ThotNutrition2025 – Thot Nutrition – Power of Essential Amino Acids

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The Breakthrough

There are moments in supplement formulation when a supplement is more than a supplement. It is a breakthrough. THOT MAG-B-NOX is one of those moments. It is a game-changer.

THOT MAG-B-NOX is created to activate your body’s natural Nitric Oxide (NO) production in a more complex way that you have experienced so far. This formulation is based on a very deep understanding of how NO is formed and utilized by the body and of what the body actually needs in order to make it happen flawlessly.

This supplement is more than just another NO booster. It is designed for both rapid effect and long-term optimization of the entire body. It doesn’t just focus on NO production; it takes care of the pathways that produce it and it makes sure to keep them healthy. How? Through all the ingredients that it contains. This is a formula like no other.

Dysfunctions associated with NO deficiency

Erectile dysfunctions
High blood pressure (NO ensures dilatation of the endothelial layer of the blood vessel – the firs layer; means more blood is circulating and the blood vessels are elastic
Metabolic diseases and diabetes – NO is required for insulin signaling; If you cannot produce NO, you become insulin resistance and diabetic
Exercise resistance and stamina. You do not have power to exercise, you become rapidly “out of breath”. Try to walk the stairs and see how you perform. Usually is because you are NO deficient
Alzheimer’s disease because you have low flow of blood to the brain and become insulin resistance in the brain – Type 3 diabetes. NO is correcting everything we know about Alzheimer. NO inhibits the oxidative stress associated with Alzheimer’s disease, preventing the accumulation of amyloid plaque and the presence of Tau protein (inflammatory marker).
Inflammation – NO reduce inflammation in the body and in the brain.
Immune disfunction – NO prevents immune dysfunctions. NO assures that nutrients flow to the cells and take away the garbage. In this way you have no miss-folding proteins
Oxidative stress related diseases and Immune dysfunctions.
Miss-folded protein dysfunctions. NO assures that nutrients flow to the cells and take away the garbage. In this way you have no miss-folding proteins
Nitric oxide (NO) plays a complex role in Alzheimer’s disease, contributing to both neuro-protective and neurotoxic processes
Nitric oxide (NO) may support neuronal function by enhancing neuronal excitability and promoting synaptic plasticity.

Longevity associated diseases. NO is helping the 3 most important factors for anti-aging and longevity:

NO(Nitric Oxide) gives stem cells the signal to mobilize; thus, stimulates and mobilize stem cells, especially plumy-potent stem cells
Telomere extension. NO activate the enzyme telomerase that prevents telomeres shortening. It signals the production of the telomerase enzymes and regulates the proper function of the telomerase enzyme.
Mitochondrial functions. NO gives the signal to the cell that the body needs more mitochondria and the body needs for the existing mitochondria to function at the best possible function, to produce as much cellular energy as possible with less oxygen.

Chronic Diseases Associated with NO Deficiency

Non- healing wounds. Scars, necrotic wounds, etc.
Retinopathy
Diabetic ulcers and necrosis
Macular degeneration
Degenerative pancreatitis

What is in the vial? Yes, it it in liquid form now.

Easier to take, faster action time,

In just one or two daily shots, THOT MAG-B-NOX delivers:

6 amino acids (3000 mg total)( L-Arginine (precursor for BPC157 Peptide), L-Citrulline, L-Lysine HCl, L-Leucine, L-Tryptophan, L-Methionine)
5 types of Magnesium (900 mg total) (Magnesium bisglycinate, Magnesium malate, Magnesium taurate, Magnesium citrate (magnesium salts of citric acid), Magnesium ascorbate)
5 powerful plant-based NO activators (Hawthorn Berries Extract 5:1, Açaí Berries Extract 10:1, Aronia Berries Extract 10:1, Moringa Leaf Extract 10:1, Red Spinach Extract (Oxystorm®)
Non-acidic Vitamin C (from Magnesium ascorbate)
Essential electrolytes (Na, K, Cl) (from NaCl and Potassium citrate)
B vitamins for mitochondrial support (Vitamin B3 – Niacin, Vitamin B6 – Pyridoxine HCL, Vitamin B12 – Methycobalamin)

Now… why choose Thot MAG-B-NOX when choosing a Nitric Oxide (NO) booster supplement?

There are so many reasons! But let us give you the most important ones:

It is a liquid form supplement!
- This means that you are done with swallowing tons of tablets. Until now, you had to take multiple tablets from multiple products to make sure you had all the ingredients in the right quantities to boost your NO production and to make sure that the mechanisms that produce it stay healthy. Now you have them all in one shot.
- This also means rapid absorption and immediate impact. While with tablets and capsules you need to wait for them to dissolve, a liquid shot provides you the ingredients ready for absorption and utilization.
It covers ALL the pathways involved in NO production and utilization. This supplement offers:
- the ingredients that stimulate NO production
- the ingredients that are precursors for NO
- the ingredients that optimize NO synthesis
- the ingredients that protect and nurture the pathways involved in NO synthesis
- the ingredients that help the body utilize NO properly

If this introduction got your attention, feel free to try our product right now.

THOT MAG-B-NOX: The energy makeover booster

SHOP MAG-B-NOX

If you’re not that sure yet or if you simply want to know what is Nitric Oxide (NO), how it benefits your health and to understand the science behind our formula continue reading this article.

Nitric Oxide – What It Is and How It Helps?

Nitric Oxide (NO) is a critical signaling molecule that influences nearly every system in the human body, and it is produced naturally by your vascular endothelium (the inner layer of your blood vessels).

In short, NO is critical in:

Vasodilation (relaxation of blood vessels)
Oxygen and nutrient delivery to muscles and tissues
Blood pressure regulation
Mitochondrial respiration and function
Regeneration and antiaging
Tissue healing and regeneration
Strem cells activation and coordination
Telomers expression
Neurotransmission
Immune defense mechanisms
Sexual function and libido
And much more…

Due to its implications in every aspect of human physiology, NO got the attention of medical doctors and scientists and there are a few of them who studied this tiny gas molecule in depth.

For decades, nitric oxide (NO) was considered just a toxic air pollutant. That belief changed completely in the late 20th century. In 1998, the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine was awarded to Robert F. Furchgott, Louis J. Ignarro, and Ferid Murad^{^[1]} for their discovery that nitric oxide is a signaling molecule in the cardiovascular system^{^[2]}.

Their work proved that nitric oxide is produced naturally by the human body, essential for vasodilation (blood vessel relaxation) and critical for blood pressure regulation, blood flow, and cellular communication.

This discovery revolutionized medicine and laid the foundation for modern understanding of cardiovascular health, erectile function, metabolic regulation, immune signaling and more. Nitric oxide went from being seen as a “toxic gas” to being recognized as a fundamental molecule of life.

Decades later, impressed by this discovery and forced by personal circumstances involving health problems that needed a different approach, Dr. Nathan Bryan continued to study this molecule. Today, we are grateful for the work he has done and for the knowledge that he has shared about this miracle gas molecule.

Dr. Nathan Bryan is an American biochemist and nitric oxide (NO) researcher for over 18–20 years. He worked at Baylor College of Medicine, published dozens of scientific articles and edited medical books on the topic of NO^[3]. Dr. Nathan S. Bryan is considered one of the world’s leading experts on nitric oxide.

With aging, stress, inflammation, poor diet, and sedentary lifestyles, NO production declines over time. This often happens silently and people notice it only when symptoms appear, symptoms like fatigue, cold hands and feet, headaches, muscle tightness, slower recovery, poor focus, sexual dysfunction etc.

Although NO is known in the sports industry and supplements are used for athletic performance for a while now, a proper level of NO in the body helps ordinary people as well. We are talking about the quality of your life: how fast your brain thinks, how well your blood flows, how deeply you sleep, how alive you feel.

Nitric Oxide — How It’s Made and How It Works?

Nitric oxide (NO) is a microscopic gas, yet it controls the fundamental aspect of your biology.

There are two major pathways NO is produced:

1. The first pathway is Arginine → NO (NOS) enzymatic pathway

NO is created in the body, from L‑arginine in the inner layer of your blood vessels – the endothelium. The body needs the eNOS enzyme to create NO. NO signals your vessels to relax and open. Studies dating back decades confirm that human endothelial cells synthesize NO directly from L‑arginine—and that providing more arginine boosts NO availability and improves vascular function^[4].
This pathway depends on: L-arginine, L-citrulline, cofactors (BH4, vitamins), functional NOS enzyme. If the environment of your cells had the right support, with nutrients like magnesium, vitamin C, and B‑vitamins, NO would flow flawlessly. But modern stress, inflammation, poor nutrition, and aging suppress slows down the production of NO and disrupt its function.
The main problem that may occur in this pathway is the “uncoupling” of the enzyme NOS. As a result, instead of NO it produces free radicals (superoxide). That is why classic arginine supplements may not work and this is the reason we packed the formula with powerful anti-oxidants.

2. The second pathway it the Nitrate–nitrite–NO pathway (non-enzymatic)

Thankfully, there’s a secondary route that helps the NO pathway: nitrate→nitrite→NO. Dietary nitrates from some plants and leafy greens convert to nitrite via oral bacteria and then into NO in the bloodstream.
So, if one pathway doesn’t work, we have the other. This last one is clinically validated and especially effective when endogenous synthesis (the first described pathway) is compromised^[5]..
This pathway depends heavily on oral microbiome (beneficial bacteria on tongue, gums) and gastric pH (sufficient acidity)
The main problem that may occur is usually due to antibacterial mouthwash! It destroys NO-producing bacteria, which usually increases blood pressure as a result. So, there you have it – one information that you may not have known until now: toothpaste + fluoridated water can alter oral microbiota and enzymes.

MAG-B-NOX supports both pathways.

Once produced in the endothelial cells, NO activates guanylate cyclase, raising cGMP. This helps to relax the vascular smooth muscle, lower the blood pressure, improve the microcirculation and prevent platelet aggregation. That was proven by Nobel prize–winning work identifying NO as the “endothelium-derived relaxing factor”^[6].

NO is ultra-reactive and very diffusible so it gets very quickly into the nearby cells. NO is a signaling molecule that affects nearly every organ system.

These are the main benefits for your body, and this is how they take place.

In your cardiovascular system, NO keeps vessels pliable, reduces stiffness, supports angiogenesis (new capillaries), and guards against clots and hypertension
In your muscles, NO improves mitochondrial respiration and oxygen delivery during movement, reducing oxygen cost of exercise and boosting endurance. Numerous clinical trials—especially using beetroot juice—report higher reps and power output at lower oxygen cost^[7].
In your brain, NO functions as a neurotransmitter. It supports memory consolidation, neuroplasticity, learning, and mood regulation^[8] ^[9].
NO also plays an essential role in your immune system. It helps macrophages and T‑cells identify pathogens and modulates inflammatory signaling —allowing healing without excessive immune overreaction.
On a cellular level NO has direct effects on stem cells activation and functions, telomeres expressions and mitochondria functions – the primary mechanisms of antiaging and longevity.
On a metabolic level, NO enhances insulin sensitivity, supports glucose uptake into muscle cells, and reduces inflammatory markers. Clinical reviews highlight nitrate supplementation as a strategy to improve metabolic health and decrease cardiometabolic risk^[10] ^[11].
And it even touches sexual health – because NO delivers the blood flow that triggers arousal, lubrication, and orgasm. Without it, desire may exist, but the body stays unresponsive.

When NO is low, every system slows down.

You feel fatigue, brain fog, poor recovery, low libido, cold extremities, poor circulation, and slow healing. Often dismissed as “aging,” the root cause is frequently NO deficiency.

Restoring NO transforms everything.

Vessels relax, mitochondria regenerate, circulation wakes, cognitive clarity returns, sleep deepens, immunity regulates, and your system begins to recover on its own.

This is why we created THOT MAG‑B-NOX.

It activates both NO pathways – providing L‑arginine, L‑citrulline and nutrients that support both the eNOS pathway and the nitrate‑nitrite‑NO pathway. It also has antioxidant protection to preserve NO and regeneration boosters to support longevity. The result? THOT MAG-B-NOX doesn’t simply increase NO. It creates an entire ecosystem for sustained NO synthesis, retention and function.

Diseases & Dysfunctions associated with low Nitric Oxide (NO)

Without NO you have no vasodilation, so no increased blood flow – this is the basis of erection, normal blood pressure, brain irrigation and physical performance.

The most important diseases and dysfunctions associated with NO deficiency:

Erectile dysfunction – this is the first sign of NO deficiency and accelerated cardiovascular disease^[12] – this is a very underrated and underdiagnosed condition, and this is because its intimate nature. Who would like to admit that they have erectile dysfunction? But behind closed doors, people know they have a problem. This is the reality and it affects both men and women. No NO means no vasodilation which means no arousal.
High blood pressure – because there is no more NO-mediated vasodilation, the same volume of blood is forced to passes through narrower arteries. This is the mechanism that causes bold pressure to increase^[13]. It is just physics.
Metabolic diseases and diabetes – NO production is necessary for insulin signaling; without NO, the cell develops insulin resistance and diabetes occurs^[14].
Antiaging and regeneration – NO has direct effects on stem cells, telomeres and mitochondria – the primary mechanisms of antiaging and longevity.
Exercise intolerance – if you can’t climb a flight of stairs or can’t sustain 15–30 min of moderate exercise or you don’t have power to exercise and you become rapidly “out of breath”, you are most likely deficient in NO^[15].
Alzheimer’s disease – this is vascular disease (low blood flow) combined with an insulin resistance in the brain. It is also called “type 3 diabetes^[16]. NO is correcting everything we know about Alzheimer. NO inhibits the oxidative stress associated with Alzheimer’s disease, preventing the accumulation of amyloid plaque and the presence of Tau protein (inflammatory marker).
Oxidative stress & immune dysfunction – without NO you no longer have good nutrient transport, and waste is no longer cleaned up. This leads to misfolded proteins and chronic inflammation^[17]. NO assures that nutrients flow to the cells and it helps blood to take away the garbage. In this way, you have no miss-folding proteins.
Chronic wounds, ulcers, necrosis^{^[18]} – diabetic ulcers and necrosis, macular degeneration, retinopathy, degenerative pancreatitis, non-healing wounds, escares and more – they are correlated with microcirculation and endothelial dysfunction; mechanistically it ties in perfectly with NO deficiency.

Nitric Oxide (NO) and LONGEVITY – key points

According to science, endothelial nitric oxide (NO) production and bioavailability are highest in young, healthy individuals and decline progressively with aging^[19]. It is believed that up to ~20 years NO production is optimal.

NO-dependent endothelial vasodilation declines significantly by early to mid-adulthood, resulting in reduced NO production and increased oxidative stress^[20], so that approximately by age 40, the body generally loses 40-60% of the ability to produce NO.

After midlife (~40), nitric oxide bioavailability declines progressively with each decade, largely due to oxidative stress, eNOS uncoupling, and impaired endothelial signaling^[21]. It is believed that the rate of decline is 10–12% per decade.

Advanced aging (~70-80 years) is associated with a profound reduction in nitric oxide–mediated vasodilation, with 70–75% less compared with young adults^[22].

Poor lifestyle factors accelerate endothelial dysfunction and nitric oxide deficiency, leading to early onset hypertension, insulin resistance, erectile dysfunction and vascular disease — even in adolescents and young adults^[23].

Now that we have seen how NO declines with age, it is obvious that, to benefit longer from its effects, you must do certain things to stimulate the body to produce more NO for a longer period. Just like when it was when you were younger.

If you manage to stop the decline and produce more NO, it is going to help you not only to prolong your life, but also to significantly increase your life quality.

How does NO do this? Well, NO has direct effects on stem cells, telomeres and mitochondria – the primary mechanisms of antiaging and longevity.

Nitric oxide is a key signaling molecule involved in the mobilization, recruitment, and function of stem cells^[24]. It mobilizes them into the tissues where they are needed – eNOS-derived NO is required for stem cell mobilization from bone marrow and this proves that NO bioavailability is directly linked to regenerative capacity. Without sufficient NO, regeneration is slow, wounds and injuries are difficult to heal^[25].
NO can activate telomerase, the enzyme that is responsible for maintaining telomere length^[26]. Sustained NO production contributes to telomere protection and is associated with longevity^[27].
Nitric oxide regulates mitochondrial respiration and oxygen utilization, directly modulating mitochondrial oxygen consumption^[28]. At physiological levels, NO improves mitochondrial efficiency – it enhances mitochondrial coupling efficiency, reduces electron leakage, and optimizes ATP production. So we have more ATP with less O2^[29]. NO deficiency, on the other hand, leads to mitochondrial dysfunction and high oxidative stress, leading to cellular disfunction and metabolic decline. This feature is associated with “sherpa gene”; a genetic unique characteristic that allow some native population to function and thrive at high altitude where oxygen has lower concentration.

Knowing that these 3 mechanisms that are the core pillars in regeneration and longevity need proper amounts of Nitric Oxide to function properly, it is only natural to do our best to enhance and optimize NO levels in our bodies for as long as possible.

THOT MAG-B-NOX does exactly that and it does it in precise manner, covering all the pathways involved in NO synthesis and utilization.

Boosting nitric oxide (NO) Synthesis and Activity

However, the first step in boosting NO synthesis is getting rid of the products, conditions and habits that limit NO synthesis.

And this is where oral hygiene comes in. A large part of nitric oxide production depends on beneficial bacteria living in the mouth. These bacteria convert dietary nitrates (from vegetables or supplements) into nitrites, which are later transformed into nitric oxide in the body^[30].

If these bacteria are damaged or destroyed, NO production drops significantly, no matter how healthy your diet is.

So, everything that imbalances the microbiome in the oral cavity needs to be removed a soon as possible: sugar or sugary products, mouthwash, toothpaste or fluoride containing products, tongue scraping. Using antibacterial mouthwash may feel “clean,” but it kills the very bacteria needed to make nitric oxide. Regular mouthwash use has been shown to reduce NO availability and increase blood pressure^{^[31]}.

Also, it is important to choose nose breathing over mouth breathing – this protects the microbiome in the mouth. Breathing through the mouth dries the oral environment and creates conditions that damage beneficial bacteria. Nose breathing helps maintain a healthier oral microbiome and supports nitric oxide availability^{^[32]}. PS: Nasal breathing itself increases NO levels because nitric oxide is produced in the nasal sinuses and inhaled into the lungs.

Dental infections, gum disease, and untreated cavities also increase inflammation and reduce nitric oxide signaling, further disrupting circulation and healing^[33]. and to fix teeth problems and cavities/infections.

So, even if we have the most powerful tools that we can use to enhance our NO synthesis, let’s not ignore the basics and let’s limit losses. It is not only equally important, it is essential. Always make sure you have the basics in check before, during and after using more advanced instruments.

Even the most advanced nitric oxide boosters cannot compensate for daily habits that block NO production. Protecting the oral microbiome, choosing gentle oral hygiene, breathing through the nose, and fixing dental problems are not optional details — they are the foundation.

Now… once the foundation is covered… Let’s move to “the real deal”.

Let’s see how THOT MAG-B-NOX helps improving NO synthesis through each one if it’s ingredients.

THOT MAG-B-NOX: The energy makeover booster

SHOP MAG-B-NOX

THOT MAG-B-NOX – the most complex supplement formula for boosting NO synthesis

THOT MAG-B-NOX is a very smart supplement that reunites no less than 23 ingredients, all of them very carefully selected to cover all of the mechanisms involved in NO synthesis, preservation and usage.

Now that you know what NO is, what it does and how it works, let’s see how each special ingredient is involved in this.

1. Amino Acids: The Foundation!

Nitric oxide cannot be produced without the right raw materials. And this is the part where almost every genius discovery and advanced technology fails. You can stimulate your body to produce certain things all you want, but, if you fail to provide the raw materials besides the instructions, the body will be forced to take them from other organs and systems and, sooner or later, it will collapse.

So yes, you are the boss, you are the one in charge, you are the one giving the command. But you can lead your body with respect and care, or you can be a tyrant – your choice. Both ways work. But only one of them is sustainable.

This is where Thot Nutrition makes the difference. This is where Thot Nutrition brings a point of difference to the table. This is where Thot Nutrition stands out.

Our supplements understand the big picture. We see the gaps and we fill them. We detect the blind spots and we cover them. Because it is not only about speed and efficiency, but also about long-lasting results and integrity.

The long-term gain doesn’t happen when you sacrifice one organ or system to improve another. The long-term gain happens when you nurture every aspect of your body and move as a whole.

And so, we developed a product that delivers not only the raw materials to generate more Nitric Oxide, but also the raw materials for the body to handle the effects of NO in the body. For example: Yes, NO, once synthesized, stimulates vasodilation, wound healing, stem cell activation and DNA repair… but do you have enough raw materials to support these processes?

This is where amino acids come in. Some are needed for the basic’s functions of the body, some are needed for NO synthesis, and some are needed for carrying the effects of NO.

And now, we will show you how each one in this formula works:

● L-Arginine & L-Citrulline

These two amino acids work hand in hand as primary substrates for nitric oxide synthesis. L-Arginine is the primary substrate for nitric oxide (NO) production by endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS)^{^[34]}. However, oral L-Arginine alone is extensively metabolized during first-pass (intestinal and hepatic arginase activity) before it reaches systemic circulation, limiting its effectiveness as a substrate for NO synthesis^[35].

That’s why THOT MAG-B-NOX also includes L-Citrulline, which is more bioavailable and converts into L-Arginine inside the kidneys, where it avoids first-pass metabolism^[36]. Together, they ensure a sustained production^[37].

● L-Arginine & BPC157 Peptide (L-Arginine is the precursor for BPC157)

Also, Arginine is boosting the pathway for BPC 157 Peptide that works synergic. This miracle small peptide is involved in so many processes:

Collagen Synthesis

BPC-157 increases collagen production and fibroblast activity. This directly affects how strong and well-structured repaired tissue becomes, not just how fast it heals.

Nitric Oxide Modulation

BPC-157 influences nitric oxide, which controls blood vessel dilation and vascular function. Better circulation control means more efficient delivery of repair signals to the injury site.

ERK1/2 Pathway Activation – pathway as a primary mechanism for driving cell growth, regeneration, and angiogenesis in musculoskeletal tissues

BPC-157 activates specific pathways that literally drive cell growth and regeneration. This increases the rate at which damaged cells are replaced with new functional tissue.

Inflammatory Suppression

BPC-157 reduces excessive inflammatory signaling after injury. Less prolonged inflammation means less secondary tissue damage and faster progression into actual repair.

Growth Hormone Receptor Upregulation

BPC-157 increases the sensitivity of tissue to growth-related signals. This may amplify the body’s own repair processes rather than acting as a direct growth driver.

Microvascular Integrity & Blood Flow

BPC-157 improves small blood vessel stability and restores flow in damaged areas. This helps prevent tissue breakdown caused by poor circulation during recovery.

Dopaminergic & Pain Modulation Effects

BPC-157 influences dopamine-linked pathways and reduces early-stage pain signals. This appears to blunt acute pain response, but not long-term or chronic pain.

BPC-157 appears to act as a multi-pathway regulator of the healing, simultaneously influencing blood flow, inflammation, and tissue reconstruction rather than targeting a single mechanism. This coordination may explain its consistent effects in preclinical models, but without robust human data, its true impact on complex human recovery systems remains unresolved.

● L-Lysine

More than just a structural protein component, L-Lysine plays a vital role in collagen synthesis and maintenance – which supports vascular elasticity, blood vessel repair, skin health and beauty and the immune system. (Read Thot Nutrition’s Article on Lysine)

● L-Leucine

L-Leucine is best known for activating muscle protein synthesis via the mTOR pathway^[38]. Indirectly, leucine supports nitric oxide–dependent physiology by improving insulin sensitivity, glucose disposal, and skeletal-muscle nutrient uptake. These metabolic effects enhance endothelial function and microvascular perfusion, creating a physiological environment in which NO-mediated blood flow more effectively supports muscle hypertrophy, tissue repair, and exercise resilience. (Read Thot Nutrition’s Article on Leucine)

● L-Tryptophan

By supporting serotonin and melatonin synthesis, tryptophan helps regulate the nervous system and circadian rhythm – two overlooked but essential modulators of endothelial flexibility and nitric oxide-dependent vascular tone. Melatonin (from tryptophan) directly supports endothelial function and NO signaling^[39]. Serotonin modulates vasoconstriction and vasodilation depending on receptor subtype and endothelial integrity, showing how mood and nervous-system signaling influence vascular tone and endothelial responsiveness^[40]. (Read Thot Nutrition’s Article on Tryptophan)

● L-Methionine

Methionine is a key methyl donor and a central regulator of cellular detoxification, redox balance, and tissue renewal. Through its role in the methionine–homocysteine cycle, methionine supports glutathione synthesis, DNA repair, and liver detoxification pathways. By limiting oxidative stress and preserving endothelial integrity, methionine indirectly supports optimal nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability. In this sense, methionine does not create the NO signal – but protects the biochemical environment that allows NO signaling to function efficiently^[41]. (Read Thot Nutrition’s Article on Methionine)

Together, these 6 amino acids build the architecture for NO synthesis and nourish the systems that sustain it. THOT MAG-B-NOX delivers what your body needs, in the right form, the right ratio, and the right context.

2. Magnesium x5 + Electrolytes: The Bioelectric Support

If amino acids are the building blocks of nitric oxide (NO), magnesium and electrolytes are the systems that allow those signals to work efficiently. Magnesium regulates membrane transport, nerve conduction, muscle contraction (including the heart), vascular tone, and cellular energy production—processes that directly influence endothelial function and NO bioavailability^[42]. Magnesium deficiency is associated with endothelial dysfunction, increased vascular tone, and reduced NO availability^{^[43]}.

The Magnesium Quintet: Five Molecular Keys

THOT MAG-B-NOX is formulated with five distinct forms of magnesium, each selected for its unique tissue-targeting properties and bioavailability profile. These are not generic mineral salts. They are pharmacologically relevant forms that reach the brain, heart, muscles, and cells where real metabolic magic happens.

● Magnesium ascorbate

Magnesium ascorbate combines magnesium with vitamin C, supporting antioxidant defense. Vitamin C helps stabilize tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4), a critical cofactor for endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), thereby indirectly supporting NO synthesis^[44].

● Magnesium bisglycinate

Chelated to glycine, magnesium bisglycinate is highly bioavailable and gentle on the gut^[45]. It supports neuromuscular relaxation, parasympathetic (calming) tone, and sleep quality. Glycine itself has inhibitory neurotransmitter activity and supports connective tissue and gut integrity.

● Magnesium taurate

Magnesium taurate combines magnesium with taurine, a molecule with strong affinity for cardiovascular and neural tissues. This form supports calcium-channel regulation, membrane stability, and cardiac rhythm, indirectly favoring healthy vascular tone^[46].

● Magnesium Malate

Magnesium malate supports mitochondrial energy production, as malate is a Krebs cycle intermediate^[47]. This form is especially useful in states of fatigue, impaired ATP production, or metabolic stress – conditions that also impair NO signaling.

● Magnesium Citrate

One of the most widely absorbed forms, citrate acts as a gentle laxative, improves bowel motility, and supports electrolyte absorption. In THOT MAG-B-NOX, it balances the system and ensures smooth digestive function – key for consistent nutrient uptake^[48].

Together, these forms span the spectrum of neurovascular, muscular, digestive, and metabolic support—ensuring you’re not just meeting magnesium quotas, but actually absorbing and using it where it matters most.

Electrolyte Intelligence: Potassium, Sodium, and Chloride

In a world dominated by stimulants and diuretics, most people are electrolyte deficient—even if they drink water. Proper hydration is not about volume; it’s about electrical balance. Electrolytes create the gradient that drives muscle contraction, heartbeat rhythm, nerve signaling, and nutrient transport.

THOT MAG-B-NOX includes:

Potassium Citrate – Regulates nerve conduction, blood pressure, and acid–base balance. Essential for muscle recovery, cellular hydration, and vascular tone.
Sodium Chloride – Supports osmotic pressure, brain signaling, and fluid homeostasis. In its purest form, it restores what is lost through sweat and stress.

Along with magnesium, these minerals form the core quartet – Mg, K, Na, and Cl – that stabilizes the internal terrain. They allow NO to be generated, distributed, and utilized with maximum efficiency.

“Electrolyte balance is a cornerstone of cardiovascular health, impacting everything from endothelial function to neurohumoral regulation.” (EFSA Scientific Opinion)

Whether you’re working out, working late, fasting, or recovering, THOT MAG-B-NOX gives your cells what they need to maintain rhythm, flow, and charge.

3. Antioxidants + Polyphenols: Nitric Oxide (NO) Protection & Vascular health

Once NO is generated, it becomes extremely vulnerable to oxidative degradation – especially in inflamed, stressed, or toxic internal environments. That’s why simply producing NO is not enough. To experience the long-term benefits of nitric oxide – mental clarity, physical endurance, sexual vitality, cardiovascular resilience – you need to protect and stabilize it.

This is where THOT MAG-B-NOX shows its multidimensional intelligence. The formula integrates a carefully curated blend of antioxidant-rich plant extracts, polyphenol complexes, and bioavailable vitamin C that together create a biochemical shield for NO.

The ingredients in this category were chosen mainly for their electron donor capacity.

Electron donors play a crucial role in the mitochondrial respiratory chain, enhancing energy production and reducing oxidative stress. This indirectly supports the body’s ability to produce and utilize nitric oxide effectively^[49].

● Red spinach Extract (Oxystorm®)

Oxystorm® is the star ingredient of this formula.

Oxystorm® is a standardized extract of red spinach (plants of the genus Amaranthus – Amaranthus hypochondriacus) – not the common green spinach^[50].

What is special about this extract is its high nitrate content – standardized to ~ 9% nitrate^[51] (i.e. about 90 mg nitrate per gram of powder), which makes its nitrate concentration several times higher than typical nitrate-rich foods like beetroot powder or beet juice!

Oxystorm® is produced via a water-based extraction process, is 100% water-soluble, sugar-free, and reportedly free of oxalates (compounds that in high amounts can interfere with mineral absorption or contribute to kidney-stone risk). These characteristics makes it highly bioavailable!

Because of its high nitrate density and standardized content, Oxystorm® is popular in sports nutrition – many supplement formulas use it to reliably deliver nitrate (NO₃⁻) without the variability seen in whole-food sources^[52].

A portion of circulating nitrate is concentrated into saliva, then reduced by oral bacteria to nitrite (NO₂⁻), which upon swallowing becomes part of the systemic nitrite pool. This nitrite serves as a substrate for NO production in tissues – especially under conditions of low oxygen or high demand (e.g. exercise). A significant portion is recycled through the entero-salivary pathway^[53].

Nitrite is reduced to NO in tissues (muscles, endothelium, vascular smooth muscle) via enzymatic and non-enzymatic pathways – independent of nitric-oxide synthase (NOS), which is useful especially when endogenous NO production is compromised. Given the concentration of nitrate from Oxystorm®, these effects may be more pronounced or reliable than from less concentrated sources.

Some of those studies report improved exercise tolerance, better oxygen utilization (VO₂ kinetics), and enhanced endurance and/or performance^[54]. Human studies using standardized red spinach extract comparable to Oxystorm® demonstrate increased plasma nitrate and nitrite levels, associated with improvements in exercise-related outcomes^[55].

● Hawthorn Berries Extract (5:1)

Hawthorn (Crataegus spp.) is one of the most extensively researched cardiovascular botanicals in European phytotherapy. Standardized extracts – particularly concentrated formats such as a 5:1 extract – are rich in oligomeric procyanidins (OPCs) and flavonoids, compounds known to support endothelial health.

Hawthorn extract has vasodilatory and anti-inflammatory effects via enhancing the NO pathway^[56].

It primarily works by stimulating the body’s own endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), the enzyme responsible for physiological NO production from L-arginine. This positions hawthorn as a complementary, enzyme-driven NO modulator rather than a direct NO donor^[57].

The cardiovascular activity of hawthorn berries is largely attributed to OPCs and flavonoids such as hyperoxide, vitexin, quercetin, and rutin. Experimental studies show that these compounds activate intracellular signaling pathways (notably PI3K/Akt), leading to phosphorylation and activation of eNOS. As a result, endothelial cells increase NO production directly at the vascular wall. In parallel, hawthorn polyphenols reduce oxidative stress by scavenging superoxide radicals, which would otherwise destroy NO by forming peroxynitrite^[58].

Healthy nitric oxide signaling depends on a functional endothelium. Long-term hawthorn supplementation has been shown to improve endothelial function, arterial elasticity, and coronary blood flow. These vascular effects translate clinically into modest reductions in blood pressure and improved exercise tolerance, particularly in individuals with compromised cardiovascular function^[59].

In addition to NO effects, hawthorn extracts have mild inhibitory activity on angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), As angiotensin II suppresses eNOS and increases reactive oxygen species, lower angiotensin II levels indirectly favor NO signaling^[60].

A 5:1 hawthorn extract provides a higher and more consistent concentration of OPCs and flavonoids than whole berries or non-standardized powders. This standardization is critical for reliably influencing eNOS activity and endothelial function^[61].

In nitric-oxide–focused formulations, hawthorn works synergistically with amino acid precursors (L-arginine, L-citrulline), mineral cofactors (magnesium), and nitrate sources (such as red spinach extract), offering dual-pathway support for NO production and preservation. Its clinical history and mechanistic depth make hawthorn a strategic ingredient in advanced vascular and longevity formulations^[62].

● Acai fruits extract (10:1)

Açaí (Euterpe oleracea) fruit extracts, which are rich in anthocyanins and polyphenols, support nitric oxide bioavailability primarily through antioxidant protection of NO, upregulation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), and improvements in endothelium-dependent vasodilation. Açaí does not act by supplying nitrate substrates but instead preserves and enhances endogenous endothelial NO signaling^[63].

It contains exceptionally high levels of anthocyanins and other flavonoids, which are the primary bioactive compounds responsible for its vascular and endothelial effects^[64].

Açaí polyphenols reduce oxidative stress by scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS) and upregulating endogenous antioxidant enzymes (e.g., superoxide dismutase). This limits NO degradation, thereby increasing functional NO bioavailability^[65].

Experimental studies in endothelial cells and animal models show us that açaí extracts increase eNOS expression and phosphorylation, supporting enhanced endothelial NO production^[66].

Chronic supplementation with açaí extracts in hypertensive rodent models prevents endothelial dysfunction, attenuates blood pressure elevation, and increases eNOS expression – demonstrating long-term vascular protection^[67].

Certain açaí fractions downregulate inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression in inflammatory models, reducing pathological NO overproduction while preserving physiological endothelial NO signaling^[68].

Aronia fruits extract (10:1)

Dark purple berries (e.g., aronia, açaí, blueberries) are among the richest dietary sources of anthocyanins and phenolic acids. These bioactive compounds have clinically relevant vascular effects that extend beyond general antioxidant activity, primarily by improving endothelial function and preserving nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability^{^[69]}.

Anthocyanins support NO-mediated vasodilation by reducing oxidative stress in the vascular endothelium. This way, the reaction of NO with superoxide to form peroxynitrite is limited. Human randomized controlled trials and meta-analyses show that anthocyanin supplementation significantly improves flow-mediated dilation (FMD), a validated marker of endothelial NO signaling^[70]

In addition to stabilizing NO, anthocyanin-rich supplementation has been shown to lower blood pressure and improve arterial compliance, effects that are consistent with enhanced endothelial signaling and reduced oxidative burden^[71].

Recent studies also suggest that anthocyanins contribute to cerebral blood flow and blood–brain barrier integrity, probably through their endothelial-protective and anti-inflammatory effects^[72].

Together, these effects form a triad of vascular protection: stabilization of circulating NO, reduction of oxidative stress markers, and restoration of endothelial tone from the inside out.

Non-Acidic Vitamin C (from Magnesium ascorbate)

Vitamin C is far more than a general antioxidant. In human physiology, it functions as an essential metabolic cofactor for collagen synthesis, a process critical for maintaining the structural integrity of blood vessels, capillaries, and connective tissue^[73]. Adequate collagen turnover ensures that vessels remain elastic and resilient under pressure, directly supporting healthy circulation. Deficiency or suboptimal intake weakens vascular walls, increases permeability, and accelerates endothelial dysfunction – conditions that compromise blood flow and nitric oxide (NO) signaling^[74].

Vitamin C plays a direct and well-documented role in supporting endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) function. It enhances NO bioavailability by maintaining tetrahydrobiopterin (BH₄), a critical eNOS cofactor. When BH₄ is depleted, eNOS becomes “uncoupled” and produces superoxide instead of NO^[75]. Vitamin C helps prevent this uncoupling and shifts endothelial signaling back toward NO production rather than oxidative stress.

One of vitamin C’s most powerful functions is its role in regenerating other antioxidants, particularly vitamin E and glutathione. By restoring these molecules to their reduced (active) forms, vitamin C creates a networked antioxidant system rather than acting in isolation^[76]. This is especially relevant for NO biology, as oxidative stress rapidly degrades NO into peroxynitrite. By lowering reactive oxygen species and reinforcing endogenous antioxidant defenses, vitamin C extends the functional lifespan of NO in circulation.

Delivering vitamin C as magnesium ascorbate has two advantages: improved gastrointestinal tolerance and synergistic mineral support^[77]. Magnesium ascorbate is gentle on the stomach, making higher doses – such as the 800 mg used in THOT MAG-B-NOX – practical for daily use. Magnesium itself supports endothelial relaxation, ATP production, and ionic balance, further enhancing vascular responsiveness. Together, they allow NO to persist longer, tissues to recover faster, inflammation to resolve more efficiently, and oxygen delivery to remain unobstructed.

THOT MAG-B-NOX is not only about optimizing blood flow and performance – it’s also about long-term biological integrity. That’s why it integrates a regenerative layer, addressing the cellular renewal and energy restoration systems that form the backbone of healthy aging.

Moringa Extract (10:1 Concentration)

Often referred to as “The Miracle Tree,” Moringa is one of nature’s most nutritionally complete plants. The extract used in THOT MAG-B-NOX is 10:1 concentrated, meaning that each dose delivers the equivalent of 3000 mg of raw Moringa leaf – rich in:

Quercetin, a flavonoid that lowers inflammation and enhances endothelial function
Chlorogenic acid, which improves insulin sensitivity and modulates blood pressure
Sulfur-containing compounds that boost detoxification (phase II liver enzymes)
Essential amino acids, minerals, and antioxidants that protect mitochondria

Moringa doesn’t act in isolation. It supports the internal terrain where NO can thrive. It ensures that detoxification pathways work, inflammation is managed, and energy substrates are available. Moringa oleifera has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and cardiovascular protective effects^[78].

4. The B-Vitamin Triad (B3, B6, B12): Powering Mitochondria, Methylation, and Nitric Oxide Signaling

Vitamins B3, B6, and B12 form a functional triad that supports cellular respiration, methylation, and neurological stability. At the cellular level, these vitamins are indispensable for mitochondrial efficiency, redox balance, and amino-acid metabolism^[79]. Because nitric oxide (NO) production and signaling are tightly linked to mitochondrial health and oxidative status, adequate availability of this B-vitamin triad directly influences endothelial performance, energy resilience, and long-term metabolic integrity.

Vitamin B3 (Niacinamide): Fueling NAD⁺, Energy Metabolism, and Vascular Flexibility

Vitamin B3, provided as niacinamide, is a direct precursor to NAD⁺ and NADP⁺, coenzymes essential for mitochondrial respiration, ATP generation, and DNA repair. NAD⁺ availability governs how efficiently mitochondria convert nutrients into usable energy and how well cells respond to oxidative stress^[80].

In vascular tissue, adequate NAD⁺ supports endothelial repair mechanisms and improve vascular elasticity, indirectly favoring NO bioavailability by maintaining mitochondrial and redox balance.

Niacinamide also plays a role in neurotransmitter synthesis and neural energy metabolism, linking vascular health to cognitive and nervous-system function.

Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine HCl): Amino Acid Metabolism, Homocysteine Control, and Endothelial Health

Vitamin B6 is a critical coenzyme in amino-acid metabolism and neurotransmitter synthesis. It enables the conversion of amino acids into serotonin, GABA, and dopamine – key regulators of nervous-system tone and stress resilience.

From a vascular perspective, B6 plays an essential role in heme synthesis, supporting red blood cell production and oxygen delivery.

It is also central to homocysteine metabolism; inadequate B6 levels are associated with elevated homocysteine, increased inflammation, and impaired endothelial function. By keeping homocysteine in check, vitamin B6 helps preserve vascular integrity and reduce cardiovascular strain^[81].

Vitamin B12 (Methylcobalamin): Methylation, Neurovascular Repair, and Energy Regulation

Vitamin B12, particularly in its bioactive methylcobalamin form, is essential for DNA synthesis, nerve regeneration, and mitochondrial energy metabolism. It plays a central role in methylation pathways that regulate detoxification, neurotransmitter balance, and hormonal stability^[82].

B12 deficiency disrupts homocysteine metabolism and is strongly associated with endothelial dysfunction, cognitive decline, and impaired vascular repair^[83].

Together, vitamins B3, B6, and B12 rebuild the cellular engines that nitric oxide depends on. By enhancing mitochondrial output, stabilizing redox balance, and optimizing methylation, this triad ensures that NO is not only produced and preserved, but functionally integrated into energy metabolism, vascular tone, and neurological resilience^[84].

This is what makes THOT MAG-B-NOX more than a NO booster.

THOT MAG-B-NOX is everything that happens before, during and after NO synthesis.

THOT MAG-B-NOX: The energy makeover booster

SHOP MAG-B-NOX

Recommendations and usage:

We recommend:

1-2 vials /day

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[2] The Nobel Price 1998 – Nitric oxide as a signalling molecule in the cardiovascular system

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[50] PLT debuts standardized nitrate ingredient from red spinach

[51] PLT Health Solutions – Oxystorm® ingredient profile

[52] PLT Health Solutions Teams Up with DolCas Biotech to Market OXYSTORM Standardized Nitrate

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[54] Oxystorm – Red Spinach [Amaranthus hypochondriacus] leaf 9% Nitrates [HPLC] powder extract

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Big muscle hypertrophy biohacks with creatine, caffeine and nano-molecular leucine in 2026

ThotNutrition2025 — Sun, 15 Feb 2026 11:33:35 +0000

How to grow and develop muscles more effectively with creatine, leucine, and caffeine? Plus, exercise, of course.

Creatine Monohydrate vs. Creatine HCL: Benefits, Personalized Dosages, and Optimizations for Biohackers and Advanced Nutrition Enthusiasts

Author: Gabriel Peșa aka Bralgei Shackry (full article on my biohacking page)

Date: February 2026

Download PDF Form

Full article English (EN)

Full ARTICLE IN ROMANIAN LANGUAGE (RO)

Sources: Based on personal experiences, advanced nutrition and biohacking expertise; recent studies (2024–2026), resources from Thot Nutrition and Bralgei.com, podcast and experts’ opinion.

As a biohacker with over 30 years of experience, I have tested numerous variants in vivo, especially since I am lazy and dislike inefficient work. When I got serious about sports and creatine, I had access to the highest quality amino acids (L-leucine being the most important).

Let me be very clear from the beginning. The star of this secret is L-Leucine in nano-molecular form because size matters, but in combination with other elements that I will emphasize here, a Greate bio-hack is available. Everything you need to know about L-Leucine and the amazing benefits, you can find here: L-Leucine; the best key to muscle recovery, health & longevity in 2023. Now, let’s get back to creatine.

I realized that I wanted to recover my body as quickly and efficiently as possible. And I achieved this at over 50 years old, without any experience or discipline in sports. So, it is possible, but let’s learn the details and secrets.

Simultaneously with my sports experiments, I founded Thot Nutrition, a company that produces nano-molecular essential amino acids—the only one with this high standard of quality. Size matters in biology and performance (information about the nano-molecular essential amino acids and biohacking project: www.thotnutrition.com and www.bralgei.com). Pay close attention to these details, because they matter. Everything matters.

Creatine monohydrate or its HCL variant is becoming an essential tool for body optimization, especially in muscle reconstruction after long periods of inactivity. On my websites and YouTube channel, you will find innovative approaches, debunking nutrition myths and promoting supplements such as essential amino acids for hypertrophy and longevity. This article explores creatine monohydrate and its HCL variant, focusing on personalized dosages, optimized absorption, cognitive and women’s benefits, plus a bonus on a “golden triangle” for accelerated muscle growth. We rely on recent studies (2024–2026 – references at the end) for a balanced perspective, suitable for those who are curious, informed, or involved in personal research.

Read the full article and the secret combo of supplements on my biohacking page:

Download PDF Form

Full article English (EN)

Full ARTICLE IN ROMANIAN LANGUAGE (RO)

New muscle hypertrophy biohacks with creatine and nano-molecular leucine in 2026

Muscle growth and protein synthesis. Tips and biohacks

ThotNutrition2025 — Sun, 26 Oct 2025 14:43:55 +0000

Key principles and biohacks for body transformation, optimal energy and metabolic bioefficiency

SUMMARY: Advanced Muscle Growth and Protein Synthesis
Key principles for body transformation, optimal energy, and metabolic bioefficiency

The complete material on the biohacking, nutrition and antiaging page: Gabriel Pesa aka Bralgei Shackry

In English: https://bralgei.com/muscle-growth-and-protein-synthesis/

In Romanian: https://bralgei.com/ro/cresterea-musculara-si-sinteza-proteica/

Download article IN ENGLISN LANGUAGE (EN)

DESCARCA ARTICOLUL IN LIMBA ROMANA (RO)

1. Caloric Deficit and Body Recomposition
To reduce fat, a moderate caloric deficit is essential. The goal is to prioritize fat loss without sacrificing muscle mass. Body recomposition is possible through precise nutrition and strength training—even without a caloric surplus.

2. Proteins and Amino Acids: Vital Foundations
High protein intake is key for muscle maintenance and appetite regulation. Essential amino acids play a superior role due to their much higher utilization rate compared to standard proteins. Thot Aminos provide professional-grade solutions with direct blood absorption.

3. Isometric Training and Under2ms
Strength training—especially intense isometric protocols—stimulates protein synthesis, maintains a high metabolic rate, and shapes the body. The Under2ms method activates deep muscle fibers and optimizes neuromuscular signaling.

4. Sleep and Hormonal Regeneration
Deep sleep regulates satiety hormones (leptin, ghrelin), reduces cortisol, and supports cellular repair. Lack of sleep increases cravings, inflammation, and halts progress.

5. Stress and Cortisol Management
Chronic stress promotes fat storage and impairs cognitive performance. Biohacking practices, mindful breathing, and active recovery help rebalance the neuroendocrine system. Details at Bralgei Biohacking.

6. Hydration, Satiety, and Digestion
Hydration goes beyond water—it optimizes digestion, curbs appetite, and supports metabolic functions. A dehydrated body retains fat more easily.

7. Consistency Equals Progress
Results emerge from small actions repeated over time. Not perfection, but consistency is the true transformation engine.

8. Whole, Unprocessed Foods
Choose natural proteins, vegetables, healthy fats, and complex carbs. These balance hormones and support gut microbiome—the foundation of longevity.

9. Intelligent Progress Tracking
The scale is just one tool. Photos, measurements, daily energy levels, and how clothes fit provide a more accurate picture.

10. Mindset: The Invisible Architect
This is not a diet—it’s a lifestyle. Discipline, patience, and compassionate course correction are key to sustainability.

11. Glucose and Sugar Management
Sugars and starches rapidly convert to fat. Use a tablespoon of organic apple cider vinegar before meals, avoid morning carbs, pair them with fats, and walk 10 minutes post-meal.

12. Professional Essential Amino Acids
Only 17–30% of proteins convert into usable amino acids. The rest becomes sugar and nitrogen waste. Thot Aminos have a 98–99% Amino Acid Utilization Rate (AAU), require no digestion, are orthomolecular, and absorb instantly—ideal for fasting, keto, intense training, and cellular recovery.

For the full version with protocols and expanded resources:
bralgei.com/muscle-growth-and-protein-synthesis

Discover high-level biohacking.
Your life can be molecularly supported—not just motivationally.

Thot L-Methionine “The game-changer” in BIO REGENERATION – Nr.1 Amino Acid for Your Regeneration and Recovery

ThotNutrition2025 — Tue, 22 Apr 2025 09:38:20 +0000

Regeneration/Recovery is a very desired, wanted and needed outcome. What many fail to understand is that regeneration is, actually, a process: a very precise and complex process that cannot be by-passed. The result is, therefore, a regenerated body, obtained as a natural outcome of going through the actual regeneration process.

What we fail to understand is that the key of this process lies in the basic functions of the body. Communication and information exchange is the root of every system. L-Methionine’s optimize this function so we learn once more: Less is more.

Regeneration involves discipline, knowledge, specific practices and specific tools. And knowing what and when to do or not to do is game-changing. Many nutrients are crucial in this regeneration process and some of them are recommended in supplement form, especially when they are not found in the right amount in the food we eat.

One of the most important nutrients for regeneration is the essential amino acid L-Methionine.

1. Quick OVERVIEW

If you are looking for simple answers, you can skip the science and jump to the end. However, if you do want to learn how your body really works, enjoy the whole article!

Get your L-Methionine daily dose for faster recovery and regeneration

L-METIONINE – THE AMINO ACID RESPONSIBLE FOR: CELL COMMMUNICATION; REGENERATION, RECOVERY, INFLAMATION AND PAIN MANAGEMENT; DNA REPAIR; ADVANCED PROTEIN SYNTESIS; GENE EXPRESSION REGULATION; BRAIN HEALTH AND MOOD ENHANCEMENT; HAIR, NAILS AND SKIN HEALTH; CARDIOVASCULAR HEALTH AND LIPID OPTIMISATION; ANTIOXIDATION AND GLUTATHIONE SYNTESIS…and so much more. …now let’s dive into the details and science

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When it comes to regeneration, L-Methionine is the essential amino acid responsible for a few very specific processes in the human body and helps repair the cells and tissues at DNA level.

L-Methionine is a sulfur-containing essential amino acid, known for its role in protein synthesis, but it also has some unique properties like:

advanced protein synthesis and growth
methylation properties
involved in essential feedback mechanisms for muscarinic receptors (COMMUNICATION)
antioxidant activity
reacting oxygen species scavenging
metal chelation
regeneration of other antioxidants
it is required for normal growth and development
it prevents build-up of bad cholesterol

As all the essential amino acids (EAAs) are indispensable to life and must be taken through diet and/or supplementation, we invite you to view EAAs as basic nutrients, not just as supplements. L-Methionine is one of them.

L-Methionine is the most important amino acid related to protein synthesis, growth and normal development. It is essential in the anabolic phase of the metabolism (the building phase), but also in catabolic phase, playing an essential adaptogenic role in the body.

Many of L-Methionine’s effects and benefits are attributed to its metabolites, the most popular of all being S-Adenosyl methionine (SAM), known in the supplements market as SAMe, SAM-e, or AdoMet. SAMe is also considered to be the “activated” form of L-Methionine^[1].

However, few know the real key role of L-Methionine in the body: through stimulating the activity and synthesis of muscarinic receptors, L-Methionine represents key element for a feedback loop that is essential for the body to know WHAT to regenerate. This way, the body doesn’t waste its resources by regenerating chaotically, but it knows precisely what proteins to synthesize and what to repair with priority.

All scientists agreed that the body is far more intelligent than we know. Well… this feedback mechanisms is one of many which reflects the body’s unmatched intelligence. We will develop this idea later in the article.

Methionine is also a precursor for Cysteine, Taurine, Lecithin, Phosphatidylcholine and Glutathione – the master molecule of all antioxidants, therefore being responsible for proper functioning of many biological pathways. We all know the importance of having glutathione levels restored in our body: once the antioxidant balanced is restored, the body starts to produce energy much more effectively instead of consuming it.

It is recommended that L-Methionine to be taken with Vitamin B12, preferably in a methylated form. The methylated formof Vitamin B12 is: Methylcobalamin. Normal levels of Vitamin B12 will assure the down regulation of cysteine and homocysteine to methionine.

This is the active, coenzyme form of B12 that contains a methyl group (-CH₃) attached to the cobalt center of the cobalamin molecule. It plays a crucial role in the methylation cycle, particularly:

Conversion of homocysteine to methionine (via methionine synthase)
Supporting DNA synthesis, neurotransmitter production, and detoxification

L-Methionine is mostly used in imbalances like depression and anxiety, stress induced toxicity, graying hair and loss^[2], and must be administered with care, under a health specialists supervision.

Although L-Methionine it is considered safe for consumption as a natural supplement by EFSA (European Food Safety Administration), too much L-Methionine can become toxic if not taken properly and in absence of certain vitamins like VitaminB12 (Please check your doctor if you are Vitamin B12 deficient or if you suffer from MTHFT genetic syndrome; In case you are MTHFR deficient (see Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase Deficiency), make sure you take Vitamin B12 in a methylated form).

If you want to learn more about how L-Methionine works inside your body, please take your time and enjoy reading the full article!

2. Essential Amino Acids and L-Methionine in HEALTH & REGENERATION

L-Methionine is the most important amino acid when it comes to regenesis and regeneration. All of the 9 EAAs are and they cannot properly help unless they work together in a proper ratio. Before sharing the details with you, let’s have a short recap:

2.1. Essential Amino Acids & Our Products – short RECAP

Amino acids are the building blocks of life^[3] – they are indispensable to life – the ones the body uses to build up proteins, hormones, neurotransmitters and all that is necessary.

In the evolutionary process, has lost the genetic ability to synthetize. Therefore, they need to be supplemented from an outside source.

There are 20 amino acids in nature, of which 9 are essential amino acids (they must be supplemented from food, as the human body cannot synthesize them): L-Leucine, L-Lysine, L-valine, L-isoleucine, L-tryptophan, L-phenylalanine, L-Methionine, L-threonine, L-histidine.

Amino acids and enzymes are the key supplements that underlie the optimal functioning of protein metabolism. The reality is that we are all deficient in amino acids. For the curious people, there are test panels for amino acid deficiencies[3].

Amino acids are used for protein synthesis. Proteins are really the molecules that keep our body alive and running. Life would not exist without proteins. And life thrives when we have the right proteins.

Most people believe that it is proteins that we need to take out from our diet. I love to break it to you: it’s not proteins, it’s an amino-acids that we need.

Read more about essential amino acids benefits by accessing our main article:

Building blocks of life and nutrition – What are essential amino acids?

The quest for the perfect formula led to the best EAAs of all times:

“IT IS NOT PROTEIN THAT WE NEED, IT IS AMINO ACIDS:

ESSENTIAL, BIO-AVAILABLE, ORTHOMOLECULAR (LEFT-FOLDED)”

If you are looking to optimize your muscle – the organ of longevity – please read our article L-Leucine – the best key to muscle recovery, health and longevity in 2023.

If you are into beauty, check out the benefits of L-Lysine – the best and only key to collagen and healthy body in 2023.

If you need to improve your sleep and balance your mood, read how to Boost your brain and optimize neurotransmitters with L-Tryptophan – Outstanding 100% plant based nootropic.

And last, but not least, if you are looking for a quick, natural and brilliant way to lose and keep off some extra kilos and overcome leptin resistance, learn about a master product: Thot Leptin RX – The Eloquent Solution to Losing Weight in 2024 (World Premiere Formula).

2.2 L-Methionine – The Most Important Essential Amino Acid for REGENERATION

Known for its repairing effects, L-Methionine is essential for healthy development, recovery and beauty. The main benefits of L-Methionine are as it follows:

Anti-aging and regeneration
Healthy development
Faster recovery
Improved mood
Neuroprotection
Healthy immune system
Reduced oxidative stress
Health of hair, nails and skin
Improved joint health

These pathways all contribute to a healthy and beautiful body, but also to a healthy brain and a beautiful mind. We will now break down these mechanisms for you to better understand how exactly can L-Methionine significantly improve your healthy brain and body development and regeneration.

However, improper use of L-Methionine has its downsides. Make sure you work with a professional in order to avoid the unwanted effects of L-Methionine misuse, which will be lightly approached and summarized later in the article.

Thank you for reading so far! Continue & enjoy your learning journey to find out more!

L-Methionine cannot be produced by the body and must be obtained through diet.
In general, it is best to consume EAAs in a balanced and varied diet. However, for individuals who may not be able to consume and/or extract enough EAAs through diet alone, supplementation is key. Please consult with a healthcare provider before starting any supplementation regimen.
There are various L-Methionine rich foods. However, as you may have already read in our main article, the human body generally has trouble digesting, extracting, absorbing, folding and using essential amino acids, including L-Methionine. This comes with aging and appears due to the lack of enzymes – The already “famous” enzymes-amino acids vicious cycle.
L-Methionine is naturally present in the following foods like:
- Eggs
- Meat
- Fish
- Sesame seeds
- Brazil nuts
- Other: maize, rice, wheat, potato, soybeans, lettuce, bean, tomato, apples, oranges, veal, milk, cheese

Most fruits and vegetables contain very little L-Methionine. Most legumes, though protein dense, are low in methionine. Proteins without adequate methionine are not considered to be complete proteins.

Many plant-based proteins, like those in soybeans and legumes, have low levels of L-methionine. This issue is made worse by food processing and storage, where L-methionine can undergo changes such as oxidation or degradation, reducing its quality and sometimes causing unwanted flavors. Additionally, the methionine in these plant proteins can be hard for the body to use effectively due to poor digestibility^[4].

If you choose food as a source for your EAAs, please make sure that they are very high quality and organic sources, that you have improved and balanced your microbiome and that you have optimized your digestion, absorption and metabolic pathways.

For those of you who do not yet have an efficient way to extract amino acids OR for those who simply understand that high performance requires more nutrients that you can extract from food…

We bring to you Thot L-Methionine – the best methionine in the world!

3. L-Methionine’s FUNCTIONS in the Human Body

3.2.1 L-Methionine helps in PROTEIN SYNTHESIS

Protein synthesis is a vital process that involves the creation of new proteins from amino acids. L-Methionine helps protein synthesis by being a starting amino acid in the production of proteins.

Now, things get a little hazy related to the role of L-Methionine in anti-aging and longevity. But, since we love to bust nutritional myths, I will decode & debug what is known and deliver to you a more comprehensive understanding about L-Methionine and its importance in longevity.

Some studies showed that L-Methionine might be responsible with a decrease in the longevity^[5]. This statement is based on the fact that L-Methionine is shown to activate the mTORC1 pathway. We know that autophagy is good for longevity.

mTORC1 (mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1) is a key regulator of cell growth and metabolism, and it senses nutrient availability, energy levels, and growth signals. When activated, mTORC1 promotes anabolic processes such as protein synthesis and inhibits catabolic processes, including autophagy.

Based on this type of discoveries, some conclusions say that L-Methionine restriction improves longevity (since less L-Methionine is obviously beneficial for autophagy). However, as always, we challenge you to see the big picture: everything is cyclical. There is no other way. It is day and night, awake and asleep, effort and rest, eating and fasting, in and out, on and off. You get the point…

Well, it is the same when we talk about metabolic processes: there is an anabolic phase (building phase) and there is a catabolic phase (autophagy phase). Longevity and regeneration need both metabolic processes in order for it to happen. It is not L-Methionine’s fault that most humans are overeating and a lot of disease come together with this bad habit. In these cases, autophagy might be more needed than anabolic processes (for a while!), but in healthy individuals and when getting back to a balanced lifestyle, the anabolic phase is just as important as autophagy.

Therefore, when the body needs to be in an anabolic phase in order to synthesize new cells, tissues and molecules, L-Methionine is a key element. The secret is to use it smartly and in a balanced way.

There haven’t been much studies done in humans (yet!) to measure the actual growth experienced after supplementing with L-Methionine. The information we have is mostly based on the studied mechanisms at a molecular level. However, in fish, methionine levels enhanced muscle growth by regulating nutrient deposition, muscle fiber development (myogenesis), type I collagen production, and related signaling molecules^{^[6]}.

All of these functions and especially the property of being most of the time the starting amino acid, make L-Methionine vital for multiple body systems and processes.

3.2.2 L-Methionine regulates GENE EXPRESION

The regulation of gene expression is a complex process involving multiple factors, including transcription factors, epigenetic modifications, and various signaling pathways.

While other amino acids do not usually have a direct role in the control of gene expression at the molecular level, in the genetic code, the methionine codon is the most common “start” codon – the one responsible for signaling protein synthesis initiation.

Protein synthesis needs several steps. At first, the genetic information stored in the DNA is transcribed into messenger RNA (mRNA), a process called transcription. Then, the mRNA carries the instructions to the ribosomes, a process called translation.

In the ribosomes, the initiation of protein synthesis starts with methionine as the first amino acid. This positions it as essential for forming polypeptide chains that later fold into functional proteins.

L-Methionine helps synthesize various structural and functional proteins like enzymes, hormones, structural proteins, transport proteins, cell receptors, immunity-related proteins, muscle proteins, repair proteins etc.

3.2.3 L-Methionine improves COMMUNICATION MECHANISMS essential in regeneration pathways

Communication between different areas of the body is crucial for the body to work well. Communication is even more important when we talk about the fine art of regeneration. Why is that? Well, because before talking and investing in regeneration processes, it is pretty obvious that a basic level of communication in the body is necessary.

Communication is the key. Communication management is crucial in every system, especially in biological systems.

Only then, when the basics are covered and the foundation is solid, we can move into refining the communication with very powerful, effective and specific instruments, like L-Methionine.

Now… how does this work, precisely?

Let’s recapitulate some of the basic principles. One important element is that of input-output balance. On the input side, the body needs energy material and boosting factors. On the output side, the body needs detox processes and… FUNCTIONAL FEEDBACK LOOPS, which, most of the time are not even considered!

Why is that? Well, if the body executes a biological program, there is a result, right? That result, whatever it is: a new protein, a waste product, an instruction… the body has to know if it is good or bad for it and it needs to know what to do with it, isn’t it so?

Yes, it is! Otherwise, which is the case in most diseases, dysfunctional proteins and toxic waste build up into our bodies and interrupt the proper functioning of biological pathways… OR the body starts to chaotically synthesize new proteins in order to regenerate, but not the right ones! So a feedback mechanism is absolutely needed.

This is THE ONLY WAY for the body to KNOW WHAT to REPAIR!

In this feedback mechanism, L-Methionine is not doing the job “personally”, but the job cannot be done without it. L-Methionine is involved in facilitating the information transfer from the body to the receptors in the brain.

L-Methionine, through SAM-e, promotes the synthesis of muscarinic receptors in the brain. These are Acetylcholine (Ach) receptors and are part of the G-protein coupled receptors family, the ones responsible with intercellular communication. The Sulphur present in L-Methionine’s structure might be the one responsible for this.

One study on mice showed that by receiving SAM-e, the muscarinic receptors levels was restored at the levels found in young specimens^{^[7]}. Therefore, L-Methionine is an important co-factor in muscarinic receptors activity.

With improved feedback, it is very obvious that all the metabolic pathways are now running better and at a higher speed. Higher speed means higher regenerations rate.

And now we give you a very important key in regeneration and longevity: most of the people involved in anti-aging industry are trying to fight aging and those who accepted the process are now oriented towards a “well-aging” concept. No one is better than the other.

The key is actually in accelerating the regeneration processes, not in slowing down the metabolic processes. In other words, you cannot really prevent aging, but you can regenerate faster. Look at kids how fast their bodies recover! Why? Because they have an accelerated metabolism.

And this accelerated regeneration rate depends on optimized pathways and flawless communication.

3.2.4 L-Methionine offers powerful ANTIOXIDANT SUPPORT & DETOX

L-Methionine is a precursor to L-Cysteine, another amino acid crucial for glutathione synthesis. By maintaining cysteine levels, L-Methionine ensures a consistent supply of raw materials for antioxidant production, especially giving the fact that L-Cysteine is known as the limiting amino acid for glutathione synthesis.

L-Methionine is, therefore, a precursor to glutathione, one of the body’s most powerful antioxidants. Glutathione neutralizes free radicals and prevents cellular damage.

This process is particularly important for liver health, as glutathione plays a significant role in detoxification and protecting cells from the impact of toxins, mostly present in filtering organs like liver, kidneys and lungs.

Apart from glutathione formation, L-Methionine donates Sulphur to many molecules and enzymes involved in antioxidant defense, so glutathione is not the only one involved, but it is the most powerful and famous.

L-Methionine is also used to produce S-adenosylmethionine (SAMe), which contributes to the repair and protection of cells from oxidative damage through various methylation reactions – we will approach this part separately in the next part.

One study demonstrates that L-Methionine protects against oxidative stress and restores mitochondrial activity in Parkinson’s Disease cells, thus showing a neuroprotective role of this amino acid^[8].

3.2.5 L-Methionine is responsible for METHYLATION PROCESSES

L-Methionine participates in methylation processes through its conversion into S-adenosylmethionine (SAMe).

SAMe is a naturally occurring compound formed when the amino acid methionine binds to an ATP molecule. It is present in nearly every cell of the body, playing a vital role in methylation processes that regulate gene expression, neurotransmitter synthesis, and other metabolic functions.

SAMe acts as a universal methyl group donor. During this process, the methyl group from SAMe is transferred to various molecules, such as DNA, proteins and lipids, facilitating essential cellular reactions.

This methyl group transfer helps regulate gene expression, DNA repair and cellular signaling. By donating methyl groups, SAMe derived from L-Methionine supports the maintenance of DNA stability, neurotransmitter synthesis, and various metabolic pathways vital for overall health and proper bodily function.

SAMe is also known for helping with joint health and mobility and it is often used in cases of depression and anxiety. However, if you are taking prescription antidepressant medications, consult your physician before using this product. Individual with bipolar (manic) depression should not use this product unless under medical supervision^[9].

3.2.6 L-Methionine helps in FAT METABOLISM

L-Methionine helps in fat metabolism via its metabolite, SAMe. SAMe plays a significant role in transferring methyl groups to various substrates, including DNA, proteins, and lipids.

This process of methylation is essential for regulating enzymes that control lipid metabolism. For example, SAMe is involved in the synthesis of phosphatidylcholine (lecithin), a key component in lipid transport and metabolism. This happens through methylation of phosphatidylethanolamine.

The methylation processes facilitated by SAMe can activate or deactivate specific enzymes that influence both the synthesis and breakdown of lipids. This regulation helps maintain balanced levels of triglycerides and cholesterol in the body, which are critical for energy production and storage.

Lecithin is crucial for emulsifying and breaking down fats in the liver. It helps prevent fat accumulation and supports the liver’s ability to process and clear excess lipids. This function is essential for preventing conditions like non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.

Phosphatidylcholine is a key component of bile, aiding in the emulsification and absorption of dietary fats in the intestines. This role ensures efficient fat digestion and uptake of fat-soluble vitamins.

SAMe’s involvement in these biochemical pathways supports the breakdown of fatty acids into smaller units that can be used by cells for energy production (beta-oxidation).

Effective fat metabolism supported by phosphatidylcholine helps maintain energy balance, supports weight management, and prevents lipid disorders.

3.2.7 L-Methionine supports BRAIN HEALTH and MOOD ENHANCEMENT

SAM-e is essential for neuroplasticity, where it supports the formation of myelin to insulate and protect axons, while also enhancing the fluidity of brain cell membranes. This improvement in membrane flexibility boosts the performance of neuroreceptors.

In terms of neurotransmitter production, SAM-e is involved in the synthesis of important chemicals like acetylcholine, dopamine, serotonin, and norepinephrine. This function helps regulate mood, manage behavior, and foster emotional balance.

As a neuroprotectant, SAM-e contributes to the generation of glutathione, a powerful antioxidant, through transsulfuration. It stabilizes cell membranes and aids in bile secretion. Additionally, SAM-e undergoes aminopropylation to form methylthioadenosine, an antioxidant with anti-inflammatory and pain-relieving effects.

SAM-e increases the number of muscarinic receptors in key brain areas, especially the hippocampus, supporting cellular communication. The brain has two types of acetylcholine (ACh) receptors: nicotinic and muscarinic, both vital for cognitive function.

Muscarinic receptors function through a unique mechanism, distinct from other receptors. Supplementing with L-Methionine or SAM-e can enhance muscarinic receptors in the brain, boosting neuroplasticity and improving learning, memory, mood, and sensory functions like smell and vision^[10].

Yes, we are talking here about the same feedback loop that we have previously exposed: the brain is able to accurately receive and process the information that arrives at this center and to respond properly. This way, L-Methionine facilitates the information transfer not only in the brain, but also in conscience.

3.2.8 L-Methionine may help reduce INFLAMMATION and PAIN

L-Methionine may also help in inflammation and pain via its most known and studied metabolite.

SAM-e is also a powerful pain reliever. In a study on 56 people with knee arthritis, one group was given the COX-2 inhibitor Celebrex, while the other received SAM-e for 16 weeks. The results showed that SAM-e was as effective as Celebrex in reducing pain, but without the potential risks of heart attack or stroke that can be associated with Celebrex use^[11].

3.2.9 L-Methionine helps maintain CARDIOVASCULAR HEALTH

We already know that L-Methionine is involved in fat metabolism and in the synthesis of phosphatidylcholine (lecithin). Lecithin is a major component of lipoproteins, such as very-low-density lipoproteins (VLDL), known as “the bad cholesterol”, but this is when it is too much in the blood. VLDL transports triglycerides and cholesterol through the bloodstream. This ensures that fats are efficiently mobilized and delivered to tissues for energy production or storage.

Lecithin also contributes to the production of high-density lipoprotein (HDL), known as “good cholesterol.” HDL helps remove excess cholesterol from the bloodstream and transport it to the liver for excretion, reducing the risk of plaque buildup in arteries and cardiovascular disease.

These mechanisms, coupled with the antioxidant effect, makes L-Methionine useful for the cardiovascular system.

4. MEDICAL USES for L-Methionine

Although this article is not about medical advice of any kind, although the purpose of this article is in educating the people towards a healthy lifestyle, which naturally prevents disease, we cannot ignore the fact that nutrients like L-Methionine and the others have been discovered to have some medical uses. L-Methionine, the natural form of the amino acid lysine, has several recognized therapeutic applications. These are the main ones:

4.1. L-Methionine in DEPRESSION, ANXIETY & STRESS

L-Methionine is commonly used as a dietary supplement to manage depression. L-methionine is converted in the body to SAMe^[12], which has antidepressant properties, by being an important methyl donor involved in numerous biochemical reactions, including those in the brain.

Researchers found that high homocysteine levels could be linked to depression, particularly when caused by folate deficiency, issues with methylation (SAM-e), or problems with neurotransmitter metabolism. They suggested that treating depression with vitamin supplements (B6, b12 and folate) or SAM-e could be beneficial^[13].

SAMe is involved in the synthesis and breakdown of serotonin, dopamine, and norepinephrine. These neurotransmitters are crucial for stabilizing mood and enhancing feelings of well-being and pleasure.

SAMe also supports the methylation of membrane phospholipids, which can modulate the fluidity of cell membranes and influence neurotransmitter receptor function. This enhances the efficacy of neurotransmission.

Compared to some antidepressant medications, SAMe has been reported to have fewer adverse effects, making it a safer option for some individuals seeking to manage depression naturally. While antidepressants often take 6 to 8 weeks to show effects, SAM-e may provide benefits more rapidly^[14].

Studies mapped the brain using EEG-ERP technology: an event-related potential (ERP) using electroencephalography (EEG). This study identified SAMe as an antidepressant^[15]. Other researches revealed that SAMe monotherapyshould be considered as a treatment option for patients with depression^[16].

To cope with stress, your brain adjusts the activity of “immediate-early genes” in the hippocampus, a region important for learning and memory. Stress triggers epigenetic changes, such as DNA methylation, which reduces the activity of these genes.

SAM-e supports this process by acting as a methyl donor for the enzyme that modifies DNA. When SAM-e levels are adequate, stress doesn’t cause DNA de-methylation. Instead, it promotes gene methylation, reducing their activity and helping your brain adapt to stress more effectively^[17].

4.2. L-Methionine in FIBROMYALGIA

Fibromyalgia is a chronic condition that causes widespread pain, tenderness, fatigue, sleep problems, and issues like “brain fog”. Other symptoms can include headaches, irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), and anxiety or depression.

The exact cause isn’t fully understood but may involve how the brain processes pain, genetics, and triggers like stress or injury. Diagnosis is based on symptoms lasting at least three months and ruling out other conditions.

While there’s no cure, some treatments, physical therapy, stress management, and regular exercise can help manage symptoms and improve quality of life.

SAM-e has been found to be both effective and safe for managing fibromyalgia. It offers a promising treatment option for reducing pain and improving overall well-being in individuals with this condition^[18].

The mechanism through which L-Methionine or SAM-e is able to help in fibromyalgia is probably that of the feedback loop. By improving this mechanism, it is possible for the brain to process more accurately the signals from the body, including pain, and to manage them properly.

4.3. L-Methionine in LIVER DISEASE

SAMe helps in liver disease^[19]. S-adenosylmethionine (SAMe) is no longer seen just as a methyl donor but also as an important metabolite that regulates liver cell growth, death, and development. More studies are needed to understand the full metabolism, but, so far, it is known that SAMe deficiency and improper metabolism are associated with liver disease.

A methionine-deficient diet is often used to create models of chronic liver disease (CLD). Changes in key enzymes involved in methionine metabolism are strongly linked to fibrosis and liver cancer. Recently, methionine supplementation has gained attention from clinical researchers, with most agreeing that proper methionine levels can help reduce liver damage^[20].

4.4. L-Methionine in ACETAMENOPHEN POISONING

Standard treatment of Acetaminophen (Paracetamol) overdose is acetyl cysteine (NAC). Ingestion of less than 75 mg/kg is unlikely to lead to hepatotoxicity. However, there are cases of hepatotoxicity with therapeutic doses of paracetamol.

Hepatotoxicity appears due to the fact that paracetamol is firstly metabolized in the liver and it is perceived by the body as a toxic substance, even if it has some beneficial effects in some health conditions.

By being a toxic substance, it consumes the glutathione reserves in the liver, and, in overdose cases, the liver cannot regenerate the glutathione levels as fast as they are consumed, eventually leading to organ failure. NAC, by being a precursor to glutathione, is administered to spare and regenerate the glutathione deposits.

Now we know that L-Methionine is a glutathione precursor as well. Some studies say that methionine compared with usual care Methionine may be more effective at reducing hepatotoxicity in people with paracetamol poisoning^[21].

Others say that intravenous acetyl cysteine is more effective than methionine at preventing liver damage in patients after paracetamol overdose^[22].

What is pretty obvious is that even oral L-Methionine is helpful in cases of paracetamol poisoning.

4.5. L-Methionine in CANCER

L-Methionine has been proven to have beneficial effects in reducing the growth of cancer cells^[23]. This is most probably related to its antioxidant effects, but might as well be related to the gene expression regulation.

There have been some beneficial effects in liver cancer^[24], colorectal cancer^[25] and pancreatic cancer^[26].

However, this is a wide and complex area and more studies need to be made in order to consider L-Methionine as part of the treatment.

4.6. L-Methionine in BIRTH DEFECTS

We know by bow that L-Methionine is very important in protein synthesis, more specifically in starting the protein synthesis. This important role makes L-Metionine indispensable for normal growth and development.

L-Methionine has been studied and has been proven to be beneficial in cases of neural tube defects, like anencephaly or spina bifida^[27] ^[28], birth defects where the skull or spine and spinal cord don’t form properly, leading to varying degrees of physical and neurological challenges depending on the severity.

Women who consumed more than 1.34 g/day of methionine (above the lowest intake levels) had a 30–40% lower risk of pregnancies affected by neural tube defects, including anencephaly and spina bifida^[29].

4.7. L-Methionine for URINE ACIDITY

L-Methionine is found together with D-Methionine in drug called Racemethionine. This drug is often used for its property to acidify the urine^[30].

Body liquids have a certain specific pH. It is 7.35-7.45 for the blood. The normal urine pH typically ranges from 4.5 to 8.0, with an average value around 6.0. In normal conditions, the body manages to regulate the blood’s and the urine’s pH, which usually are related: when one rises, the other rises and vice versa.

However, when the body’s compensatory mechanisms cease, external solutions for balancing the pH levels are required. For increasing urine’s acidity, Racemetionine is one option.

4.8. L-Methionine in HAIR, NAILS & SKIN HEALTH

Last, but not least, L-Methionine contributes to the maintenance of the healthy structure of hair, nails and skin. It also prevents hair loss and degradation.

So, when the rest of the body is well, let’s not ignore the importance of beauty in our lives. We all know how stress can influence our appearance! The hair and the nails are an outside reflection of how we process the stress internally.

Do not ignore the signs and give the body all the nutrients it needs in order to be capable of processing all the life situations we go through.

Together with L-Cysteine, L-Methionine helps improve the conditions of hair and nails. They help support the hair’s vitality, strength, growth and shine and help fragile nails^[31].

The beauty industry knows these benefits and uses these two amino acids as ingredients in supplements known as “nutricosmetics” or “nutraceuticals” for beautiful skin, hair and nails.

A case of an 8-year-old girl with brittle, short and sparse hair, had a normal Cystine content but is completely out of Methionine. This led to the question if the lack of Methionine is responsible for this hair condition. It is well known that Cysteine is synthesized from Methionine, but not vice-versa. So even if Cysteine as an antioxidant is in normal levels, Methionine has to be taken from somewhere…

Studies show that, when knowing the mechanisms of oxidative stress, hair greying could be, at least temporarily, reversible^[32] and methionine metabolism is involved in both graying and coloring hair^[33].

While L-Methionine has shown promise in these areas, larger and more high-quality research is needed to establish its effectiveness and determine optimal dosages. Please consult with a healthcare professional before starting L-Methionine supplementation.

5. L-Methionine – KEY ELEMENTS

5.1. The Source – WHY is our L-Methionine no.1 in the world?

THE SOURCE of the supplement. Thot L-Methionine is pure, with the least possible additives and the label matching the actual product.
Thot L-Methionine is manufactured by the best producers in the world: we bring Japan’s quality to you. with
Instant absorption and utilization. No digestion needed (just dissolving) and no metabolizing needed (already folded properly).
Thot L-Methionine is soluble; very easily absorbed and used by the body.
Thot L-Methionine is orthomolecular. This means it is properly folded to the left, without putting pressure on the liver to transform it before usage.
Thot L-Methionine is plant-based. Thot Nutrition understands the natural life chain. All 9 essential amino acids are extracted through biosynthesis, directly from plants, just as grass-fed animals do it for us, BUT avoiding all the unnecessary effects of meat consumption. Pure, optimized and carefully formulated by Bralgei Shackry(www.bralgei.com ).
Thot L-Methionine has a very low molecule. It can get to places other amino acid products cannot.
In addition to that, our L-Methionine is high density, so you have more molecules per dose than all the products currently available on the market.

Test Japan’s quality via our state of art products.

YOU deserve the best.

5.2. L-Methionine – the “go-to” amino acid for REGENERATION

To sum up all of the above (which, let’s face it… it’s something worth considering!!!), you now know that L-Methionine is good for

anti-aging and regeneration

for your mood and brain health

for your liver & your pancreas

your normal development and recovery and…

last but not least: for your beautiful hair and nails; this fundamental supplement is also aiming to boost your confidencewhen going out into the wild, wild world…

We hope we made you at least interested with our new product, Thot L-Methionine, if not yet a fan! Let us know more after testing it.

We bring to you Thot L-Methionine – the best methionine in the world!

6. L-Methionine – RECOMMENDATION & POSOLOGY

6.1. Doses

According to EFSA (European Food Safety Administration)^[34], L-Methionine supplements are reported as safe for administration. The recommended daily intake of L-Methionine can vary depending on a person’s age, sex, weight, and activity level.

L-Methionine supplements are usually available in capsules and tablets. The dosage can vary depending on the individual’s needs and goals. According to EFSA, the daily required dosage for adults is 10.4 mg/kg/day. This is equivalent to 624 mg/day for 60 kg bodyweight and 832 mg/day for 80 kg bodyweight.

Some researchers suggest that people should consider taking double the recommended amount because the studies used to set the current intake have certain limitations. Older adults often have low methionine intake, and research suggests they may need 2 to 3 grams per day for optimal health^[35].

L-Methionine restriction may lead to bone-related disorders, stunted growth, and hyperhomocysteinemia, proper dietary supplementation of methionine improves hepatic steatosis, insulin resistance, inflammation, fibrosis, and bone health^[36].

Studies show that in relatively healthy adult people, amino acids are generally well tolerated. The upper intake levels for methionine^[37] (maximum dose) are as follows:

the no-observed-adverse-effect-level (NOAEL) is 3.2 g/day
the lowest-observed-adverse-effect-level (LOAEL) is 6.4 g/day

We recommend sticking to the lower value, if ever needed this much 

6.2. Toxicity

Too much methionine can lead to hyperhomocysteinemia, but only in the cases of Vitamin B12 deficiency, a vitamin that can naturally downregulate high levels of homocysteine. Too much homocysteine can reduce body weight, and increased cholesterol levels.

In case you are MTHFR deficient (see Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase Deficiency), make sure you take Vitamin B12 in a methylated form.

Some sources say it can become toxic when ingested in more than 4% of the protein^[38]. However, increasing intake by up to 100% doesn’t seem to impact homocysteine levels in healthy adults who don’t have vitamin deficiencies^[39].

SAMe is a methyl donor in almost all known biological methylations. When SAMe loses its methyl group, it forms homocysteine. With adequate vitamin B12, B6, folate, and trimethylglycine (TMG, betaine), the body can convert homocysteine to glutathione or remethylate it to methionine^{^[40]}.

It is important to understand that, for every nutrient, the body has extraordinary compensatory mechanisms to prevent the augmented effects of the excess nutrient. This does not mean we should abuse and stress our body needlessly.

You need to understand that there is almost always a solution to ease or prevent unwanted situation. In this particular care, the addition of B6, B12 & folate helps in preventing the unwanted effect: homocysteine accumulation.

It is also possible that caffeine could prevent the negative effects of homocysteine accumulation in the brain due to its antioxidant and neuroprotective effects^[41].

If these last two processes don’t take place, homocysteine accumulates in the body, leading to hyperhomocysteinemia. This is important to cardiovascular health, as hypomethylation together with hyperhomocysteinemia is responsible for lipid accumulation in tissues.

Decreased methyl groups will mess with the synthesis of phosphatidylcholine^[42], responsible for synthesis and transport of HDL – “the good cholesterol”, and for supporting the liver to metabolize fats efficiently, preventing fat accumulation and reducing the production of LDL – “the bad cholesterol”.

Homocysteine is also known to negatively affect the endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells of blood vessels, leading to changes in the structure and function of the arteries. However, homocysteine can be influenced by diet and exercise^[43]. And don’t forget about the B vitamins!

In healthy adults, 8 grams of L-methionine daily for four days lowered folate levels in the blood and increased white blood cell count. A daily dose of 13.9 grams for five days led to changes in blood pH, potassium levels, and increased calcium in the urine.

In people with schizophrenia, taking 10 to 20 grams daily for two weeks caused symptoms of psychosis. In patients with liver cirrhosis, a single 8-gram dose triggered symptoms of encephalopathy (a type of brain dysfunction)^[44]. Combining Methionine with Levodopa may reduce the effectiveness of Levodopa therapy.

These above are very large doses of L-Methionine. Taking L-Methionine can be very helpful and/or very tricky when not taking into consideration all the data. We recommend working with a specialist. Meanwhile, please consult our tables below.

L-Methionine supplements should not be used as a substitute for a healthy diet. It is best to consume L-Methionine as part of a well-balanced diet that includes all the 9 essential amino acids, as formulated in Thot Aminos, together with whole and healthy foods. Recommended doses of essential amino acids for adults (WHO/FAO/UNU, 2007)

Amino acid	mg/kg x d^-1	70 kg adult
Leucine	39.00	2,730.00
Valine	26.00	1,820.00
Izoleucine	20.00	1,400.00
Lysine	30.00	2,100.00
phenilalanine + Tyrosine	25.00	1,750.00
Threonine	15.00	1,050.00
Methionine + Cysteine	10.40 + 4.1	728.00
Histidine	10.00	700.00
Triptofan	4.00

Recommended doses for essential amino acids infants, children and adolescents (WHO/FAO/UNU, 2007)

	0.5 years		1-2 years		3-10 years		11-14 years		15-18 years
Amino acid	mg/kg x d^-1	pe copil 5 kg	mg/kg x d^-1	pe copil 12 kg	mg/kg x d^-1	pe copil 23 kg	mg/kg x d^-1	pe copil 43 kg	mg/kg x d^-1	pe copil 61 kg
Leucine	73.00	365.00	54.00	648.00	44.00	1,012.00	44.00	1,892.00	42.00	2,562.00
Valine	49.00	245.00	36.00	432.00	29.00	667.00	29.00	1,247.00	28.00	1,708.00
Izoleucine	36.00	180.00	27.00	324.00	23.00	529.00	22.00	946.00	21.00	1,281.00
Lysine	64.00	320.00	45.00	540.00	35.00	805.00	35.00	1,505.00	33.00	2,013.00
phenilalanine + Tyrosine	59.00	295.00	40.00	480.00	30.00	690.00	30.00	1,290.00	28.00	1,708.00
Threonine	34.00	170.00	23.00	276.00	18.00	414.00	18.00	774.00	17.00	1,037.00
Methionine + Cysteine	31.00	155.00	22.00	264.00	18.00	414.00	17.00	731.00	16.00	976.00
Histidine	22.00	110.00	15.00	180.00	12.00	276.00	12.00	516.00	11.00	671.00
Triptofan	9.50	47.50	6.40	76.80	4.80	110.40	4.80	206.40	4.50	274.50

*L-Methionine is more effectively used if taken on an empty stomach, at least 30 minutes away from meals or snacks. It does not require digestion, only dissolution. It has a very small size and is absorbed directly into the blood, is orthomolecular and does not require metabolism, being ready for use. **Essential amino acids have NO contraindications when used properly and L-Methionine is recognized at European level by EFSA as safe for administration. At very high doses (above 6 g/day), health imbalances may occur. The body does not produce them, they need to be taken from the outside and we need them all our lives. L-Methionine is an essential amino acid. For other recommendations, consult your doctor or therapist.

Now you know… You know almost all there is to know, for now, about L-Methionine. We do remind you that this is only one key element in the regeneration process, but a crucial one! In order to have the best results, we recommend you to contact a highly experienced nutrition specialist. This way you know from the very beginning what is the best strategy for your body’s regeneration and you will save a lot of time – the most precious resource we have.

Thank you very much for reading this article and for enjoying our products!

If you have any questions, please feel free to contact us at: office@thotnutrition.com

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^[2] Wood, J.M. et al. Senile hair graying: H₂O₂-mediated oxidative stress affects human hair color by blunting methionine sulfoxide repair. The FASEB Journal, 23: 2065-2075.

^[3] Building blocks of life and nutrition – What are essential amino acids?

^[4] M. Friedman. NUTRITION | Effects of Food Processing. Encyclopedia of Grain Science, 2004.

^[5] Kitada M, Ogura Y, Monno I, Koya D. The impact of dietary protein intake on longevity and metabolic health. EBioMedicine. 2019 May;43:632-640.

^[6] Fang C-C, Feng L, Jiang W-D, et al. Effects of dietary methionine on growth performance, muscle nutritive deposition, muscle fibre growth and type I collagen synthesis of on-growing grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella). British Journal of Nutrition. 2021;126(3):321-336.

^[7] Muccioli G., Scordamaglia A., Bertacco S., Di Carlo R. “Effect of S-adenosyl-L-methionine on brain muscarinic receptors of aged rats.”European Journal of Pharmacology. 1992 Nov 2;227(3):293-9.

^[8] Catanesi M et al. L-Methionine Protects against Oxidative Stress and Mitochondrial Dysfunction in an In Vitro Model of Parkinson’s Disease. Antioxidants (Basel). 2021 Sep 15;10(9):1467.

^[9] EFSA – Food and Feed Information Portal Database – L-Methionine / Methionine

^[10] David Tomen. SAM-e. Nootropic Expert website.

^[11] Najm WI, Reinsch S, Hoehler F, Tobis JS, Harvey PW. S-adenosyl methionine (SAMe) versus celecoxib for the treatment of osteoarthritis symptoms: a double-blind cross-over trial. [ISRCTN36233495]. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2004 Feb 26;5:6.

^[12] Reynolds EH, Carney MW, Toone BK. Methylation and mood. Lancet. 1984 Jul 28;2(8396):196-8.

^[13] Bottiglieri T., Laundy M., Crellin R., Toone B.K., Carney M.W., Reynolds E.H. Homocysteine, folate, methylation, and monoamine metabolism in depression.Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry. 2000 Aug;69(2):228-32.

^[14] Kagan BL, Sultzer DL, Rosenlicht N, Gerner RH. Oral S-adenosylmethionine in depression: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Am J Psychiatry. 1990 May;147(5):591-5.

^[15] Saletu B, Anderer P, Di Padova C, Assandri A, Saletu-Zyhlarz GM. Electrophysiological neuroimaging of the central effects of S-adenosyl-L-methionine by mapping of electroencephalograms and event-related potentials and low-resolution brain electromagnetic tomography. Am J Clin Nutr. 2002 Nov;76(5):1162S-71S.

^[16]^[16] Limveeraprajak N, Nakhawatchana S, Visukamol A, Siripakkaphant C, Suttajit S, Srisurapanont M. Efficacy and acceptability of S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAMe) for depressed patients: A systematic review and meta- analysis. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. 2024 Jun 8;132:110985.

^[17] Saunderson EA, Spiers H, Mifsud KR, Gutierrez-Mecinas M, Trollope AF, Shaikh A, Mill J, Reul JM. Stress-induced gene expression and behavior are controlled by DNA methylation and methyl donor availability in the dentate gyrus. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2016 Apr 26;113(17):4830-5.

^[18] Tavoni A, Vitali C, Bombardieri S, Pasero G. Evaluation of S-adenosylmethionine in primary fibromyalgia. A double-blind crossover study. Am J Med. 1987 Nov 20;83(5A):107-10.

^[19] Mato JM, Lu SC. Role of S-adenosyl-L-methionine in liver health and injury. Hepatology. 2007 May;45(5):1306-12.

^[20] Li Z, Wang F, Liang B, et al. Methionine metabolism in chronic liver diseases: an update on molecular mechanism and therapeutic implication. Signal Transduct Target Ther. 2020;5(1):280.

^[21] Park BK, Dear JW, Antoine DJ. Paracetamol (acetaminophen) poisoning. BMJ Clin Evid. 2015 Oct 19;2015:2101.

^[22] Alsalim W, Fadel M. Towards evidence based emergency medicine: best BETs from the Manchester Royal Infirmary. Oral methionine compared with intravenous n-acetyl cysteine for paracetamol overdose. Emerg Med J. 2003 Jul;20(4):366-7.

^[23] Wanders D, Hobson K, Ji X. Methionine restriction and cancer biology. Nutrients. 2020;12(3):684.

^[24] Tripodi F, Badone B, Vescovi M, et al. Methionine supplementation affects metabolism and reduces tumor aggressiveness in liver cancer cells. Cells. 2020;9(11):2491.

^[25] Kune G, Watson L. Colorectal cancer protective effects and the dietary micronutrients folate, methionine, vitamins B6, B12, C, E, selenium, and lycopene. Nutr Cancer. 2006;56(1):11-21.

^[26] Benavides MA, et al. L-Methionine inhibits growth of human pancreatic cancer cells. Anticancer Drugs. 2014 Feb;25(2):200-3.

^[27] Sadhukhan S, Maity S, Chakraborty S, et al. Molecular insight into the effect of a single-nucleotide polymorphic variation on the structure and dynamics of methionine synthase reductase and its association with neural tube defects. ACS Omega. 2021;6(40):26372-26380.

^[28] Graham A, Brender JD, Sharkey JR, et al. Dietary methionine intake and neural tube defects in Mexican-American women. Birth Defects Res A Clin Mol Teratol. 2010;88(6):451-457.

^[29] Institute of Medicine. 2005. Dietary Reference Intakes for Energy, Carbohydrate, Fiber, Fat, Fatty Acids, Cholesterol, Protein, and Amino Acids. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.

^[30] Mayo Clinic – Methionine (oral route).

^[31] EFSA – Food and Feed Information Portal Database – L-Methionine / Methionine

^[32] https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8219384/

^[33] Schallreuter KU, Salem MM, Hasse S, Rokos H. The redox–biochemistry of human hair pigmentation. Pigment Cell Melanoma Res. 2011 Feb;24(1):51-62.

^[34] EFSA – Safety and efficacy of l‐methionine produced by fermentation with Corynebacterium glutamicum KCCM 80184 and Escherichia coli KCCM 80096 for all animal species

^[35] Nimni ME, Han B, Cordoba F. Are we getting enough sulfur in our diet? Nutr Metab (Lond). 2007 Nov 6;4:24.

^[36] Navik U et al. Methionine as a double-edged sword in health and disease: Current perspective and future challenges. Ageing Res Rev. 2021 Dec;72:101500.

^[37] Elango R. Tolerable Upper Intake Level for Individual Amino Acids in Humans: A Narrative Review of Recent Clinical Studies. Adv Nutr. 2023 Jul;14(4):885-894.

^[38] J. Amaya-Farfan, M.T. Bertoldo Pacheco. AMINO ACIDS | Properties and Occurrence. Encyclopedia of Food Sciences and Nutrition (Second Edition), 2003.

^[39] Ward M, McNulty H, Pentieva K, McPartlin J, Strain JJ, Weir DG, Scott JM. Fluctuations in dietary methionine intake do not alter plasma homocysteine concentration in healthy men. J Nutr. 2000 Nov;130(11):2653-7.

^[40] Chao CL, Chien KL, Lee YT. Effect of short-term vitamin (folic acid, vitamins B6 and B12) administration on endothelial dysfunction induced by post-methionine load hyperhomocysteinemia. Am J Cardiol. 1999 Dec 1;84(11):1359-61, A8.

^[41] Alzoubi, K.H., Mhaidat, N.M., Obaid, E.A. et al. Caffeine Prevents Memory Impairment Induced by Hyperhomocysteinemia. J Mol Neurosci 66, 222–228 (2018).

^[42] R. Jaffe. Cardioprotective Nutrients. Bioactive Food as Dietary Interventions for Cardiovascular Disease, 2013.

^[43] Ganguly P, Alam SF. Role of homocysteine in the development of cardiovascular disease. Nutr J. 2015 Jan 10;14:6.

^[44] DrugBank Online – Methionine

Thot Leptin RX – The Eloquent Solution to Losing Weight in 2024 (World Premiere Formula)

ThotNutrition2025 — Wed, 10 Apr 2024 18:40:34 +0000

Table of Contents

Synopsis. 2

Introduction. 3

Weight Gain and Obesity. 5

Leptin and Leptin Rx. 5

What is leptin and what does leptin do?. 5

What is leptin resistance (Leptin Rx)?. 6

How do you know you have Leptin resistance (Leptin Rx)?. 7

Our Solution: Thot Leptin Rx. 8

Thot Leptin Rx: The formula. 8

Part I: Leptin Rx optimization. 9

1. Acetyl-L-Carnitine HCL. 10

2. L-Carnosine. 11

3. L-Taurine. 12

4. D-Ribose. 13

5. L-glutamic acid. 14

6. L-Cysteine. 15

7. L-Lysine monohydrochloride. 15

Part II: Burning booster and Metabolic enhancers – “the magic 4 combo”. 16

1. Ginger root extract 18

2. Black pepper extract 19

3. Cayenne pepper extract 21

4. Garlic extract 22

1. Green coffee bean extract 23

2. Garcinia cambogia extract 24

Part III: Energy support (antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and hypocholesterolemic agents) 25

1. Glycine. 25

2. L-Glutamine. 26

3. Ascorbic acid. 27

4. Black currant extract 28

5. Zinc oxide. 28

Benefits of Thot Leptin Rx. 29

Usage and Dosage. 29

Conclusion. 30

Synopsis to burn fat in 2024

We are offering an elegant and very advanced solution to losing weight. A world premiere formula that reactivates the natural burning cycle of the body and optimize brain to cell communication, acting as a specific nootropic.

Formulated by the nutritionist and biohacker Bralgei Shackry – aka – Gabriel Pesa

I offer this magic formula in an open source format. I believe that the world deserves this. The only condition that I require is this: Mention the creator/formulator (Bralgei Shackry aka Gabriel Pesa) and the source of information (Thot Nutrition).:.

Leptin Rx – The solution for Leptin resistance and fat burning mechanisms inhibition.

Thot Leptin RX by Gabriel Pesa aka Bralgei Shackry is licensed under Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International

PRODUCT NOTIFICATION

Notification certificate for Thot Leptin RX: National Institute for Public Health – Seria AC 4466/Nr: 1063/03.04.2024

The science may be overwhelming, but we will try to make it simple for you, since we have now one pill that does a multitude of tasks for the same end result – teach your body again how to burn fat and get healthy.

We have been looking in the wrong direction. Weight loss is a communication problem, and, as a species, we are faced with the same lesson at the cellular level.

It is one thing to have cell phones and available network for sharing info, and it is another thing to really communicate.

We do not know how to really communicate. Same lesson; different level. So let’s crack this open and solve it once and for good.

Leptin Rx – The solution for Leptin resistance and fat burning mechanisms inhibition.

World Premiere Formula

LEPTIN Rx

The first natural formula that helps you reclaim your metabolic burning rate and reclame your magic back.

18 natural ingredients – one pill.

SHOP

Thot Leptin Rx represents a breakthrough in the realm of weight management. Based on more than 30 years of experience in nutrition, biohacking and antiaging, and a meticulously crafted blend of 18 natural active ingredients, this dietary supplement represents a paradigm shift in the area of weight loss and brain optimization.

Unlike conventional approaches that focus solely on removing the excess fat or modifying the mechanisms that lead to fat accumulation, Thot Leptin Rx targets the true root cause: miscommunication within the body – between cells and the brain. In other words: the problem is not you, nor your diet or the fat on your hips and belly. The problem is not the way your cells or your organs work – all of these are the consequence of the faulty communication within your body!

As we all know now for sure: It’s not the sugar that is wrong, it’s the excess of it. The excess sugar is not burned. Instead, it is converted to fat, because the burning cycle is corrupted.
bralgei shackry

Through a multifaceted strategy, Thot Leptin Rx restores the energy balance in your body and helps you burn fat through three main mechanisms:

Firstly, it targets leptin resistance – which often makes it hard to lose weight, by helping the brain and the body become more sensitive to leptin, also known as “the satiety hormone”.
Secondly, it boosts the body’s fat-burning processes, making metabolism work better and faster. The more energy you have, the more fat you burn.
Thirdly, and most importantly, it restores and improves the energy for the communication pathways between the brain and the body, and between all cells, which promotes overall well-being.

The uniqueness of Thot Leptin Rx lies in taking the conventional weight management approaches to the next level of understanding. Rather than viewing weight gain as a cellular or organ-centric issue, the attention moves on the intercellular and brain-body communication obstacles.

By shifting the focus to this mechanism, Thot Leptin Rx changes the current weight loss paradigm and opens a door to new possibilities in weight loss research and practice and encourages new pathways to be explored and used to obtain and prolong health and wellness, in a holistic and integrative way.

Thot Leptin RX is not a magic pill, but it gives your magic back.
bralgei shackry

Leptin Rx – The solution for Leptin resistance and fat burning mechanisms inhibition.

Introduction to losing weight smart

Weight gain and obesity is a very complex situation to handle and has more than a few mechanisms involved. If weight management was easy to solve, this article wouldn’t have been written and this supplement wouldn’t have been created.

You cannot fool your cells with empty food for too long. In truth, many of fat and obese people are in fact starved at cellular level. It is a paradox and the medical community needs to wake up to reality.

Cells are undernourished. They are screaming for real food, and, on top of it, the “phone line” to the brain is dead and nobody listens (Leptin Rx) – if you understand my metaphor.

To have a deeper and larger understanding about hunger, please watch the following videos, recorded in Romanian language: Nimic nu bate foamea – Partea 1 (Nothing beats hunger – Part 1) and Nimic nu bate foamea – Partea a 2-a (Nothing beats hunger – Part 2).

Hunger is mostly acknowledged on the physical plane. But, make no mistake; if you have it on the physical, you have it on the emotional, mental and spiritual as well. So ask yourself: what is it that really feeds you?

For the ones who dare to work harder, to discover and to experience more, I invite you to join my exclusive Master Training Classes.

Basically, in order to transcend this hunger, first, you have to accept the hunger. Until you accept hunger, you will fight it. The question is: how much longer are you willing to fight with yourself? This is how leptin resistance feels like. And this acceptance involves two important elements:

you need to feel what you and your body really need
you need to be honest about what it is that you feel

You can only feel with your body. There isn’t any other instrument outside of your body. The body doesn’t lie. But, if your body is numbed and silenced for too long, can you trust it then? This is why it is so important, first and foremost, to restore the receptors and the communication within the body. Now you can feel it and trust it. Now you can feel and trust yourself again. Now you can choose for real.

Humanity has been living in hunger for too long. It is time to get out of there. It is time to thrive. It is time to love and to feel loved. But then again, first, you have to feel. Everyone knows hunger, fear and cold. It is time to get used to abundance, love and warmth. And each and every one of you can do it. Do it one step at a time, by starting with your cells.

It is possible and now we have all what we need. Do not push yourself more than necessary. But be honest with yourself, and that which you can do, do it! Every little gesture matters.

Changes on the physical plane will automatically reflect on more subtle planes.

Ideal weight is hard to maintain over time, due to lack of proper nutrients and waste accumulation, which, gradually, deteriorate the metabolic functions in the whole body. Therefore, in order to obtain a long-lasting result in losing weight, every one of these mechanisms should be approached and unlocked.

Most of the people trying to lose weight cover a few of these mechanisms and very little to none cover them all. This is what Thot Nutrition is all about. Every ingredient is carefully chosen for its precise role in regulating all of the mechanisms involved in weight management.

Leptin Rx – The solution for Leptin resistance and fat burning mechanisms inhibition.

Thot Leptin Rx is the only supplement on the market that covers all the mechanisms involved in weight management in just one pill.
bralgei shackry

One of the most important and overlooked mechanisms when it comes to losing weight is leptin resistance[1], also known in the medical world as „Leptin Rx”. This is where the name Thot Leptin Rx comes from. The full mechanism will be described in detail later in this article.

Thot Leptin Rx has a unique formula, based on more than 30 years of experience in nutrition, biohacking and antiaging, and contains no less than 18 active ingredients. This one-of-a-kind formula is designed to support weight loss and overcome leptin resistance.

The purpose of this article is to provide an in-depth overview of Thot Leptin Rx and its potential benefits for individuals struggling with overweight and obesity, a consequence of the metabolic disorders. The article will provide both the big picture and the details regarding this problem.

So… Let’s dive-in!

Weight Gain and Obesity

Obesity has become a global epidemic, with its prevalence steadily increasing over the past few decades. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), obesity has nearly tripled worldwide since 1975, with more than 1.9 billion adults considered overweight, and of these, over 650 million are obese. This alarming trend is not limited to adults, as childhood obesity rates have also risen significantly in recent years.

Obesity is a condition arising from a persistent mismatch between energy intake and expenditure, leading to a nutritional imbalance. This disorder is marked by inflammation affecting various cell types.

This condition increases the risk of serious health issueslike diabetes, heart disease, and cancer. Leptin resistance, a condition where the body becomes less responsive to the hormone leptin, is a major contributor to obesity.

Leptin and Leptin Rx

What is leptin and what does leptin do?

Leptin is a hormone which regulates appetite and metabolism. Leptin is produced mainly by fat cells and plays a crucial role in regulating appetite, metabolism, and energy balance.

When functioning correctly, leptin signals to the brain that the body has had enough to eat, that the body has stored enough energy and that it is ok to stop eating. Leptin is “the satiety hormone” and it reduces appetite.

The complementary hormone is called “ghrelin” and it is known as “the hunger hormone”, as it signals to the brain that the body needs to eat, thus stimulating appetite. Ghrelin is a hormone primarily produced by cells in the stomach and pancreas and it typically rises before meals and decreases after eating.

This hormone stimulates the release of growth hormone from the pituitary gland and activates brain regions that control appetite.

Basically, together, leptin and ghrelin maintain energy homeostasis and optimize metabolism in the body.

However, things are not always happening by the book, as is the case of leptin resistance (Leptin Rx) and this is happening when various problems start to occur in the body.

What is leptin resistance (Leptin Rx)?

In individuals with leptin resistance, the brain does not receive the signal from leptin, leading to increased hunger, reduced metabolism, and difficulty losing weight. So, although the body has enough stored energy, the brain is in a permanent state of hunger.

Why is that?

Scientists have studied this mechanism for years now. However, it is one of the mechanisms that needs further studies in order to be completely understood. One of the mechanisms involved is related to the leptin receptors – either they are dirty/defective or their regulation is not done properly. Restoring leptin receptors involves both cleaning the receptors and repairing them.

Leptin resistance often goes hand in hand with insulin resistance, another metabolic condition where the body’s cells become less responsive to insulin, a hormone that regulates blood sugar levels, by allowing the glucose to enter the cell. Insulin resistance can lead to high blood sugar levels, which, over time, can increase the risk of type 2 diabetes and other health problems.

There’s a complex relationship between leptin resistance and insulin resistance. Leptin resistance can contribute to insulin resistance by promoting inflammation and disrupting metabolic processes. On the other hand, insulin resistance can worsen leptin resistance by affecting the signaling pathways involved in leptin function.

Both conditions often coexist and can exacerbate each other, creating a vicious cycle that contributes to weight gain and metabolic dysfunction, but not necessarily. Some scientists say that, generally, leptin resistance precedes insulin resistance with 5-7 years. This means that, if detected early, leptin resistance can be reversed and insulin resistance can, therefore, be prevented. However, they can exist separately as well.

Leptin resistance, along with insulin resistance, can determine adrenal resistance. The body becomes, due to the permanent state of hunger, to be in a permanent state of alert. It is known that, in the alert state, cortisol, the stress hormone, is secreted in the adrenal glands. This permanent secretion of cortisol leads to adrenal exhaustion.

It is important to know, that, even if most of the leptin receptors are in the brain, there are some in other parts of the body as well. This being said, leptin can also modify insulin sensitivity in the muscle and liver. If the muscle is sensitive to leptin, the energy (glucose) is used properly – it enters the muscle and it is transformed in energy molecules (ATP). However, if the muscle is resistant to leptin, the energy is stored outside the muscle: either in the adipose tissue as fat or back in the liver as glycogen – and this is another path through which leptin resistance contributes to weight gain.

How do you know you have Leptin resistance (Leptin Rx)?

The diagnosis[2] of leptin resistance can be made clinically or by dosing the hormone “reverse T3” in the blood, but I will deepen this aspect a little later. Clinically, the symptoms that may occur are: obesity, increased appetite, craving for carbohydrates, chronic fatigue.

It’s just the body’s need to get proper food and nutrients. The body needs to be nourished and you cannot fool the cells for too long.

The lack of the right nutrients corrupts the body and triggers a “survival mode” in the whole organism. Proper nutrition manages to feed the cells and to pull it out of the state of siege.

To discover more about Leptin Rx and its mechanisms involved in metabolic disorders, we encourage you to read an article Ketogenic nutrition in metabolic imbalances. The article describes in detail what is leptin resistance and how all metabolic imbalances are related to this mechanism. It covers medical terms, the mechanism of action, the links between leptin and other hormones, organs and systems and, last but not least, it offers a basic approach, starting with a well-done ketogenic nutrition.

Ok, now you know you have it. The question is: what cand you do about it?

We can reverse it step by step, in a way similar to reverse engineering, due to the fact that we still don’t understand many of the complex mechanisms that drives the cells to adapt to hunger and to prolonged nutrient deprivation.

In the next section, we’ll explore how the new product Leptin Rx from Thot Nutrition targets leptin resistance, fat burning and effective communication in the body and how it supports weight loss.

We’ll discuss its unique formulation, how it works, and its potential benefits for people struggling with weight due to leptin and/or insulin resistance, low metabolism rate and miscommunication between the brain and the body and between all the cells.

In addition, we will offer other nutritional instruments to help you achieve your goal.

Our Solution: Thot Leptin Rx

Thot Leptin Rx is specifically formulated to address leptin resistance and promote effective weight loss, utilizing a combination of 18 active ingredients with scientifically proven efficacy in fat accumulation (the reason is more complex than we can comprehend now; we are just in the early stage of understanding these processes).

Each ingredient in Thot Leptin Rx contributes to its overall efficacy in supporting weight loss and improving leptin sensitivity, including enhancing metabolism, suppressing appetite, and promoting fat burning.

It is important to understand that, administered separately, each ingredient contributes in weight management to a certain level. When combined, your metabolism is supported by least 18 different natural ingredients, which activate a lot more pathways that this humble article contains.

Together, the 18 ingredients target different aspects of leptin resistance and metabolic.

Thot Leptin Rx is the most complex and smart formula on the market dedicated to weight management at this very moment. However, do not neglect your diet, sleep and sport habits in order to get the best results. If you want more practical solutions:

Check here the Master AMPK/mTOR Protocol to optimize your fat burning process.

Thot Leptin Rx: The formula

Thot Leptin RX by Gabriel Pesa aka Bralgei Shackry is licensed under Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International

Thot Leptin Rx has a unique formula, based on more than three decades of experience in nutrition, and it reunites 18 active ingredients: amino acids, minerals, special carbohydrates and a very effective mix of plants and spices – some of them already famous when we talk about weight management.

Nothing in this formula is random and every ingredient is chosen for its specific effect in the body. The ingredients are perfectly blended not only to work together, but also to potentiate one another, in order to fulfill their purpose and serve the 3 main mechanisms:

We will take every ingredient one at a time and reveal the mechanisms they touch, providing scientific evidence to support the benefits of Thot Leptin Rx.

So let’s see the first part of the formula. This part is made of ingredients, mainly amino acids, which are serving one purpose – restoring and improving brain activity and communication between the brain and the rest of the cells in the whole body, optimizing leptin resistance.

Leptin Rx – The solution for Leptin resistance and fat burning mechanisms inhibition.

Part I: Leptin Rx optimization

Acetyl-L-Carnitine HCL
L- Carnosine
L-Taurine
D-Ribose
L-Glutamic acid
L-Cysteine HCL
L-Lysine HCL

Part II: Burning booster and Metabolic enhancers – “the magic 4 combo”:

Ginger root powder Zingiber Officinale
Black pepper extract 95% HPLC (Biopiperin (1-piperoylpiperidine) )
Cayene Peper (Capsicum Annuum) 5:1
Garlic Extract (Allium Sativum) 1:100

Co-boosters:

Green Coffee extract
Garcinia Cambogia Extract (HCA 60%)

Part III: Energy support (antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and hypocholesterolemic agents)

Glycine (hydrochloric glycine)
L-Glutamine HCL
Ascorbic Acid (vitamin C) 100%
Black currant extract (Ribes nigrum) (Anthocyanidines ≥25%)
Zinc (Zinc oxide)

We will take every ingredient one at a time and reveal the mechanisms they touch, providing scientific evidence to support the benefits of Thot Leptin Rx.

So let’s see the first part of the formula.

Part I: Leptin Rx optimization

Made of: Acetyl-L-Carnitine HCL, L- Carnosine, L-Taurine, D-Ribose, L-Glutamic acid, L-Cysteine HCL, L-Lysine HCL. This part contains 7 ingredients, mainly amino acids, which are serving one purpose – restoring and improving brain activity and communication between the brain and the rest of the cells in the whole body, optimizing leptin resistance.

Of course they have other functions, but the main target restoring leptin resistance.

Some studies have already showed that certain nutrients found in whole foods, like taurine, creatine, carnosine, anserine, and 4-hydroxyproline, are good for preventing and treating obesity, heart problems, aging-related issues, and even cancer, while boosting overall health in people of all ages[3]. Some of them are found in our formula: taurine, creatine, carnosine.

These nutrients are very rarely found in plants and easy to find in red meat, including beef, and nature still teaches us that most nutrients work better when combined with other specific nutrients. As nutrition has been so “corrupted” in the recent years, with vegan and vegetarian diets in trend, the human body might have severe nutrient deficiencies.

Therefore, in order to support optimal growth, development, and overall health, these nutrients have to obtained through diet or supplementation.

Let’s see every one of them separately.

1. Acetyl-L-Carnitine HCL

Acetyl-L-Carnitine (also known as ALCAR) is a version of L-Carnitine with an acetyl group added. L-Carnitine is very popular, especially at the gyms, for its fat-burning effects. But, compared to L-Carnitine, Acetyl-L-Carnitine is more bioavailable than L-Carnitine and it easily crosses the blood-brain barrier (BBB). That is the key!

What does this mean? It means that Acetyl-L-Carnitine is more easily absorbed in the bloodstream and it has all the benefits that L-Carnitine has, but this doesn’t happen the other way around. Moreover, by crossing the BBB, Acetyl-L-Carnitine has some very useful effects in the brain, which the other one cannot, simply because it cannot get in the brain.

Acetyl-L-Carnitine (ALCAR) is known as a nootropic in the biohacking world. Acetyl-L-Carnitine serves as a precursor to acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter that enhances memory, boosts perception, and improves mental clarity.

Now, why is this present in out supplement? Because restoring brain activity to its optimal parameters allows the brain to lead the body’s mechanisms correctly, including the mechanisms involved in weight loss.

The brain itself needs to be awakened and conscious of the faulty communication between the body and the brain.

You all need to understand a basic fact: the cell does not feed with food, but with ATP. All metabolic processes are just a huge effort to transform the food into pyruvate or ketones in order to produce ATP for the cells.

Acetyl-L-carnitine helps in transporting fatty acids (or simply – fats) to the mitochondria. In the mitochondria, they are transformed in energy molecules (ATP molecules). This gives the brain and the body the necessary energy to work properly. As a result, the brain has energy to work well and the body’s metabolic functions are improved: this means fat burning is getting better.

Acetyl-L-Carnitine is naturally synthesized in the body, making it generally well-tolerated and safe for consumption.

Both L-Carnitine and Acetyl-L-Carnitine show potential in improving mitochondrial function and reducing oxidative stress[4]. This effect in the hypothalamus, the part of the brain responsible for regulating appetite and metabolism, may help improve leptin sensitivity.

Acetyl-L-Carnitine modulates the release of aminergic neurotransmitters and the biosynthesis and release of glutamate[5]. Glutamate is the most abundant excitatory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system of adult mammals and has a major role in neuroplasticity. By being a glutamate modulator, ALCAR has the potential to reduce appetite, contributing to weight loss.

Acetyl-L-Carnitine is naturally synthesized in the body, making it generally well-tolerated and safe for consumption.

2. L-Carnosine

L-Carnosine, or β-alanyl-L-histidine, is known as the “longevity molecule”. It is an amino acid made up of histidine and beta-alanine, naturally present in the body, with its highest concentrations in organs which require high amounts of energy: brain, heart, and muscles.

L-Carnosine is an antioxidant. Weight gain, leptin and insulin resistance, diabetes and obesity are already known to be related to mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress. It’s a heavy-metal scavenger and a very efficient toxin remover.

L-Carnosine is also an anti-glycating agent. Sugar-mediated protein crosslinking is a chemical process that occurs when sugar molecules react with proteins, leading to the formation of AGEs – these are harmful molecules which can accumulate in tissues over time, particularly in individuals with poorly controlled blood sugar levels, such as those with diabetes [6] – this makes L-Carnosine a potential therapeutic option for metabolic imbalances like diabetes.

L-Carnosine has also been described as an anti-aging peptide. It was found to suppresses cell senescence in cultured human fibroblasts.

L-Carnosine, commonly used in exercise physiology to boost performance, shows potential in helping prevent and treat conditions like obesity, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, and complications related to diabetes, such as cardiovascular disease and stroke [7].

3. L-Taurine

L-Taurine is considered a “conditional” amino acid because the body can produce some of it naturally. The rest of the taurine the human body needs is found in seafood, meat, poultry and eggs. Taurine is synthesized from amino acids methionine and cysteine.

In the firs step of the leptine resistance, monosodium glutamate is starting to inhibit natural production of the taurine. So we put it back on track.

In the body’s fat tissue, taurine is made actively. Its production raises significantly as preadipocytes mature into fat cells. Healthy lean fat cells produce and release a lot of taurine. In hypertrophic obese fat cells, this production slows down, leading to a low level of taurine, associated with obesity.

The cause is not in the cells; the cause is the miscommunication.

The liver is tricked into perceiving that L-Taurine is needed in lower quantities than the body actually requires in order to function properly. This happens because of some inhibitory mediators in the food. MSG is the first culprit.

The anti-obesity effects of taurine are partially attributed to its ability to reduce inflammation in fat tissue [8].

An international epidemiological study suggested that taurine might help alleviate metabolic disorders like obesity, hyperlipidemia and hypertension. Taurine’s efficiency comes from its actions in both peripheral tissues and the central nervous system (CNS).

Taurine helps in obesity primarily through these mechanisms:

increases energy usage by improving fatty acid oxidation (fat-burning)
- decreases lipogenesis (fat production) by reducing glucose oxidation after meals
- regulates the energy usage for glycogen synthesis vs lipogenesis
- suppresses and inhibits oxidative stress
- reduces fat cells inflammation
- supports mitochondrial health

It is possible that low taurine levels can worsen adipocyte dysfunction, which lead to even lower taurine levels, causing a vicious cycle of obesity [9].

Taurine also facilitates the conversion of cholesterol to bile acids and helps eliminate them, lowering the cholesterol levels [10].

4. D-Ribose

D-ribose is a naturally occurring sugar molecule that plays a key role in the production of ATP (adenosine triphosphate), the primary energy currency of cells [11]. One mechanism by which D-ribose may impact obesity is through its role in energy production. This way, D-ribose supplementation could enhance cellular energy metabolism and promote fat oxidation, contributing to weight loss.

In other words, the more energy you have, the more fat you can burn!

Additionally, D-ribose has been studied for its potential benefits in improving exercise performance [12], which could indirectly impact weight management by promoting physical activity.

Furthermore, D-ribose has been investigated for its potential role as an antioxidant [13], which is associated with obesity and its related complications. By reducing oxidative stress, D-ribose supplementation may have beneficial effects on overall metabolic health.

5. L-glutamic acid

L-glutamic acid is a neurotransmitter, transmitting signals between nerves or neurons, in the brain. The active form, glutamate, is involved in cognitive functions such as learning and memory.

There are some terms like glutamate and monosodium glutamate (MSG) which are often misunderstood and misused. So, let’s clarify on them[14]. There are two main forms of glutamic acid: free glutamic acid (D-glutamic acid, not found in nature) and bound glutamic acid (L-glutamic acid, found in nature, bound to protein). Both forms transform in glutamate, once they are in the body. Glutamate is just the protonated form of glutamic acid. But not both of the glutamate forms are useful for the body.

The form of glutamate coming from L-glutamic acid is the neurotransmitter that the human brain needs, while the other form of glutamate is the harmful one, with hyper excitatory effects, in free form – like MSG. Excessive glutamate activity can lead to overstimulation of neurons by glutamate resulting in cell damage.

In other words: “we are fighting fire with fire”
bralgei shackry

Glutamic acid is known for creating umami, one of the five primary tastes, particularly when it’s utilized as a flavor enhancer in the form of monosodium glutamate (MSG) – which isn’t the case in our product, we use the L-glutamic acid form, which is bound to proteins. Excellent sources of glutamic acid include meats, poultry, fish, eggs, dairy products, and kombu. Certain protein-rich plant foods also contain glutamic acid. Glutamic acid makes up approximately 30% to 35% of gluten.

As a neurotransmitter, glutamic acid is an excitatory amino acid neurotransmitter, meaning it enhances the activity of neurons and encourages the transmission of nerve impulses.

In the brain, glutamic acid acts on specialized receptors known as “glutamate receptors”, particularly the NMDA and AMPA receptors. Glutamic acid has an agonist effect on the release of dopamine in the brain.

The brain needs a balance between excitation and inhibition[15]. Glutamate is the main excitatory and GABA the main inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain, which helps reduce neuronal excitability and promotes relaxation. Glutamate is the metabolic precursor of GABA, which can be recycled to synthesize glutamate. So, if working well, the brain has its mechanisms and feedback loops to regulate these complementary neurotransmitters.

Glutamate is a neurotransmitter involved in signaling satiety to the brain, probably due to its capacity to regulate dopamine release. Some studies suggest that glutamate signaling may influence appetite and food intake, potentially impacting weight regulation. Additionally, glutamic acid is involved in the synthesis of glutathione, which we already know it is essential in metabolic health.

6. L-Cysteine

One mechanism by which L-cysteine may impact obesity is through its role in glutathione synthesis, the body’s most powerful antioxidant. Oxidative stress is associated with obesity and its related complications, so increasing glutathione levels through L-cysteine supplementation may help.

Furthermore, L-cysteine is involved in the regulation of insulin sensitivity and glucose metabolism. Some studies suggest that L-cysteine supplementation may improve insulin sensitivity and help regulate blood sugar levels, which could indirectly impact weight management. There are some contradictions in the literature regarding the effect of L-cysteine in obesity. However, its roles in the body suggest it may be helpful.

Additionally, L-cysteine is a precursor to taurine, another amino acid that has been studied and added to Thot Leptin Rx’s formula for its potential role in weight regulation and metabolism.

7. L-Lysine monohydrochloride

L-Lysine is an essential amino acid that cannot be produced by the body and must be obtained through diet or supplementation. To read more about L-Lysine and all about its benefits, please check out our article: L-Lysine the best and only key to collagen and healthy body in 2023.

L-Lysine is the amino acid which is indispensable in the post-translational acetylation of proteins. This means that the final structure and function of proteins depend on L-Lysine. For a protein to function properly, it needs to undergo some transformation after it is translated from the DNA. Acetylation of proteins is one of these transformational processes.

Acetylation is important in both immunological and metabolic pathways, including the synthesis of metabolic enzymes, and may regulate the balance between energy storage and expenditure.

Obesity, type II diabetes and cardiovascular disease (metabolic syndrome) are widely recognized as features of a chronic inflammatory state[16], therefore benefiting from an optimal immune system.

The monohydrochloride form of the L-Lysine we use makes it easier to absorb and to be used by the body. To buy the best L-Lysine available on the market, please visit our product page: Thot L-Lysine HCL – BEST Professional Grade (100% Plant based).

• • •

Oooooook. We’re done with the first part in the formula. Hope you are good so far. As you have seen, most of it is made of amino acids. They have synergic effect regarding fat metabolism. Moreover, they target not only the metabolic pathways that take place in the periphery, but they also regulate the hunger mechanisms directly from the central nervous system. It is already known that if the brain is well, the body will follow!

Moving on to the next category, which is formulated with plants.

Now… the herbs. This is where we use the power of nature at its best. Traditional medical practices have been using the power of plants since ancient times. But, as usual, it’s better when it is supported by science.

For this part of the formula, we have chosen no less than 6 herbs, each one with very powerful active compounds for fat loss and metabolism and pretty famous in the area of weight management. They work very well if administered separately, but, when they are combined optimally, well… this is when the magic happens.

The selection of the herbs, again, is in no way random. Traditions and habits, as well as medical practices, have been studied in detail for years and years. In this research, I have observed that Asian people use a lot of spices. This part is mostly related to the “burning fat” part of the formula.

Part II: Burning booster and Metabolic enhancers – “the magic 4 combo”

Made of the 4 main ingredients: Ginger root powder Zingiber Officinale, Black pepper extract 95% HPLC (Biopiperin (1-piperoylpiperidine) ), Cayene Peper (Capsicum Annuum) 5:1, Garlic Extract (Allium Sativum) 1:100 and the Co-boosters: Green Coffee extract and Garcinia Cambogia Extract (HCA 60%).

You need to understand that in fact, these 4 ingredients are packed with more than meets the eye. They are full of complex chemicals called terpenes or essential oils compounds. There is the magic.

Together with the amino acids and with the other ingredients, they help the body produce, hold and correctly use energy.

Studies have discovered various natural compounds from peppers, ginger, Japanese pepper, garlic, durian, royal jelly, myoga, and galangal that activate some receptors, known as “pain receptors”. These receptors play roles in regulation of body temperature regulation, inflammation, and the perception of taste and smell, showing that. When activated, fat-burning may be accelerated. Cinnamaldehyde, found in cinnamon, also inhibits fat storage. These findings suggest that certain compounds could help prevent obesity, although their effects on humans needs more investigations [17].

Moreover, giving overweight and obese individuals a mix of spices containing black pepper, cinnamon, cloves, garlic, ginger, oregano, paprika, rosemary, and turmeric is shown to lower triglyceride levels and the release of interleukin (IL)-1β (inflammatory molecule) triggered by high-fat meals [18].

As many have noticed, including myself, people who use a lot of spices and natural stimulants like coffee are very slim, have a great vitality and are very … alive. So, I studied… and I studied… Until the perfect blend to finally solve this leptin resistance and weight gaining problem was complete and functional! This formula is a beast!

Not to brag, but this might actually be the first and only natural and complete formula for Leptin Rx that works.

So, let’s see the plant extract involved.

• • •

Each one of the 4 ingredients is known for a specific compound that helps boosting the metabolic functions: ginger is known for zingiberene, black pepper for piperine, cayenne pepper for capsaicin and garlic for allicin.

What is important to understand is that, although these compounds are very powerful on their own, besides the fact that the composition of each plant extract is much more complex, they work together better than you can imagine.

Their activity is supported by the amino acids presented in the first part and enhanced by another two fat-burners: green coffee extract and Garcinia cambogia extract.

1. Ginger root extract

Ginger (Zingiber officinale, Zingiberaceaefamily) is renowned as both a popular spice and a medicinal herb. It contains volatile oils, comprising approximately 1% to 3%, which include terpenoids like zingiberene, as well as potent compounds such as gingerol, shogaol, and zingerone. Among these, gingerols and shogaols are recognized as the primary bioactive elements of ginger.

In traditional medicine, powdered ginger is recommended for several conditions like nausea, digestive issues, muscle and joint discomfort, and cold symptoms. Its diverse pharmacological benefits have been documented, including its anti-nausea, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties, as well as its potential to regulate glucose and lipid levels and exhibit anticancer effects.

Experimental studies have shown promising results in managing obesity, both in terms of prevention and treatment. Ginger may influence obesity through several possible mechanisms, such as enhancing thermogenesis, promoting fat breakdown, reducing fat production, limiting the absorption of fats in the intestine, and regulating appetite.

One study shows that ginger extract can stop weight gain and reduce fat. Also, it lowers fat levels in the blood and liver, helps remove fat through feces, and reduces the activity of genes linked to fat synthesis and inflammation [19]. The research also shows that this extract activates AMPK in fat tissue – this is a mechanism that is activated during fasting or exercise, when the body burns fat and uses the energy from fats to repair the body. We want this mechanism active when we want to lose fat.

For optimizing the AMPK/mTOR pathways in your body please visit the Master AMPK/mTOR Protocol.

These pathways suggests that ginger extract might be useful as a healthy food to fight obesity and inflammation.

Active components of ginger seem to have agonistic effect one of the temperature sensors and cause the activation of sympathetic nerve system. The sympathomimetic effect of ginger has some important effects in adipose tissue such as increasing the thermogenesis and lipolysis. Moreover, the active components of ginger decrease lipogenesis. Ginger can also suppress intestinal absorption of dietary fat by decreasing lipase enzyme[20].

In addition, ginger has modulatory effects on 5‐HT receptors (serotonin). Ginger can decrease the appetite, maybe through binding to 5‐HT2c receptors in the central nervous system. On the other hand, ginger may act as an appetizer through intestinal 5‐HT3 receptors[21]. In other words, ginger may have the ability not only to suppress appetite, but to actually regulate appetite.

2. Black pepper extract

Black pepper, scientifically known as Piper nigrum and belonging to the family Piperaceae, has garnered considerable interest because of its abundant phytochemicals and bioactive properties. Cultivated primarily in tropical areas like Indonesia, Brazil, and India, the appeal of peppercorns lies in their flavorful compounds, known for their spicy and pungent characteristics.

Black pepper is a popular spice used worldwide in a variety of sauces and culinary creations, including meat dishes. Its key component, piperine, is an alkaloid known for its numerous health benefits. Piperine content within black pepper is estimated to range from 2–10%. Plants belonging to this family are known for their abundance of other active compounds like flavonoids, phenolics, amides, alkaloids, steroids, neolignans, lignans, chalcones, terpenes, and various other phytochemicals.

It is known to have a wide range of therapeutical properties, including antioxidant, antitumor, antihypertensive, anti-asthmatic, analgesic, antipyretic, anti-diarrheal, anti-inflammatory, anxiolytic, antispasmodic, hepato-protective, antidepressant, antibacterial, immunomodulatory, antifungal, antiapoptotic, antithyroid.

Moreover, it enhances cognitive functions and fertility.

Studies have shown that the absolute quantities of absorbed piperine were relatively higher compared to similar spices with a close structural makeup, such as curcumin.

Studies found out that black pepper has the following benefits in metabolic disorders [22]:

Decreases blood sugar level
Increases the insulin secretion
Decreases inflammation
Supports a high-fat diet in body weight, body composition, fat percentage, adiposity index, blood pressure, leptin, adiponectin, plasma, and tissue lipid profiles.
Improves the activity of enzymes involved in lipid metabolism, such as lipase, amylase, HMG-CoA reductase, fatty acid synthase, lipoprotein lipase etc.
Decreases oxidative stress
Shows improvement in glucose tolerance
Supports liver function

Both pepper extract and capsaicin can positively influence human health and treat several disorders. Moreover, they can reduce fat storage affecting brain centers responsible for the sensation of hunger, nutrient uptake by gastrointestinal tract, state of adipocytes, increase in carbohydrate and fat oxidation, metabolism and thermogenesis and other mechanisms. Therefore, despite some possible limitations, these substances could be useful for treatment of obesity [23].

The findings indicate that piperine inhibits the differentiation of fat cells, offering a potential treatment for obesity-related conditions [24].

Studies show that black pepper extract has stronger effects than piperine alone.

There could be a target for treating obesity and type 2 diabetes: raising the consumption of calories by an increase in the metabolic rate of resting skeletal muscle. Piperine increased ATPase activity of skinned relaxed fibers by 66 ± 15%. Piperine had little effect on the mechanics of either fully active or resting muscle fibers. The results described here show that up-regulation of resting muscle metabolism could treat obesity and type 2 diabetes and that piperine would provide a useful lead compound for the development of these therapies

It has been found that, by increasing the calorie consumption in the resting skeletal muscle, leptin resistance, insulin resistance, obesity and type 2 diabetes may be benefit from a very effective treatment. Piperine has been shown to boost ATPase activity in relaxed muscle fibers by 66 ± 15% (!!!). That’s a lot! [25]. What does that mean? It means that, if you manage to boost your basal metabolism (meaning the body’s metabolism when resting – in other words, your muscle metabolism when relaxed).

THIS IS THE WHOLE PURPOSE OF OUR NUTRITIONAL PROTOCOL, the Master AMPK/mTOR Protocol – TO OPTIMIZE YOUR MUSCLES IN ORDER TO BURN MORE FAT WHEN SELLPING!

3. Cayenne pepper extract

Red pepper is part of the Solanaceae family within the Capsicum genus, which is recognized by various names worldwide, including hot pepper, chili pepper, bell pepper, sweet pepper, and sometimes simply pepper.

Red pepper contains natural compounds known as capsaicinoids. Studies have shown that capsaicin and dihydrocapsaicin together make up approximately 70–90% of these capsaicinoids found in the Capsicum genus.

Evidence indicates that red pepper, together with its active ingredients, capsinoids, displays enhanced benefits in promoting energy expenditure (energy usage), including limiting energy intake, which is likely to reduce fat mass in overweight and obese individuals [26].

Capsaicin, a well-known vanilloid, which is the main spicy component in chili peppers, shows several biological activities and the potential applications range from food flavorings to therapeutics. Capsaicin also plays a crucial role in metabolic disorders, including weight loss, blood pressure lowing and insulin reduction effects [27].

Capsaicin is the molecule gives the pungency of hot peppers. It stimulates the sympathoadrenal system, which lead to thermogenic and anorexigenic effects. Capsaicinoids have been found to accentuate the impact of caloric restriction on body weight loss. They are shown to prevent the increase in hunger, enhances satiety, energy expenditure and fat oxidation – which are normally achieved in cases like energy restriction [28].

4. Garlic extract

Garlic (Allium sativum L.) has been used as a traditional remedy in various cultures worldwide for thousands of years, dating back over 6,000 years in Ayurvedic medicine, over 3,000 years in ancient Chinese medicine, and noted in the ancient Egyptian Codex Ebers.

In modern times, garlic has gained popularity as a natural remedy with proven health benefits and therapeutic effects, while causing almost no side effects. It is valued for its flavor and medicinal properties, attributed to its rich concentration of organosulfur compounds.

When garlic is crushed or cut, alliinase enzyme triggers the formation of volatile sulfur compounds. This process gives birth to various reactive sulfenic acids, which then combine to form thiosulfinates. These are the ones which give garlic its distinctive flavor and pungency, “allicin” being the main thiosulfinate produced from the breakdown of alliin.

The bioactive compounds achieve their activities within the gastrointestinal tract (in situ). These compounds need to be bioaccessible but not necessarily be absorbed into the body. Their absorption rates are higher than 90%.

Studies support the beneficial impact of garlic or its sulfur-containing components on obesity and metabolic syndrome. These compounds derived from garlic demonstrate an anti-obesity effect by inhibiting the differentiation of fat cells through mechanisms such as AMPK activation and other mechanisms [29].

Moreover, research provide substantial evidence for the potential of garlic to lower blood pressure (antihypertensive), regulate blood sugar levels (antidiabetic), reduce obesity (fat burning), and reduce lipid levels in the blood (hypolipidemic) [30].

Co-boosters:

1. Green coffee bean extract

Green coffee is famous for its slimming effect. It’s not that long ago when green coffee was a superstar in this area.

The active compounds found in green coffee beans which contribute to weight loss are known as chlorogenic acids (CGA). There are three major classes of chlorogenic acids present in green coffee beans, namely: caffeoylquinic acid, di-caffeoylquinic acid and feruloylquinic acid.

Another pivotal component of the green beans is caffeic acid.

Green coffee upon roasting develops its aromatic characteristics, but the flavor development comes at a cost: reduced chlorogenic acid content. Thus, the effect of green coffee is highly superior to roasted coffee for the purpose at hand. There are numerous studies which show health benefits of green coffee in disorders like hypertension, diabetes, obesity, etc. [31]

According to one meta-analysis, green coffee bean extract with 500 mg/day of chlorogenic acid lowers body weight [32]. (We remind you that we have another 17 ingredients in the formula for this purpose.)

Research demonstrated notable decreases in body weight, fat mass, and waist-to-hip ratio, alongside significant enhancements in lipid profile. This included reductions in total cholesterol, LDL, and leptin levels, along with an increase in serum adiponectin concentration. These results indicate that combining green coffee bean extract with a calorie-controlled diet can be effective in managing weight and enhancing lipid metabolism in people with obesity [33].

Administering green coffee bean extract showed positive effects on specific aspects of metabolic syndrome, such as high systolic blood pressure, elevated fasting blood glucose, insulin resistance, and abdominal obesity. Furthermore, supplementation with green coffee bean extract was linked to a reduction in appetite levels [34].

2. Garcinia cambogia extract

Garcinia cambogia, a tropical fruit also known as Malabar tamarind, originated in Southeast Asia, India, and Africa, has gained attention for its potential role in weight management, particularly in obesity [35].

This fruit contains a compound called hydroxy citric acid (HCA), which is believed to inhibit an enzyme called citrate lyase, involved in fat metabolism. By blocking this enzyme, HCA may help prevent the conversion of carbohydrates into fat, thereby reducing fat accumulation in the body. In addition to other compounds, Garcinia cambogia fruits are rich in various amino acids, including arginine, asparagine, glutamine, threonine, glycine, proline, γ-aminobutyric acid, leucine, isoleucine, ornithine, and lysine.

Hydroxy citric (HCA) acid may prevent fat accumulation by:

Reducing or inactivating the fat-producing enzymes [36]
Lowering the activity of proteins which raise the levels of fat-producing enzymes [37]
Increasing levels of fat-burning enzymes
Lowering the production of triglycerides, phospholipids, cholesterol, and fat in the liver [38]

Garcinia cambogia supplements may also bring about a host of other positive effects, like:

Helping to lower cholesterol and triglyceride levels[39]
Supporting diabetes management[40]
Boosting the immune system
Providing antioxidant benefits[41]

Garcinia cambogia is also said to raise serotonin levels, which is a neurotransmitter in the body that helps with feeling good and communication. By this mechanism it might help in lowering appetite, which could theoretically aid in weight loss[42].

See this article for more insights on the subject: https://supplements.selfdecode.com/blog/garcinia-cambogia/

Extracts derived from Garcinia cambogia and components found in the fruit are primarily recognized for their potential to reduce body weight and appetite, and prevent obesity.[43]

Garcinia cambogia fruits contain guttiferone J, a newly discovered compound known for its ability to trigger thermogenesis. This compound is responsible for the anti-obesity effects of Garcinia cambogia and is being explored as a potential treatment for obesity and associated conditions [44].

This ingredient is a very powerful one. When taken on its own, you should be careful not to take too much. In our formula, the dosage is in the known safe zone. Remember it is a very special combination we are using, so there is no need to oveuse none of them.

• • •

Part II done, moving to part III. Now this is the final list of ingredients in Thot Leptin Rx, but as important as any other presented so far. These ingredients that are about to be describe are essential to raise the energy levels ant to keep them leveled-up. This way, you know that all the work that your body has made through the other ingredients and through the lifestyle changes that you make, the transformation stays long-term.

Part III: Energy support (antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and hypocholesterolemic agents)

Made of: Glycine (hydrochloric glycine), L-Glutamine HCL, Ascorbic Acid (vitamin C) 100%, Black currant extract (Ribes nigrum) (Anthocyanidins ≥25%) and Zinc (Zinc oxide).

1. Glycine

Glycine is the simplest amino acid in the human body. Glycine represents 11.5% of the total amino acid content in the human body. Typically, 80% of the body’s glycine is utilized for protein synthesis. It is mostly produced in the liver and kidneys and it is a building block for collagen, creatine, glucose, purine, porphyrins of heme and primary bile salts.

Glycine is also required for glutathione synthesis, along with L-cysteine (also included in the formula). It is estimated that glutathione synthesis represents nearly 38% of the glycine necessary for all the functions mentioned above. Studies have suggested that low glutathione synthesis rate may play a role in insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. Glutathione concentration was 60% lower in erythrocytes of patients with type 2 diabetes compared to healthy individuals [45].

Plasma glycine level is consistently lower in patients with obesity and type 2 diabetes compared to healthy persons. Some studies suggest that low plasma glycine level precedes the clinical onset of type 2 diabetes [46].

Supplementing with glycine improves several aspects of metabolic syndrome, which includes diabetes, obesity, hyperlipidemia and hypertension. In the future medical approaches, the use of glycine may be an important option for individuals with metabolic syndrome [47].

At the appropriate dosage, glycine has proven highly effective in reducing not only metabolic disorders but also various inflammatory diseases and cancers [48].

In central nervous system, glycine plays a crucial role as neurotransmitter, regulating food intake, behavior and body homeostasis. It can have both activate or calm the brain and nervous system.

And we get back to communication: between cells and between body and the brain.

Furthermore, glycine helps support the immune system, fights inflammation, and has an antioxidant role in the body.

2. L-Glutamine

L-Glutamine is an amino acid, non-essential, widely distributed in the body, participates in numerous metabolic processes. It’s synthesized from glutamic acid and ammonia. The enzyme responsible for this process is known as glutamine synthetase. Patients with obesity or diabetes show altered glutamine metabolism, including decreases in glutamine [49].

Glutamine can serve as a nitrogen supplier in the production of various compounds, such as other amino acids, purines, and pyrimidines. L-glutamine enhances the redox potential of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) – a very powerful antioxidant[50]. As a supplier of glutamate, it plays an important role in maintaining cellular volume, amino acid balance, glutathione levels and energy production.

Plasma glutamine serves as the precursor for 80% of plasma citrulline, and plasma citrulline, in turn, acts as the precursor for 10% of plasma arginine. Ultimately, glutamine emerges as a significant precursor for arginine synthesis through its conversion to citrulline in the intestines of humans[51].

L-glutamine is a conditionally essential amino acid and main precursor for the production of both glutamate and GABA neurotransmitters in the brain.

All the mechanisms mentioned above lead to an additional support of L-Glutamine in weight loss and energy management, trough pathways that have been already and partially described.

3. Ascorbic acid

It’s suggested that ascorbic acid, or vitamin C, could offer several benefits for obesity-related issues. These include possibly regulating fat burning in fat cells, controlling the release of stress hormones from the adrenal glands, and even regulating sugar metabolism, including leptin secretion, and reducing inflammation. Studies show it might help improve blood sugar levels and reduce complications in obese individuals with diabetes. These effects are likely tied to its powerful antioxidant properties [52].

Having antioxidant capabilities, vitamin C protects against oxidative stress and prevent non-enzymatic glycosylation of proteins (which has been described above). Moreover, it reduces lipid peroxidation and inflammation. The anti-inflammatory attribute of vitamin C may serve as a protective factor in metabolic diseases [53].

4. Black currant extract

While research on this specific topic is limited, black currant extract is known to contain various bioactive compounds, including anthocyanins, flavonoids, and polyphenols, which have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.

Studies show that black currant extract reduces inflammation. The metabolites of blackcurrant may not have anti-inflammatory effects directly by altering macrophage phenotypes, but by modulating levels of obesity-induced circulating pro-inflammatory factors [54].

Enzymatic extract’s high antioxidant activity was likely attributable to its high concentration of anthocyanin. Black currant extract inhibits lipid accumulation in adipocytes [55].

Black currant’s antioxidant composition might contain traces of chromium picolinate, which is known for aiding in glycemic control for individuals with diabetes and promoting the maintenance of lean body mass[56].

Whole berry and juice is rich in compounds like Cyanidin 3-glucoside, cyanidin 3-rutinoside, delphinidin 3-glucoside, delphinidin 3-rutinoside, and ascorbic acid and are shown to have the following health benefits, which can contribute to a healthy metabolism and energy management[57]:

has an antioxidant effect
shows an anti-inflammatory effect
lowers cholesterol and improves metabolic functions
increases fat oxidation

5. Zinc oxide

Zinc (Zn) is known for its wide range of benefits in human health, from antioxidant properties to almost any mechanism you can think of.

Zinc (Zn) is vital in biological processes, influencing gene transcription, cell signaling, enzyme function, and the regulation of metabolism and brain activity. It’s recognized for its contribution to insulin synthesis, storage, secretion, and sensitivity. In the brain, zinc is involved in synaptic plasticity and acts as a neurotransmitter, participating in both intra- and intercellular processes. Zn supplementation was associated with a significant reduction in body weight in overweight or obese individuals ^[58].

The scientists tried to find a more efficient way to deliver the Zinc oxide, and they discovered that Zn oxide nanoparticles are a very good solution. Studies now show that Zn oxide nanoparticles significantly decreased both high-fat diet induced hepatic steatosis and peripheral insulin resistance. These indicates that Zn can serve as a therapeutic strategy to improve the physiological homeostasis in obesity and its associated metabolic abnormalities [59].

Benefits of Thot Leptin Rx

Thot Leptin Ex is formulated to help improve the body’s natural metabolic functions and to help overweight and obese people to lose weight. This is achieved through 3 basic and vital mechanisms:

It improves leptin sensitivity and overcomes leptin resistance
It boosts metabolism & rises energy level in order to burn more fat
It restores and improves the brain-body and intercellular communication

Overall, trough all these mechanisms, Thot Leptin Rx contributes to the normal metabolism of carbohydrates, fatty acids, and macronutrients, as well as to normal protein synthesis, acid-base balance, and energy metabolism.

Thot Leptin Rx’s complex and unique formulation holds and approaches multiple aspects and mechanisms of weight management and metabolic health and offers a holistic approach to achieving and maintaining an ideal and healthy weight.

Usage and Dosage

In order to maximize the effectiveness of Thot Leptin Rx in leptin resistance and weight loss, we recommend a daily dose of 4-6 tablets/day with meals or with liquids.

The tablets can be swallowed with an appropriate quantity of water or they can be chewed or even enjoyed while dissolving in the mouth. Due to the spices in the formula, the tablets in Thot Leptin Rx taste similar to a “Thai soup”.

A dietary supplement does not replace a balanced diet and e healthy lifestyle. In you have any health condition, please consult your medical doctor or your health specialist.

Conclusion

Overcoming leptin resistance is THE KEY for achieving long-term success in weight management and depends on boosting the basic metabolic rate and restoring the communication within the whole body.

In 2024, Thot Leptin Rx is THE ONLY SUPPLEMENT which holds THE SOLUTION to optimize all the mechanisms involved in weight management.

Learn more about Thot Leptin Rx and consider incorporating it into your weight loss journey, particularly if you struggle with leptin resistance and you want fast, but long-lasting results.

Thot Leptin RX by Gabriel Pesa aka Bralgei Shackry is licensed under Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International

Thot Leptin RX by Gabriel Pesa aka Bralgei Shackry is licensed under Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International

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Boost your brain and optimize neurotransmitters with L-Tryptophan – Outstanding 100% plant based nootropic;

ThotNutrition2025 — Tue, 05 Mar 2024 10:48:40 +0000

L-Tryptophan the best natural nootropic for the brain and neurotransmitters.

Table of Contents

LIST:

1 Overview

2 L-Tryptophan and Essential Amino Acids in Brain Health

2.1 What are Essential Amino Acids?

2.2 L-Tryptophan – The Most Important Essential Amino Acid for Mood, Cognition & Behavior

3 How does L-Tryptophan improve our Life Quality and Wellbeing?

3.1 L-Tryptophan is a very important ESSENTIAL amino acid

3.1.1 L-Triptophan SOURCES

3.2 L-Tryptophan’s FUNCTIONS in the Human Body

3.2.1 L-Tryptophan helps in MOOD REGULATION

3.2.2 L-Tryptophan helps in SLEEP REGULATION

3.2.3 L-Tryptophan helps in COGNITION & MEMORY ENHANCEMENT

3.2.4 L-Tryptophan helps in BODY WEIGHT OPTIMIZATION

3.2.5 L-Tryptophan helps in HORMONE REGULATION

3.2.6 L-Tryptophan helps in IMMUNE SYSTEM SUPPORT

3.2.7 L-Tryptophan helps in ENERGY METABOLISM, DNA REPAIR and CELL FUNCTIONS

3.2.8 L-Tryptophan helps in BOOSTING EXERCISE PERFORMANCE

3.2.9 L-Tryptophan helps in PROTEIN SYNTHESIS

3.3 Therapeutical uses for L-Tryptophan

3.3.1 Depression and Anxiety:

3.3.2 Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD)

3.3.3 Insomnia and Sleep Disorders:

3.3.4 Fibromyalgia:

3.3.5 Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS):

3.3.6 Appetite Regulation and Weight Management:

3.3.7 Migraine Headaches:

4 L-Tryptophan – KEY ELEMENTS

4.1 The Source – WHY is our L-Tryptophan no.1 in the world?

4.2 L-Tryptophan – the KEYS to „FEEL-GOOD” in Essential Amino Acids

5 Recommendation and posology

6 TAKE at HOME

1 Overview of the brain and the functions of L-Tryptophan

Of all the 9 essential amino acids, L-Tryptophan is one of the most uncommon amino acid. It is found in a very small percent in the human proteins. However, L-Tryptophan is as essential as all the other 8 EAAs in order to sustain life.

The popularity of L-Tryptophan is given by the fact that it is the only precursor of serotonin, also known as “the hormone of happiness”. Without having the right amount of bioavailable L-Tryptophan (this is important), the body cannot produce the needed amount of serotonin.

This amino acid has a bunch of other roles, which will be discussed further in detail. Besides being a precursor for serotonin (neurotransmitter), L-Tryptophan is also a precursor for melatonin (neurohormone, also known as “the sleep hormone”), beta-endorphin, vitamin B3 (Niacin), kynurenine (its metabolite – 95%) and auxins (a class of phytohormones).

Nowadays, depression and anxiety are, unfortunately, as common as never before. Therefore, doctors and scientists make their best to deal with this current and to find proper solutions to solve the problems.

One of the most common supplements used in depression is 5-HTP, also known as 5-hydroxi-tryptophan. As you will read this article, you will be to tell the difference between L-tryptophan and 5-HTP and you will know why the use of L-Tryptophan may be superior to the use of 5-HTP.

One thing is for sure: The human body cannot synthesize this essential amino acid by itself and it must be obtained through diet. It is more than obvious that people need a naturally achieved good mood in order to be of service to themselves and to the ones around them.

Let’s dive into the details about L-Tryptophan and its functions, benefits and uses. Enjoy!

2 L-Tryptophan and Essential Amino Acids in Brain Health and nootropic

L-Tryptophan is the most important mood-stabilizing amino acid of all the 9 EAAs. This amino acid has other essential roles. The roles and pathways will be presented in detail.

But first, let’s recap:

2.1 What are Essential Amino Acids?

This info is already boring for some of you, since amino acids is what we do. However, for those who are new to this website:

Amino acids are the building blocks of life and nutrition^{^[1]} – they are the ones the body uses to build up proteins.
There are 20 amino acids in nature, of which 9 are essential amino acids (they must be supplemented from food, as the human body cannot synthesize them): L-Leucine (Article about L-Leucine – “the muscle boss”: L-Leucine for muscles enhancement and longevity), L-Lysine (Article about L-Lysine – “the beauty queen”: for collagen synthesis and more), L-Valine, LIisoleucine, L-Tryptophan, L-Phenylalanine, L-Methionine, L-Threonine, L-Histidine.
The quest for the best ingredients and for the perfect formula led to currently the best EAAs of all times: THOT AMINOS.

It is not protein that we need, it is amino acids:

essential, bio-available, orthomolecular (left-folded).

Read more about essential amino acids by accessing the main article: Building blocks of life and nutrition – What are essential amino acids?
To find out more muscle strength and recovery – the organ of longevity – please read our article L-Leucine – the best key to muscle recovery, health and longevity in 2023.
To read more on amino acids and beauty, please access our article series: L-Lysine the best and only key to collagen and healthy body in 2023 (1)

2.2 L-Tryptophan – The Most Important Essential Amino Acid for Mood, Cognition & Behavior

To begin with, L-Tryptophan, like all the other amino acids in Thot Aminos formula, is an essential amino acid, therefore it needs to be supplemented from an outside source: foods rich in L-Tryptophan or highly efficient supplements. The body cannot produce essential amino acids, but they are all vital for the body to accomplish its functions.

Thot Nutrition offers the highest quality ingredients ON THE PLANET

(The partner companies from Japan are ranked Nr. 1 and Nr. 2 In the world classification for Essential Amino Acids Producers)

Known for its mood regulating effects, L-Tryptophan is indispensable for brain health, mood and social behavior.

Long story short, the main functions& benefits of L-Tryptophan are:

Mood regulation
Sleep regulation
Cognition & Memory enhancement
Neurotransmission
Immune system support
Energy balance and DNA repair
Nitric oxide synthesis
Hormone regulation
Antioxidant properties
Brain development and function
Gut health
Protein synthesis

These pathways all contribute to a healthy body and especially to a healthy brain. It is well known that if the BRAIN is healthy, the BODY will follow. Obviously, L-Tryptophan is not the only tool which can be used to improve and maintain brain health, but it is a very important and essential one.

So let us see the details!

3 How does L-Tryptophan improve our Life Quality and Wellbeing?

3.1 L-Tryptophan is a very important ESSENTIAL amino acid

L-Tryptophan cannot be produced by the body and must be obtained through diet.
EAAs should be consumed in a balanced proportion since they work together to support all body functions. However, in specific situations (physical work, mental work, lack of sleep, intense overall effort, burnout etc.), one or more essential amino acids are needed in greater quantity in order to regain this balance.
For the ones who are not able to consume and/or extract enough EAAs through diet alone, supplementing with EAAs becomes a must.
There are various L-Tryptophan rich foods. However, as you may have already read in our main article, the human body generally has trouble digesting, extracting, absorbing, properly folding and using essential amino acids,including L-Tryptophan. This comes with aging and appears due to the lack of enzymes (you already know about the vicious cycle from the previous articles).

3.1.1 L-Triptophan SOURCES

Here is a list of L-Tryptophan rich foods. L-Tryptophan is found particularly in:

Lean chicken and turkey 404 mg/100g
Beef 374 mg/100g
Lean pork chops 369 mg/100g
Firm Tofu 235 mg/100g
Fish (salmon) 335 mg/100g
Boiled soybeans (edamame) 242 mg/100g
Milk 43 mg/100g
Squash and pumpkin seeds 576 mg/100g
Oatmeal 40 mg/100g
Eggs 153 mg/100g

Extracting amino acids from food gets messier as you age. Moreover, absorbing and metabolizing them may also be compromised. But we wouldn’t have this talk if there wasn’t a solution: supplements. As you have already been used to, we do our best to bring top quality products so you can simply enjoy your life.

Here is the best L-Tryptophan in the world – vegan, pure, orthomolecular, low molecule, high density, top quality – ready for absorption and utilization.

It is not enough to get tryptophan in your system, it is important to get bioavailable tryptophan in your system. Thot Nutrition is focused on quality & efficiency.

We think nutrition at molecular level.

3.2 L-Tryptophan’s FUNCTIONS in the Human Body

Ok. Now that you have the big picture, we will go deeper into each benefit for L-tryptophan. For the ones who want to jump to the conclusion, this is the boring part. For the ones who are interested in learning about their body… Well… Enjoy!

L-Tryptophan has several crucial functions in the body:

3.2.1 L-Tryptophan helps in MOOD REGULATION

One of the most well-known roles of tryptophan is its involvement in the production of serotonin. L-Tryptophan is the onlyprecursor of serotonin! This is important and it is more than obvious that if you have adequate levels if L-Tryptophan, you can produce adequate levels of serotonin.

Serotonin is known as the “happiness molecule”. It is a neurotransmitter that influences mood, emotions, cognition and behavior.When your body produces serotonin, you experience happiness, calmness, and a state of wellbeing.

When your body is low on serotonin, you are more likely to experience depression, anxiety, insomnia, pain, seasonal affective disorder or chronic fatigue.

3.2.2 L-Tryptophan helps in SLEEP REGULATION

SLEEP is one of the main essential pillars in longevity, together with air and breathing, water and hydration, food and feeding, physical activity and sports, sexual energy and sexual activity and mind and meditation.

Compromising sleep quality compromises both healthspan and lifespan. Nowadays, especially in the city life, sleep patterns are far away from the natural cycles, troubling all of the body’s functions. L-Tryptophan contributes to sleep regulation by being a precursor of melatonin.

Melatonin is known as “the sleep hormone” and tells the body when it’s time to sleep. Low levels of melatonin are heavily associated with both mental and physical imbalances. Our circadian cycle has specific hours for each organ to be active. Messing with the body’s natural „timetable” comes along with very expensive bills to pay over time.

3.2.3 L-Tryptophan helps in COGNITION & MEMORY ENHANCEMENT

Insufficient Tryptophan can cause memory loss, while supplementing may enhance memory in healthy adults.

Tryptophan primarily acts as a nootropic by being a precursor of serotonin. In addition, L-Tryptophan supplementation leads to increased levels of other neurotransmitters like melatonin and beta-endorphin^[2].

Research shows that tryptophan and serotonin play a significant role in memory^[3]. Boosting serotonin in the brain improves cognition, while lowering serotonin levels through tryptophan depletion has the opposite effect. Low levels of tryptophan also have negative effects on focus, mood and positivity^[4].

3.2.4 L-Tryptophan helps in BODY WEIGHT OPTIMIZATION ^[5]

There was a notable correlation between dietary tryptophan intake and a reduced risk of obesity and type 2 diabetes. In this study, a significantly longer sleep duration may have been an important element in improving the results.

3.2.5 L-Tryptophan helps in HORMONE REGULATION

Tryptophan has been observed to elevate not just serotonin levels but also increase growth hormone and prolactin^[6].

3.2.6 L-Tryptophan helps in IMMUNE SYSTEM SUPPORT

Tryptophan plays a vital role in supporting a healthy immune system by participating in the production of immune cells and antibodies. This active involvement helps protect the body against infections and diseases.

3.2.7 L-Tryptophan helps in ENERGY METABOLISM, DNA REPAIR and CELL FUNCTIONS

Tryptophan can be e very powerful energy booster, since can lead to the production of celular fuel – NAD+ (PMCID: PMC5476425), NMN and ATP.

Tryptophan serves as the base in the production of NAD+. It can be produced with the help of vitamin B3 (in direct form – niacin; or in niacinamide form).

NAD⁺ can be made via the “De Novo Pathway,” starting from the essential amino acid L-tryptophan. It can be made by the “Preiss-Handler pathway,” using nicotinic acid, a form of vitamin B3 usually called niacin, which is known for producing flushing when taken in high amounts. And, it can be produced in the “Salvage Pathway” from niacinamide (nicotinamide), the non-flushing form of vitamin B3. Different tissues use these three pathways to greater or lesser extents to meet changing NAD⁺ needs.

Tryptophan also serves as a precursor to niacin (vitamin B3), playing a crucial role in energy metabolism, DNA repair, and various cellular functions. Approximately 60 mg of tryptophan yields 1 mg of niacin defined as 1 mg niacin equivalent (NE)^[7].

3.2.8 L-Tryptophan helps in BOOSTING EXERCISE PERFORMANCE ^[8]

The conversion of Tryptophan into kynurenine is associated with the production of nitric oxide. Nitric oxide contributes to vasodilation, playing a role in the regulation of blood flow and blood pressure.

Researchers suggested that extended exercise duration might be due to heightened pain tolerance resulting from Tryptophan supplementation^[9].

3.2.9 L-Tryptophan helps in PROTEIN SYNTHESIS

Tryptophan is crucial for making proteins needed for tissue repair, enzymes, and other essential biological functions.

3.3 Therapeutical uses for L-Tryptophan

Although this article is not about medical advice of any kind, although the purpose of this article is in educating the people towards a healthy lifestyle, which can naturally prevent disease, we cannot ignore the fact that nutrients like L-Tryptophan and the others have been discovered to have some medical uses. L-Tryptophan, the natural form of the amino acid lysine, has several recognized therapeutic applications. These are the main ones:

3.3.1 Depression and Anxiety:

L-tryptophan is a precursor for serotonin, a neurotransmitter that plays a key role in regulating mood. Serotonin is known as the “happy hormone” as it leads to feelings of well-being and happiness.

Some studies have suggested that L-tryptophan supplements may help improve mood and lower the symptoms found in depression and anxiety. 5-HTP and Tryptophan are considered as natural alternatives for the treatment of depression^[10].

Low levels of Tryptophan and serotonin in the brain are associated with ADHD. Studies have found that children with ADHD have 50% lower than average levels of Tryptophan^[11].

3.3.2 Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD)

Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD) is a form of depression experienced by many during the winter months, when there are shorter days, with shorter periods of light exposure – make no mistake, laying in the sun daily, even for 10 minutes, is gold for the overall health. SAD symptoms may include:

difficulty waking up
decreased energy
weight gain & sugar craving
difficulty concentrating
decreased libido
isolation
depression & anxiety
irritability etc.

To eliminate most of the symptoms, scientists have used light therapy. Another option may be supplementing with tryptophan in order to stimulate serotonin and melatonin production could be effective^[12].

3.3.3 Insomnia and Sleep Disorders:

Serotonin, synthesized from L-tryptophan, is also converted into melatonin, a hormone that regulates sleep-wake cycles. For this reason, L-tryptophan supplements have been used to improve sleep and manage insomnia in some cases.

3.3.4 Fibromyalgia:

Fibromyalgia is a chronic pain condition related to impaired muscle metabolism. It is often associated with low serotonin levels. Some individuals with fibromyalgia could benefit from L-tryptophan supplementation. The mechanism is probably the following: it modulates serotonin levels so the symptoms are perceived differently and tolerating them is easier.

3.3.5 Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS):

Some research suggests that L-tryptophan might be helpful in managing certain symptoms of PMS, particularly mood-related symptoms. As in fibromyalgia, more research is needed on the topic, since tryptophan is not really a solution, but a useful tool.

3.3.6 Appetite Regulation and Weight Management:

Serotonin also plays a role in appetite regulation, especially when anxiety, depression, ADHD and memory loss are associated with binge eating. They have all been correlated with low Tryptophan levels.

3.3.7 Migraine Headaches:

Some studies have explored the use of L-tryptophan as a preventive treatment for migraines. Serotonin and other metabolites are involved in regulating mood and blood vessel constriction and dilation. This may explain the benefits in the case of migraines.

3.4 THE SCIENCE behind. How does L-Tryptophan work? Pathways.

Here I will expose the main metabolic reactions in the metabolism of L-Tryptophan. These is how it is transformed in the neurotransmitters and other compounds that your body needs.

After it is absorbed, tryptophan is transported into the brain by crossing the blood-brain barrier.
1. But Tryptophan requires active transport and competes for the same receptors with other amino acids including tyrosine, phenylalanine, valine, leucine, and isoleucine^[13].
1. So… make sure your body produces energy to support all these mechanisms: move your body and feed your muscles.
In the brain, it is transformed into 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP) by the enzyme tryptophan hydroxylase.
1. Tryptophan hydroxylase is the rate-limiting enzyme needed for serotonin production.
1. This enzyme can be inhibited by stress, insulin resistance, magnesium or Vitamin B6 deficiency. Make sure you have adequate levels of these last two when supplementing with L-Tryptophan.
5-HTP is then converted into serotonin
1. This step is dependent on the presence of Vitamin B6
Serotonin converts into melatonin
1. This requires the presence of SAM-e (S-Adenosyl-L-methionine)

Conclusion: supplementing with L-Tryptophan will increase its levels in your body, but not necessarily boost serotonin or melatonin levels in your brain. For these last steps to happen, you need to deliver the proper nutrients to your body.

More to know:

Serotonin levels are enhanced by carbohydrates because insulin removes some of the amino acids that Tryptophan is competing with. (I am not encouraging eating carbs solely for this purpose and, of course, not any type of carbs).
Protein rich meals decrease serotonin levels in your brain^[14].
80-90% of your body’s serotonin is made in your intestines. But serotonin cannot cross the blood-brain barrier. So all the serotonin that your brain needs has to be made within the brain.

Do we choose L-Tryptophan or L-5-HTP (L-5-Hidroxi-Tryptophan)?

If we talk about serotonin only, the choice is irrelevant. However, as you are already used to if you hanged enough around us, we choose to see the big picture. This being said, unlike L-Tryptophan, 5-HTP cannot be transformed into niacin or protein synthesis^[15]. Therefore, if you want to cover more functions within your body, choose L-Tryptophan.

Moreover, when it comes to neurotransmitters, you need to be very careful to keep them in balance. This means that if you have one neurotransmitter in higher quantity than the others, your brain will most probably work inappropriately^[16].

For those of you aiming for the flow state, you need to know that, bio-chemically, the flow state is reached when a perfect proportion between neurotransmitters is achieved.

What does this have to do with L-Tryptophan?

Well, let’s debug this mechanism.

Tryptophan needs active transport to the brain and competes for the same receptors as other amino acids such as tyrosine, phenylalanine, valine, leucine, and isoleucine.

As L-Tryptophan is the precursor for 5-HTP, which is the precursor for serotonin, there is another essential amino acid, L-Tyrosine, which is the precursor for L-DOPA, which is the precursor for dopamine.

The enzyme L-aromatic amino acid decarboxylase (AAAD) catalyzes both the synthesis of serotonin from 5-HTP and dopamine from L-DOPA. In other words, 5-HTP and L-DOPA compete for the same enzyme.

Other major neurotransmitters, like norepinephrine and epinephrine (known as catecholamines) depend on EAAs like L-Phenilalanine and L-Tyrosine – their precursors.

What does this mean? This means that supplementing with dopamine, serotonin and catecholamine precursors should be carefully balanced. If you decide to take L-Tryptophan, make sure you have a good source of L-Tyrosine and L-Phenylalanine as well. Using only Tryptophan or 5-HTP can override dopamine and/or catecholamine synthesis. This can result in dopamine and other catecholamine depletion.

4 THOT L-Tryptophan – KEY ELEMENTS

4.1 The Source – WHY is our L-Tryptophan no.1 in the world?

One of the most important aspects in the supplement industry, especially when it is about the building blocks of life itself, is THE SOURCE of the supplement. Being pure, with the least possible additives, and the label matching the actual product should not even be mentioned, it should be self-evident. Thot Nutrition has been searching and found the best of the best in every possible aspect of what a product can deliver. What does this mean?
So far, the best L-Tryptophan suppliers on the market have managed to deliver pretty effective whey-based products. Our L-Tryptophan is manufactured by the best producers in the world, with instant absorption and utilization. How many products deliver this kind of efficiency? No digestion needed (just dissolving) and no metabolizing needed (already folded properly).
Our L-Tryptophan supplement is orthomolecular. This means it is properly folded to the left, so the body can utilize it instantly, without any other process needed prior to utilization.
Our L-Tryptophan is plant-based. The basic protein source in nature is either plant-based or animals-based. The reality is that animals are just an intermediate organism in the life chain, build to extract essential amino acids from plants and bring it into a single organism. Thot Nutrition understands the natural order of life and uses modern technology to produce and extract all 9 essential amino acids through biosynthesis, directly from plants, avoiding all the unnecessary effects of meat consumption.
Most L-Tryptophan products are whey-based. Animal meat and animal-based products like whey are just an intermediary form of life in the food chain, designed to deliver the whole range of essential amino acids to the human needs. Whey has passed the test of time, but modern technology brings us to the next level: take your essential amino acids directly from the source. Pure, optimized and carefully formulated by Bralgei Shackry (www.bralgei.com ).
Our L-Tryptophan has a very low molecule. The reduced size allows it to enter places in the body other products could not even dream of. One of the secrets of its efficacy is that it can get to places others cannot, with a very high probability of surpassing the natural protection mechanisms like the blood brain barrier for the brain or the pericardium for the heart.
In addition to that, our L-Tryptophan is high density, so you have more molecules per dose than all the products currently available on the market.

We are proud to bring Japan quality to our country via our state of art products. We deserve the best. YOU deserve the best.

5 Recommendation and posology

According to EFSA (European Food Safety Administration)^[17], L-Tryptophan supplements are reported as safe for administration. The recommended daily intake of L-Tryptophan can vary depending on a person’s age, sex, weight, and activity level.

Mean requirements for indispensable amino acids in infants, children and adolescents (WHO/FAO/UNU, 2007)^[18]

0.5 years: 9.5 mg x kg / day
1-2 years: 6.4 mg x kg / day
3-10 years: 4.8 mg x kg / day
11-14 years: 4.8 mg x kg / day
15-18 years: 4.5 mg x kg / day

Adverse events are mainly gastrointestinal symptoms; however, the risk incidence of gastrointestinal symptoms is very low. The “safety zone” of L-Tryptophan administration in healthy humans is below 6.0 g/d^{^[19]}.

Taking L-Tryptophan in the evening will most probably make you feel good the next day.

Other souces recommend much higher doses. For example, the University of Michigan Health Department reccomendations^[20] :

Lowering appetite and cravings: 0.5 – 2 g/day
Depression or Anxiety: 2 – 6 g/day (with medical supervision)
Chronic pain or migraines: 2 – 4 g/day in divided doses
Sleep disorders or insomnia: 1 – 2 g at bedtime

Tips: supplement L-Tryptophan with a B-Vitamin complex that includes Vitamins B3 and B6, and magnesium. Do not forget to take all the 9 essential amino acids (order Thot Aminos), in order to prevent any imbalance that might occur, especially when we talk about L-Tryptophan and the involved neurotransmitters.

Precautions!!!

This is a first in our article, but this is important.

There is nothing random in nature. No wonder that tryptophan, of all the essential amino acids, is the lowest in concentration. This is because, although it definitely has extraordinarily important roles, raising its level too high may do more harm than good. Never forget: although we stress our bodies and push our limits day by day, balance is a must.

The most important areas to be concerned about are related to tryptophan’s antidepressant effects. Known to be an effective serotonin booster, any amateur user or professional should consider the following information.

Most of the antidepressant drugs (SSRI’s, SNRI’s and MAOI’s) rely on the same mechanism: boosting serotonin levels, one way or another. When combined with tryptophan, serotonin levels are raised even more and all combined studies are made under strict medical supervision.

So what is the danger? It is known as the Serotonin Syndrome. Do not joke with this warning. It can lead to all kinds of nasty and very serious side effects.

6 TAKE at HOME

This article has taken L-Tryptophan from a large perspective to details, from general knowledge to a specific and unique approach. Here are the most important ideas and key elements for you to take and apply:

L-Tryptophan functions & benefits:

Mood regulation
Sleep regulation
Energy production (NAD+ and ATP)
Neurotransmission
Immune system support
Niacin (Vitamin B3) synthesis
Nitric oxide synthesis
Hormone regulation
Antioxidant properties
Brain development and function
Gut health
Protein synthesis

L- Tryptophan uses:

FEEL-GOOD
- Serotonin synthesis
- Mood enhancement
SLEEP REGULATION
- Melatonin synthesis
MEDICAL USES
- Depression and anxiety
- Seasonal Anxiety Disorder
- Insomnia
- Binge eating
- Wound healing
SPORTS PERFORMANCE
IMMUNE support
HORMONE support
BRAIN HEALTH support
Overall improvement in protein metabolism

When it comes to Brain Health, L-Tryptophan is THOT NUTRITION’s gift to you.

Thank you for taking time to read this article!

If you have any questions, please feel free to contact us!

^[1] Building blocks of life and nutrition – What are essential amino acids?

^[2] den Boer J.A., Westenberg H.G. “Behavioral, neuroendocrine, and biochemical effects of 5-hydroxytryptophan administration in panic disorder.” Psychiatry Research. 1990 Mar;31(3):267-78.

^[3] Khaliq S., Haider S., Ahmed S.P., Perveen T., Haleem D.J. “Relationship of brain tryptophan and serotonin in improving cognitive performance in rats.” Pakistan Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences. 2006 Jan;19(1):11-5.

^[4] Booij L., Van der Does A.J., Haffmans P.M., Riedel W.J., Fekkes D, Blom M.J. “The effects of high-dose and low-dose tryptophan depletion on mood and cognitive functions of remitted depressed patients.”Journal of Psychopharmacology. 2005 May;19(3):267-75.

^[5] Wang W, Wang X, Liu L, Liu Z, Han T, Sun C, Yang X. Dietary tryptophan and the risk of obesity and type 2 diabetes: Total effect and mediation effect of sleep duration. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2022 Feb;30(2):515-523.

^[6] Winokur A., Lindberg N.D., Lucki I., Phillips J., Amsterdam J.D. “Hormonal and behavioral effects associated with intravenous L-tryptophan administration.” Psychopharmacology (Berlin). 1986;88(2):213-9.

^[7] Dietary Reference Values for nutrients Summary report European Food Safety Authority (EFSA)

^[8] Javierre C., Segura R., Ventura J.L., Suárez A., Rosés J.M. “L-tryptophan supplementation can decrease fatigue perception during an aerobic exercise with supramaximal intercalated anaerobic bouts in young healthy men.” International Journal of Neuroscience. 2010 May;120(5):319-27.

^[9] Segura R., Ventura J.L. “Effect of L-tryptophan supplementation on exercise performance.” International Journal of Sports Medicine. 1988 Oct;9(5):301-5.

^[10] Shaw K., Turner J., Del Mar C. “Tryptophan and 5-hydroxytryptophan for depression.” Cochrane Database of Systematic Revues. 2002;(1):CD003198.

^[11] Johansson J., et. Al “Altered tryptophan and alanine transport in fibroblasts from boys with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD): an in vitro study” Behavior and Brain Function. 2011; 7: 40.

^[12] McGrath R.E., Buckwald B., Resnick E.V. “The effect of L-tryptophan on seasonal affective disorder.” Journal of Clinical Psychiatry. 1990 Apr;51(4):162-3.

^[13] Caballero B., Finer N., Wurtman R.J. “Plasma amino acids and insulin levels in obesity: response to carbohydrate intake and tryptophan supplements.” Metabolism. 1988 Jul;37(7):672-6.

^[14] Lieberman H.R., Caballero B., Finer N. “The composition of lunch determines afternoon plasma tryptophan ratios in humans.” Journal of Neural Transmission. 1986;65(3-4):211-7.

^[15] Birdsall TC. 5-Hydroxytryptophan: a clinically-effective serotonin precursor. Altern Med Rev. 1998 Aug;3(4):271-80. PMID: 9727088.

^[16] Serotonin and amino acids: partners in delirium pathophysiology?

^[17] Safety and efficacy of L-Tryptophan monohydrochloride and concentrated liquid L-Tryptophan (base) produced by fermentation with Corynebacterium glutamicum KCCM 80216 as feed additive for all animal species

^[18] Scientific Opinion on Dietary Reference Values for protein1 2 EFSA Panel on Dietetic Products, Nutrition, and Allergies (NDA)2, 3 3 4 European Food Safety Authority (EFSA), Parma, Italy

^[19] Comprehensive Safety Assessment of L-Tryptophan Supplementation from Clinical Studies: A Systematic Review. J Nutr. 2020 Oct 1;150(Suppl 1):2561S-2569S.

^[20] “L-Tryptophan” University of Michigan Health System

^[21^] Aspects of Tryptophan and Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide in Immunity: A New Twist in an Old Tale

DISCLAIMER AND COPYRIGH – Thot Nutrition S.R.L.

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L-Lysine the best and only key to collagen and healthy body in 2023

ThotNutrition2025 — Mon, 13 Nov 2023 10:07:22 +0000

1. Introduction

If you want collagen, beauty, skin regeneration, anti-aging, your answer is very simple: L-Lysine and essential amino acids (Thot Aminos) – the best and only way… Then you can skip the science.

In order to produce collagen, you need a lot of L-Lysine and vitamin C
Bralgei Shackry aka Gabriel Pesa

L-Lysine the key to collagen and healthy body

Is that all? Yes. Your body can produce collagen if you have these 2 ingredients.

We give you the highest grade and the highest concentration of L-Lysine on the market.

You take care of the vitamin C

…now let’s go into details and science

L-Lysine the key

Of all the 9 essential amino acids, L-Lysine is a special one when it comes to human body structure, beauty and cosmetics (skin, tendons, blood vessels, cartilages, bones and connective tissue – which anchors cells to each other).

Yes, I’m talking about L-Lysine because it is known especially for collagen synthesis, skin and for stabilizing the structural matrix. Collagen is the most abundant protein in our body[1]. It represents between 25-35% of all proteins and 75% of skin. There is an entire beauty industry . However, few people know the real science behind the production, regeneration and long-time maintenance of the matrix.

There are 28 known types of collagen the most abundant being type I – 90% (skin, tendon, vasculature, organs, bone), type II (cartilage), type III (reticular fibers) and type IV (basement membrane).

The story around collagen is pretty long and complicated, but here you have the opportunity to get the most important conclusions after years of studying and learning about such an important protein. Two of the key essential elements are L-Lysine and Vitamin C. One is an essential amino acid and the other is an essential vitamin. Neither one can be produced by the body. Skin and anti-aging is depending on them.

Don’t you find it a little odd that the synthesis of the most abundant protein in the body depends on two elements that the body cannot produce? Have you ever asked yourself why? I might be wrong, but… depending on an outside nutrient might be one of the Universe’s elegant ways to show to the arrogant human being that he is still part of something bigger than himself.

Coming back to collagen, there are a lot of hydrolyzed forms that are being sold in the entire world. The question is: are supplements really effective? There is a huge debate around this topic: some studies say they work, some say they are not that effective. If you want to see more on this matter, I highly encourage you to read some articles:

Cosmetics industries understood the importance of L-Lysine in skin health and care. Doctors around the world shared their view on L-Lysine and its recognized skincare benefits[2]. However, L-Lysine is not the only factor in this equation. One must not rely on one supplement for its rejuvenating properties. Vitamin C is too a key element, but a proper cellular hydration and a healthy lifestyle is a must. Then we can talk supplements.

L-Lysine is the most effective essential amino acid in skin rejuvenation and it significantly improves our appearance. But L-Lysine does much more than that when it comes to overall health. Together we will discover the details about L-Lysine and its functions, benefits and uses.

Take your time and enjoy reading our article!

2. L-Lysine and Essential Amino Acids in Health, Body Structure and Beauty

L-Lysine is the most important beauty-oriented amino acid of all the 9 essential amino acids (EAAs). This amino acid has many essential roles in various body functions. All of these roles and pathways will be presented in detail. But first, let’s recap:

L-Lysine the key to collagen and healthy body

2.1. What are Essential Amino Acids?

Amino acids are the building blocks of life[3] – they are indispensable to life – the ones the body uses to build up proteins, hormones, neurotransmitters and all that is necessary.

There are 20 amino acids in nature, of which 9 are essential amino acids (they must be supplemented from food, as the human body cannot synthesize them): L-Leucine, L-valine, L-isoleucine, L-tryptophan, L-phenylalanine, L-methionine, L-lysine, L-threonine, L-histidine

Amino acids and enzymes are the key supplements that underlie the optimal functioning of protein metabolism. This is the indispensable team for the human body performance. The reality is that we are all deficient in amino acids. For the curious people, there are test panels for amino acid deficiencies[3].

Amino acids are used for protein synthesis. Proteins are really the molecules that keep our body alive and running. Life would not exist without proteins. And life thrives when we have the right proteins. Most people believe that it is proteins that we need to take out from our diet. I love to break it to you: it’s not proteins, it’s an amino-acids that we need.

The body cannot absorb proteins. They are digested by enzymes and broken down into amino acids. They are absorbed and used to build the appropriate proteins for the human body. I repeat. It’s the amino acids that we need.

2.2 Why ESSENTIAL (INDISPENSABILE) Amino Acids?

As I’ve already mentioned above, essential amino acids are those 9 amino acids that the human body, in the evolutionary process, has lost the genetic ability to synthetize. Therefore, they need to be supplemented from an outside source.

These are the 9 essential amino acids – their roles in the human body:

L-Leucine – stimulates muscle protein synthesis, being directly involved in the functions of anabolism or body growth and development[5].
L-Lysine – is involved in the most important regulatory processes like gene expression, cellular metabolism and protein stability. Practically, L-Lysine is the key to epigenetics[6] and is essential in longevity and regeneration.
L-Isoleucine – is an important regulator of blood sugar, muscle repair and energy regulation[7].
L-Valine – is both an EAA and a BCAA. It is needed for muscle, tissue repair and maintaining an optimal level of nitrogen in the body. Along with leucine and isoleucine, it helps protect muscle tissue[8].
L-Threonine – is important for the production of antibodies, for the immune system and can be converted to glycine and serine. It also contributes to the synthesis of collagen, elastin and tooth enamel and helps in liver metabolism[9].
L-Phenylalanine – stimulates the synthesis and release of neurotransmitters and hormones such as dopamine and norepinephrine, substances necessary for the optimal activity of the Central Nervous System and the Peripheral Nervous System. They are basically the two neurotransmitters that make us “feel good” and get over an intense pain or an unpleasant event more easily[10].
L-Methionine – provides the body with sulfur – sulfur is very important in the synthesis of glutathione – the most powerful antioxidant in the body, the synthesis of cysteine, taurine, as well as other compounds necessary for optimal functioning, growth and regeneration, detoxification[11].
L-Histidine – previously considered non-essential for adults, histidine is involved in important mechanisms involving the immune, inflammatory and digestive systems. It is a precursor for a powerful antioxidant and for an effective UV light protector[12].
L-Tryptophan – helps release basic neurotransmitters, hormones for well-being and sleep. Examples include serotonin (the “hormone of happiness”) and melatonin (the hormone that regulates the sleep-wake cycle)[13].

“It is not protein that we need, it is amino acids:

essential, bio-available, orthomolecular (left-folded)”

Thot Aminos New Bottle – Golden

Read more about essential amino acids by accessing the main article:

Building blocks of life and nutrition – What are essential amino acids?

To find out more about the muscle – the organ of longevity – please read our article L-Leucine – the best key to muscle recovery, health and longevity in 2023,

2.3 L-Lysine – The Most Important Essential Amino Acid for Structural Integrity and BEAUTY

To begin with, L-Lysine, like all the other amino acids in Thot Aminos formula, is an essential amino acid, therefore it needs to be supplemented from an outside source: foods rich in L-Lysine or efficient supplements. The body cannot produce essential amino acids, but they are all vital for the body to accomplish its functions.

Thot Nutrition offers the best formula with the highest quality ingredients.

For biohacking style, we bring to you the best L-Lysine in the world – vegan, pure, orthomolecular, low molecule, high density, low molecule, top quality – ready for direct absorption and utilization.
Bralgei Shackry

L-Lysine the key to collagen and healthy body

Known for its beauty effects, L-Lysine is essential for collagen synthesis, but has multiple roles. The main ones are as it follows:

Functions and Benefits of L-Lysine:

It contributes to collagen synthesis and stabilization of the collagen matrix. Two of the key essential elements in collagen synthesis are L-lysine and vitamin C. One is an essential amino acid and the other is an essential vitamin. None can be produced by the body and need to be taken from outside.
Collagen is an essential structural protein that provides strength, elasticity and support to many tissues, including skin, tendons, ligaments and blood vessels. It’s what actually holds our cells together, in a structured and organized form! Without a solid collagen matrix we would be nothing more than a mass of cells of different shapes and sizes.
Participates in protein synthesis. L-lysine helps decode information stored in mRNA during the translation step, along with other amino acids. Apart from that, it is an essential amino acid that participates in the structure of proteins.
Supports muscle growth and recovery. Intense workouts put a lot of strain on the body, and an optimal collagen matrix ensures strong connective tissues, reducing the risk of injury. In addition, L-lysine facilitates the production of nitric oxide, known for vasodilation and oxygenation of muscles.
Improves liver function and lowers cholesterol levels. L-lysine is an essential amino acid involved in the production of digestive and metabolic enzymes that optimize triglyceride and cholesterol levels regulated by the liver.
Improves calcium absorption. L-Lysine improves calcium absorption from the intestines and potentiates the effects of vitamin D. By forming a strong collagen matrix in bones, calcium is retained in bone tissue in a greater proportion.
Strengthens the immune system. L-Lysine has significant antiviral activity, especially against simple herpesvirus HVS. It has immunomodulatory effects and stimulates the production of antibodies.
It can help manage herpes outbreaks. L-lysine has the ability to reduce the frequency, severity and duration of herpes outbreaks. The HSV virus requires the amino acid arginine to replicate. L-lysine and arginine compete for the absorption pathway, and it is thought that increasing lysine levels and reducing arginine levels may help suppress viral replication.[4]
Helps in the synthesis of hormones. L-lysine has the potential to stimulate the release of growth hormone from the pituitary gland. Growth hormone is essential for growth, development and maintenance of optimal body composition. L-lysine may also play a role in the synthesis of serotonin, known as the “hormone of happiness,” as well as other hormones, like all other essential amino acids.
Supports optimal brain activity. L-lysine is involved in the synthesis of various neurotransmitters, such as serotonin, dopamine and norepinephrine, involved in good mood and pleasure. Optimal levels of lysine contribute to dopamine production, supporting cognitive function, concentration, and motivation. It oxygenates the brain by stimulating nitric oxide synthesis and reducing inflammation and oxidative stress.
Maintains cardiovascular health. By engaging in collagen synthesis, L-lysine helps maintain strong , elastic and resilient blood vessels. In addition, it has the potential to reduce arterial plaque formation, known as atherosclerosis. Studies have also shown that L-lysine supplementation can help lower blood pressure levels.
Regulates gene expression.5]

These pathways all contribute to a healthy and beautiful body, especially the one involving collagen synthesis. We will now break down these mechanisms for you to better understand how exactly can L-Lysine significantly improve your body’s appearance in a way that is not only beautiful, but natural, healthy and long-lasting. Who wouldn’t want a truly long-lasting effect??

[1] Di Lullo GA, Sweeney SM, Korkko J, Ala-Kokko L, San Antonio JD. Mapping the ligand-binding sites and disease-associated mutations on the most abundant protein in the human, type I collagen. J Biol Chem. 2002 Feb 8;277(6):4223-31.

[2] Byrdie – Lysine for Skin

[3] Building blocks of life and nutrition – What are essential amino acids?

[4] Thein DJ, Hurt WC. Lysine as a prophylactic agent in the treatment of recurrent herpes simplex labialis. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol. 1984 Dec;58(6):659-66.

[5] Dambacher S, Hahn M, Schotta G. Epigenetic regulation of development by histone lysine methylation. Heredity (Edinb). 2010 Jul;105(1):24-37.

2 How does L-Lysine improve our body?

This will be an interesting journey.

2.2 L-Lysine is a very important ESSENTIAL amino acid

L-Lysine cannot be produced by the body and must be obtained through diet.
In general, it is best to consume EAAs in a balanced and varied diet. However, for individuals who may not be able to consume and/or extract enough EAAs through diet alone, supplementation is key. It is important to consult with a healthcare provider before starting any supplementation regimen.
There are various L-Lysine rich foods. However, as you may have already read in our main article, the human body generally has trouble digesting, extracting, absorbing, folding and using essential amino acids, including L-Lysine. This comes with aging and appears due to the lack of enzymes – The already “famous” enzymes-amino acids vicious cycle (at least on this website).
Here you can find a list of L-Lysine rich foods. L-Lysine is naturally present in the following foods like[1]:
Beef & lamb meat – 3582 mg/100g
Parmesan – 3306 mg/100g
Poultry meat (turkey or chicken) – 3110 mg/100g
Pork meat – 2757 mg/100g
Soy beans & products – 2634 mg/100g
Tuna fish – 2590 mg/100g
Shrimp – 2172 mg/100g
Pumpkin seeds – 1386 mg/100g
Eggs – 912 mg/100g
White beans – 668 mg/100g
Other fish (cod, sardine) and shellfish
Spirulina and fenugreek seeds

Sure… you can use food as a source for your aminos… but…

For biohacking style, we bring to you the best L-Lysine in the world – vegan, pure, orthomolecular, low molecule, high density, low molecule, top quality – ready for direct absorption and utilization.

3.2 L-Lysine’s FUNCTIONS in the Human Body

3.2.1 L-Lysine supports COLLAGEN FORMATION

Collagen is an essential structural protein that provides strength, elasticity, and support to many tissues, including the skin, tendons, ligaments, and blood vessels. It’s what actually keeps our cells together, in a structured and organized form! Without a solid collagen matrix, we would be nothing but a mass of cells with different shapes and sizes. Long story short, if you manage to optimally and constantly regenerate your collagen matrix, youth and beauty is nothing but a natural consequence! Can it really be done? With the right knowledge and practice, anything can be done!

Collagen synthesis is not a simple process. Moreover, stabilizing the collagen structure is at least as important as its synthesis. To read more on collagen synthesis, please read.

So, let’s see how L-Lysine supports the collagen matrix:

Firstly, L-Lysine is involved in a critical step of collagen synthesis, known as hydroxylation[2]. The addition of hydroxyl groups to some amino acids, such as proline and lysine, provides stability and proper folding of collagen molecules.

Then, L-Lysine helps in cross-linking of collagen fibers[3]. After collagen molecules get out of the cells, there are some enzymatic cross-links between collagen molecules. These cross-links make the collagen fibers stronger and more stable.

L-Lysine contributes to collagen’s stability and structure[4], participating in the formation of hydrogen bonds, electrostatic interactions, and other chemical interactions within and between collagen molecules. All of these helps maintain the triple helical structure of collagen and a proper alignment and organization.

Collagen is known to be synthesized in wound healing, in order to replace damaged or lost tissue. For the collagen production during the wound healing, the body needs sufficient amounts of L-Lysine.

It is now obvious that L-Lysine supports skin health and elasticity. Collagen is a major component of the skin and is responsible for its strength, elasticity, and resilience. Besides the structural support, collagen helps retain moisture, and contribute to the skin’s elasticity.

3.2.2 L-Lysine promotes PROTEIN SYNTHESIS

Protein synthesis is a vital process that involves the creation of new proteins from amino acids. The detailed mechanisms through which L-Lysine participates in protein synthesis are the following:

First and foremost, L-Lysine is an Essential Amino Acid. All essential amino acids must be obtained through the diet, one way or another. Without an adequate supply of L-Lysine or any other essential amino acid, the body cannot synthesize proteins properly. Remember! Proportion is the key! Not too long ago, the egg protein was considered to be the ideal protein for human consumption. More recent studies suggest there can be an even better proportion. The quest for the perfect formula led to the making of Thot Aminos.

Protein synthesis is done through several steps. In the first stage, the genetic information stored in your DNA is transcribed into messenger RNA (mRNA), a process called transcription. Then, the mRNA carries the instructions to the ribosomes, where the information stored in the mRNA is decoded, a process called translation. L-Lysine helps in decoding the information stored in the mRNA during translation, together with other amino acids.

During protein synthesis in the ribosomes, L-Lysine is attached to transfer RNA (tRNA) molecules, forming aminoacyl-tRNA. This compound carries L-Lysine to the ribosomes and it is then matched with the specific codon for L-Lysine in the mRNA sequence, ensuring the correct incorporation of L-Lysine into the growing protein chain. In other words, L-Lysine has to get to a very specific place in the protein chain in order for the protein to be correctly structured and functional, and this is ensured by aminoacyl-tRNA formation.

Last, but not least, L-Lysine participates in peptide bond formation. L-Lysine contributes to the elongation of the protein chain by forming peptide bonds with neighboring amino acids.

3.2.3 L-Lysine supports MUSCLE GROWTH and RECOVERY

L-Lysine’s role in protein synthesis makes it particularly beneficial for muscle growth and recovery. During exercise or physical activity, muscle tissues experience wear and tear, requiring repair and regeneration. However, when we talk about muscle growth, we talk really about the whole THOT AMINOS formula and especially about Thot Nutrition’s top quality L-Leucine.

See also the best L-Leucine on the market. Is a co-factor in protein synthesis.

But, in practice, weightlifting and other physical activities demand very strong connective tissues. L-Lysine’s support in collagen synthesis indirectly aids in my muscle growth by maintaining their integrity and reducing the risk of injuries.

In addition to that, after intense workouts, the body’s immune system can be temporarily compromised. L-Lysine’s role in immune support indirectly helps you stay consistent with your training, without worrying about any illness.

Furthermore, the nitric oxide production facilitated by L-Lysine enhances muscle pump and blood flow during workouts. This increased blood flow delivers more oxygen and nutrients to the muscles, providing an extra boost for growth and aiding in post-workout recovery.

Lastly, L-Lysine’s antioxidant properties have been valuable in combating the oxidative stress induced by intense exercise, allowing faster recovery for the muscles. However, remember that, when it comes to muscle, L-Lysine may help, but you need all 9 essential aminos, especially L-Leucine.

3.2.4 L-Lysine enhances CALCIUM ABSORBTION, RETENTION & UTILIZATION [5]

Calcium is an essential mineral that is crucial for various bodily functions, including bone health, muscle contractions, nerve transmission, and blood clotting. L-Lysine ensures that an adequate amount of calcium is available for these functions.

Lysine has been found to enhance calcium absorption in the intestines: L-Lysine works hand in hand with calcium transporters in your body, ensuring that calcium from your diet gets absorbed efficiently into your bloodstream.

As you surely know by now, L-Lysine is involved in collagen synthesis, the protein that forms the structural framework of your bones. When collagen is strong, it helps retain calcium within the bone matrix. Bones are made of 60% collagen and 40% a mix of 12 minerals including (Boron, Calcium, Chromium, Iron, Magnesium, Manganese, Selenium, Sodium, Potassium, Sulfur, Silica and Phosphorus) plus 65 trace minerals, including. So, by supporting collagen production, L-Lysine contributes to maintaining healthy calcium levels in your bones.

L-Lysine also plays a role in the synthesis of calcium-binding proteins, which help regulate the levels of calcium within your cells. These proteins ensure that calcium is properly utilized in various cellular processes throughout your body.

Few know that L-Lysine and vitamin D work together to optimize calcium absorption. Vitamin D helps regulate calcium levels and promotes its absorption from the intestines, while L-Lysine enhances the effects of vitamin D on calcium absorption.

Maintaining a rich ionic calcium diet is done through consuming leafy green salads. Green leaves store enough calcium, without needing to supplement it. It is more important to regulate calcium metabolism than to supplement with calcium!

3.2.5 L-Lysine boosts IMMUNE FUNCTION

Lysine plays a significant role in supporting a healthy immune system. It is involved in the production of antibodies, which are proteins that help identify and neutralize foreign invaders such as bacteria, viruses, and other pathogens.

This essential amino acid has been studied for its potential antiviral properties, particularly against certain types of viruses, including the herpes simplex virus (HSV)[6].

Adequate levels of L-Lysine are necessary for the optimal functioning of immune cells like lymphocytes and natural killer (NK) cells, which are responsible for recognizing and eliminating pathogens.

L-Lysine has been shown to have immunomodulatory effects, regulating the production of certain immune factors, such as cytokines. This modulation helps in preventing excessive inflammation or immune overactivity.

And last but not least, L-Lysine supplementation has been found to reduce the effects of stress, by reducing cortisol levels[7]. Stress can weaken immune function, making you more susceptible to infections. L-Lysine may help counteract some of the negative impacts of stress on the immune system.

3.2.6 L-Lysine may help manage viral and HERPES infections

Lysine has gained attention for its potential role in managing outbreaks caused by the herpes simplex virus. Let’s see what are the biological and molecular mechanisms involved in this.

Herpes Simplex Viral Infections: HSV-1 is primarily responsible for cold sores (oral herpes), while HSV-2 is associated with genital herpes. L-Lysine has been investigated for its ability to reduce the frequency, severity, and duration of outbreaks in these conditions[8].

HSV requires the amino acid arginine to replicate. L-Lysine and arginine share a common pathway for absorption, and it is believed that increasing the ratio of lysine to arginine can help suppress viral replication. L-Lysine competes with arginine for absorption and utilization, potentially limiting arginine’s availability for viral replication. By increasing lysine levels and reducing arginine levels, lysine supplementation may help inhibit viral replication and reduce the frequency, duration, and severity of herpes outbreaks, including cold sores[9].

Even if some studies suggest potential benefits of L-Lysine for herpes management, results may vary from person to person. It’s recommended to consult with a healthcare professional for personalized advice.

3.2.7 L-Lysine assists in HORMONE PRODUCTION

L-Lysine has been studied for its potential to stimulate the release of growth hormone from the pituitary gland. Growth hormone is essential for growth, development, and maintaining healthy body composition. L-Lysine supplementation has been found to enhance the effects of growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH), which may contribute to increased growth hormone secretion.

In my opinion, stimulating HGH is the most important factor for antiaging corelated with L-Lysine.

L-Lysine and arginine share a competitive relationship for absorption and cellular uptake. Studies suggest that maintaining an appropriate balance between lysine and arginine levels may impact certain hormone pathways. For example, lysine can inhibit arginine-induced insulin release, potentially influencing insulin regulation in the body.

Moreover, L-Lysine may play a role in serotonin synthesis. Serotonin is a neurotransmitter and hormone that regulates mood, appetite, and sleep. A deficiency in lysine could potentially affect serotonin levels.

Please consult a healthcare professional before supplementing with L-Lysine, particularly when talking about hormones.

3.2.8 L-Lysine supports BRAIN HEALTH

L-Lysine is involved in the synthesis of various neurotransmitters such as serotonin, dopamine, and norepinephrine. Adequate lysine levels help maintain balanced serotonin levels, promoting a positive mood and emotional well-being[10], while dopamine is a neurotransmitter associated with reward, motivation, and pleasure. Optimal lysine levels contribute to dopamine production, supporting cognitive function, focus, and motivation.

Moreover, scientific evidence suggests that the brain’s nitric oxide (NO) signaling system may be involved in schizophrenia and could thus constitute a treatment. The study was designed to investigate the benefit of L-lysine, which interferes with NO production, as an add-on treatment for schizophrenia[11].

Having antioxidant properties, L-Lysine can help neutralize harmful free radicals in the brain. By reducing oxidative stress and health by reducing inflammation and immune-related damage, L-Lysine may help protect brain cells in cognitive decline and neurodegenerative diseases.

3.2.9 L-Lysine helps maintain CARDIOVASCULAR HEALTH

Cardiovascular disease is one of the top health problems worldwide. It is only natural for healthcare practitioners to search for natural and effective solutions to help in this area. Although L-Lysine is not the main essential amino acid to improve cardiovascular health, it has some benefits worth mentioning. Since the heart muscle is a muscle, for muscle and cardiovascular health, please read our article L-Leucine – the best key to muscle recovery, health and longevity in 2023,

By being involved in collagen synthesis L-Lysine indirectly provides structural support to blood vessels. Collagen helps maintain strong, elastic, and resistant blood vessels. Healthy blood vessels have a major contribution to cardiovascular health, especially when we talk about hypertension.

L-Lysine has also been studied for its potential to reduce the formation of arterial plaque, known as atherosclerosis. L-Lysine may prevent the accumulation of lipoprotein, a type of cholesterol associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease.

Studies have also shown that L-Lysine supplementation can help lower blood pressure levels, particularly in individuals with hypertension[12]. Therefore, the risk of cardiovascular events such as heart attacks and strokes may be decreased.

In general, whenever we talk about chronic disease, we talk about chronic inflammation. The cardiovascular system is no exception. Known to reduce inflammation, L-Lysine may help prevent heart disease and protect the heart and vessels. L-Lysine is also known for its antioxidant effects, which can help neutralize free radicals and reduce oxidative stress in the cardiovascular system.

L-Lysine is an essential nutrient which can support cardiovascular health, that’s true. However, do not neglect your cardiovascular care provided by your medical practitioner, nor a healthy diet or lifestyle. When it comes to the heart, it’s serious business.

3.2.10 L-Lysine and EPIGENETICS (Regulating GENE EXPRESION)

There isn’t substantial evidence to suggest that L-Lysine directly regulates gene expression in a well-established and direct manner, but there are studies that suggests this:

Enzymes of Epigenetics, Part A

D. Hayward, P.A. Cole, in Methods in Enzymology, 2016

Abstract:

The lysine-specific demethylase (LSD1) is a flavin-dependent amine oxidase that selectively removes one or two methyl groups from histone H3 at the Lys4 position. Along with histone deacetylases 1 and 2, LSD1 is involved in epigenetically silencing gene expression. LSD1 has been implicated as a potential therapeutic target in cancer and other diseases. In this chapter, we discuss several approaches to measure LSD1 demethylase activity and their relative strengths and limitations for inhibitor discovery and mechanistic characterization. In addition, we review the principal established chemical functional groups derived from monoamine oxidase inhibitors that have been investigated in the context of LSD1 as demethylase inhibitors. Finally, we highlight a few examples of recently developed LSD1 mechanism-based inactivators and their biomedical applications.

However, the regulation of gene expression is a complex process involving multiple factors, including transcription factors, epigenetic modifications, and various signaling pathways. While amino acids, including l-lysine, are essential for the synthesis of proteins, they typically do not have a direct role in the control of gene expression at the molecular level.

It’s important to note that scientific understanding evolves, and new research may emerge. If there have been developments in the field of molecular biology or biochemistry after my last update, I recommend checking more recent sources or scientific literature for the latest information on the topic.

3.3 Medical uses for L-Lysine

Although this article is not about medical advice of any kind, although the purpose of this article is in educating the people towards a healthy lifestyle, which naturally prevents disease, we cannot ignore the fact that nutrients like L-Lysine and the others have been discovered to have some medical uses. L-Lysine, the natural form of the amino acid lysine, has several recognized therapeutic applications. These are the main ones:

3.3.1 L-Lysine in Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) infections:

L-Lysine is commonly used as a dietary supplement to manage outbreaks of herpes simplex virus infections, including cold sores (oral herpes) and genital herpes. Some studies suggest that high-dose lysine supplementation may help reduce the frequency, duration, and severity of outbreaks. Lysine is believed to inhibit the replication of the herpes virus by competing with arginine, which is required for viral replication.

3.3.2 L-Lysine in Osteoporosis:

Lysine plays a role in calcium absorption and collagen synthesis, both of which are important for bone health[13]. Some studies have suggested that lysine supplementation, in combination with other nutrients like calcium and vitamin D, may help improve bone mineral density and reduce the risk of osteoporosis, especially in postmenopausal women.

3.3.3 L-Lysine in Anxiety and Stress

Lysine is involved in the synthesis of neurotransmitters like serotonin, which plays a role in mood regulation. Some evidence suggests that lysine supplementation may help reduce anxiety symptoms and promote a sense of calmness[14].

3.3.4 L-Lysine in Wound Healing:

Lysine’s involvement in collagen synthesis makes it important for wound healing. Collagen is a key component of skin tissue, and adequate lysine levels are necessary for the production and proper arrangement of collagen fibers. Lysine supplementation may help support wound healing, particularly in cases of surgical incisions, burns, and other skin injuries.

3.3.5 L-Lysine in Viral Infections:

Besides herpes viruses, lysine has been investigated for its potential antiviral activity against other viruses, such as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), and human papillomavirus (HPV). However, more research is required to determine its effectiveness against these viral infections.

While L-Lysine has shown promise in these areas, larger and more high-quality research is needed to establish its effectiveness and determine optimal dosages. Please consult with a healthcare professional before starting L-Lysine supplementation.

4 L-Lysine – KEY ELEMENTS in HEALTH, BODY STRUCTURE & BEAUTY

4.1 The Source – WHY is our L-Lysine no.1 in the world?

One of the most important aspects in the supplement industry, especially when it is about the building blocks of life itself, is THE SOURCE of the supplement. Being pure, with the least possible additives, and the label matching the actual product should not even be mentioned, it should be self-evident. Thot Nutrition has been searching and found the best of the best in every possible aspect of what a product can deliver. What does this mean?
So far, the best L-Lysine suppliers on the market have managed to deliver pretty effective whey-based products. Our L-Lysine is manufactured by the best producers in the world, with instant absorption and utilization. How many products deliver this kind of efficiency? No digestion needed (just dissolving) and no metabolizing needed (already folded properly).
Our L-Lysine is soluble; making is very easy to be absorbed and used by the body with almost no processing.
Our L-Lysine supplement is orthomolecular. This means it is properly folded to the left, so the body can utilize it instantly, without any other process needed prior to utilization.
Our L-Lysine is plant-based. The basic protein source in nature is either plant-based or animals-based. The reality is that animals are just an intermediate organism in the life chain, build to extract essential amino acids from plants and bring it into a single organism. Thot Nutrition understands the natural order of life and uses modern technology to produce and extract all 9 essential amino acids through biosynthesis, directly from plants, avoiding all the unnecessary effects of meat consumption. Most L-Lysine products are whey-based. Animal meat and animal-based products like whey are just an intermediary form of life in the food chain, designed to deliver the whole range of essential amino acids to the human needs. Whey has passed the test of time, but modern technology brings us to the next level: take your essential amino acids directly from the source. Pure, optimized and carefully formulated by Bralgei Shackry (www.bralgei.com ).
Our L-Lysine has a very low molecule. The reduced size allows it to enter places in the body other products could not even dream of. One of the secrets of its efficacy is that it can get to places others cannot, with a very high probability of surpassing the natural protection mechanisms like the blood brain barrier for the brain or the pericardium for the heart.
In addition to that, our L-Lysine is high density, so you have more molecules per dose than all the products currently available on the market.

We are proud to bring Japan quality to our country via our state of art products. We deserve the best.

YOU deserve the best.

4.2 L-Lysine – the “BEAUTY Wizard” of Essential Amino Acids

Type I collagen is the most abundant structural protein in vertebrates. It is composed of two α1 chains and one α2 chain, forming a long triple helix. During biosynthesis, collagen acquires many post-translational modifications, including lysine modifications, critical to the structure and biological functions of this protein. These modifications of collagen are highly complicated[15] and they are catalyzed by several groups of enzymes, all going to the final step of biosynthesis – covalent intermolecular cross-linking of collagen.

L-Lysine has been found to have a synergistic effect when combined with vitamin C. These two nutrients work together to promote collagen synthesis, boost immune function, and support overall health. Vitamin C helps enhance the absorption and utilization of L-Lysine in the body, making them a powerful combination for various health benefits.

When it comes to beauty, L-Lysine can be a helpful ally for your skin, hair, and nails. By supporting collagen synthesis, it can improve the elasticity of your skin, reducing the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles. This amino acid also plays a role in healthy hair growth and strengthening your nails.

If you’re looking to upgrade your beauty routine, you might seriously consider adding L-Lysine into your daily intake. Of course, real and long-term self-care needs a holistic approach: for more details, check out my article on Longevity Practices.

4.3 L-Lysine in REJUVENATION & ANTI-AGING

In addition to collagen synthesis, L-Lysine may be very important in the activation of mTORC1[16].

Mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) is a protein complex that functions as a nutrient/energy/redox sensor and controls protein synthesis activity. It is sensitive to changes in amino acid levels, especially to L-Lysine, regulating cell growth and metabolism.

I have already mentioned the role of the lysine in the production of HGH (Human Growh Hormone) that is essential to regeneration, rejuvenation and youth.

Moreover, there is a L-Lysine containing peptide, called GHK (glycyl-L-histidyl-L-lysine) known to be a natural modulator in skin regeneration. GHK is present in human plasma, saliva and urine but declines with age. GHK coupled with copper may accelerate wound healing and skin repair.

Health & beauty benefits are proposed by recent discoveries as presented below:

stimulates both synthesis and breakdown of collagen
stimulates production of HGH
modulates the activity of both metalloproteinases and their inhibitors
stimulates dermatan sulfate, chondroitin sulfate and decorin (proteinoglycan) in cartilage
restores vitality to fibroblasts after radiation therapy
attracts immune and endothelial cells to the site of an injury
accelerates systemic wound-healing
stimulates hair follicles, gastrointestinal tract, boney tissue

In cosmetic products, it has been found to tighten loose skin and improve skin elasticity, density and firmness, to reduce fine lines and wrinkles, photodamage and hyper-pigmentation, and to increase keratinocyte production. According to recent studies, GHK has could be a therapeutic agent in skin inflammation, COPD and colon cancer. It is known for the capacity to up- and downregulate at least 4,000 human genes, in other words for being capable of resetting DNA to a healthier state [17].

So… knowing all that, L-Lysine really seems to be “beauty queen of essential amino acids”

5 Recommendation and posology

According to EFSA (European Food Safety Administration)[18], L-Lysine supplements are reported as safe for administration. The recommended daily intake of L-Lysine can vary depending on a person’s age, sex, weight, and activity level.

L-Lysine supplements are available in various forms, including powders, capsules, and tablets. The dosage and form of L-Lysine supplementation can vary depending on the individual’s needs and goals. In general, L-Lysine intake in the Western human diet is in the range 40-180 mg/kg/day. An upper limit of 300-400 mg/kg/day can be considered in humans[19].

Adverse events are mainly gastrointestinal symptoms; however, the risk incidence of gastrointestinal symptoms is very low. The “safety zone” of L-Lysine administration in healthy humans is below 6.0 g/d [20].

It is important to note that L-Lysine supplements should not be used as a substitute for a healthy diet. It is best to consume L-Lysine as part of a well-balanced diet that includes all the 9 essential amino acids, as formulated in Thot Aminos, together with whole and healthy foods.

In general, a dose of 30-60 mg/kg/day (or an average of 2-3 g/day) of L-lysine is sufficient. The upper limit is around 80 mg/kg/day. Doses may be adjusted as needed according to the following recommendations:

Adults:

Easy physical activity / adult 70 kg: 2-3/day (30 mg/kg x d^-1)
Moderate physical activity/ adult 70 kg: 3-4/day (45 mg/kg x d^-1)
Hard physical activity / adult 70 kg: 4-5/day (60 mg/kg x d^-1)

Teenagers:

Easy physical activity / teenager 43 kg: 1-2/day (35 mg/kg x d^-1)
Easy physical activity / teenager 63 kg: 1-2/day (33 mg/kg x d^-1)

Recommended doses of essential amino acids for adults (WHO/FAO/UNU, 2007)

Aminoacid	mg/kg x d^-1	pe adult 70 kg
Leucine	39.00	2,730.00
Valine	26.00	1,820.00
Izoleucine	20.00	1,400.00
Lysine	30.00	2,100.00
phenilalanine + Tyrosine	25.00	1,750.00
Threonine	15.00	1,050.00
Methionine + Cysteine	10.40	728.00
Histidine	10.00	700.00
Triptofan	4.00

Recommended doses for essential amino acids infants, children and adolescents (WHO/FAO/UNU, 2007)

	0.5 ani		1-2 ani		3-10 ani		11-14 ani		15-18 ani
Aminoacid	mg/kg x d^-1	pe copil 5 kg	mg/kg x d^-1	pe copil 12 kg	mg/kg x d^-1	pe copil 23 kg	mg/kg x d^-1	pe copil 43 kg	mg/kg x d^-1	pe copil 61 kg
Leucine	73.00	365.00	54.00	648.00	44.00	1,012.00	44.00	1,892.00	42.00	2,562.00
Valine	49.00	245.00	36.00	432.00	29.00	667.00	29.00	1,247.00	28.00	1,708.00
Izoleucine	36.00	180.00	27.00	324.00	23.00	529.00	22.00	946.00	21.00	1,281.00
Lysine	64.00	320.00	45.00	540.00	35.00	805.00	35.00	1,505.00	33.00	2,013.00
phenilalanine + Tyrosine	59.00	295.00	40.00	480.00	30.00	690.00	30.00	1,290.00	28.00	1,708.00
Threonine	34.00	170.00	23.00	276.00	18.00	414.00	18.00	774.00	17.00	1,037.00
Methionine + Cysteine	31.00	155.00	22.00	264.00	18.00	414.00	17.00	731.00	16.00	976.00
Histidine	22.00	110.00	15.00	180.00	12.00	276.00	12.00	516.00	11.00	671.00
Triptofan	9.50	47.50	6.40	76.80	4.80	110.40	4.80	206.40	4.50	274.50

*L-Lysine is more effectively used if taken on an empty stomach, at least 30 minutes away from meals or snacks. It does not require digestion, only dissolution. It has a very small size and is absorbed directly into the blood, is orthomolecular and does not require metabolism, being ready for use. **Essential amino acids have NO contraindications and L-lysine is recognized at European level by EFSA as safe for administration. At very high doses (above 6 g/day), discomfort in the digestive system may occur. The body does not produce them, they need to be taken from the outside and we need them all our lives. L-Lysine is an essential amino acid. For other recommendations, consult your doctor or therapist.

Thank you for taking time to read this article!

If you have any questions, please feel free to contact us:

Mail: office@thotnutrition.com

[1] https://supplements.selfdecode.com/blog/lysine-health-benefits/

[2] Yamauchi M, Sricholpech M. Lysine post-translational modifications of collagen. Essays Biochem. 2012;52:113-33.

[3] Yamauchi M, Taga Y, Hattori S, Shiiba M, Terajima M. Analysis of collagen and elastin cross-links. Methods Cell Biol. 2018;143:115-132.

[4] Yamauchi M, Terajima M, Shiiba M. Lysine Hydroxylation and Cross-Linking of Collagen. Methods Mol Biol. 2019;1934:309-324.

[5] Civitelli R, Villareal DT, Agnusdei D, Nardi P, Avioli LV, Gennari C. Dietary L-lysine and calcium metabolism in humans. Nutrition. 1992 Nov-Dec;8(6):400-5.

[6] McCune MA, Perry HO, Muller SA, O’Fallon WM. Treatment of recurrent herpes simplex infections with L-lysine monohydrochloride. Cutis. 1984 Oct;34(4):366-73.

[7] Smriga M, Ando T, Akutsu M, Furukawa Y, Miwa K, Morinaga Y. Oral treatment with L-lysine and L-arginine reduces anxiety and basal cortisol levels in healthy humans. Biomed Res. 2007 Apr;28(2):85-90.

[8] Griffith RS, Walsh DE, Myrmel KH, Thompson RW, Behforooz A. Success of L-lysine therapy in frequently recurrent herpes simplex infection. Treatment and prophylaxis. Dermatologica. 1987;175(4):183-90.

[9] Griffith RS, Norins AL, Kagan C. A multicentered study of lysine therapy in Herpes simplex infection. Dermatologica. 1978;156(5):257-67.

[10] Jalal K, Khan F, Nawaz S, Afroz R, Khan K, Ali SB, Hao L, Khan SA, Kazi M, Uddin R, Haleem DJ. Anxiolytic, anti-nociceptive and body weight reducing effects of L-lysine in rats: Relationship with brain serotonin an In-Vivo and In-Silico study. Biomed Pharmacother.

[11] Wass C, Klamer D, Katsarogiannis E, Pålsson E, Svensson L, Fejgin K, Bogren IB, Engel JA, Rembeck B. L-lysine as adjunctive treatment in patients with schizophrenia: a single-blinded, randomized, cross-over pilot study. BMC Med. 2011 Apr 18;9:40.

[12] Vuvor, F., Mohammed, H., Ndanu, T. et al. Effect of lysine supplementation on hypertensive men and women in selected peri-urban community in Ghana. BMC Nutr 3, 67 (2017).

[13] Civitelli R, Villareal DT, Agnusdei D, Nardi P, Avioli LV, Gennari C. Dietary L-lysine and calcium metabolism in humans. Nutrition. 1992 Nov-Dec;8(6):400-5.

[14] Smriga M, Ghosh S, Mouneimne Y, Pellett PL, Scrimshaw NS. Lysine fortification reduces anxiety and lessens stress in family members in economically weak communities in Northwest Syria. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 Jun 1;101(22):8285-8.

[15] Yamauchi M, Sricholpech M. Lysine post-translational modifications of collagen. Essays Biochem. 2012;52:113-33.

[16] Jang SK, Hong SE, Lee DH, Hong J, Park IC, Jin HO. Lysine is required for growth factor-induced mTORC1 activation. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2020 Dec 17;533(4):945-951.

[17] Pickart L, Vasquez-Soltero JM, Margolina A. GHK Peptide as a Natural Modulator of Multiple Cellular Pathways in Skin Regeneration. Biomed Res Int. 2015;2015:648108.

[18] Safety and efficacy of l-lysine monohydrochloride and concentrated liquid l-lysine (base) produced by fermentation with Corynebacterium glutamicum KCCM 80216 as feed additive for all animal species

[19] Tomé D, Bos C. Lysine requirement through the human life cycle. J Nutr. 2007 Jun;137(6 Suppl 2):1642S-1645S.

[20] Comprehensive Safety Assessment of l-Lysine Supplementation from Clinical Studies: A Systematic Review. J Nutr. 2020 Oct 1;150(Suppl 1):2561S-2569S.

L-Leucine; the best key to muscle recovery, health & longevity in 2023

ThotNutrition2025 — Sat, 22 Apr 2023 14:34:58 +0000

The research on amino acids and their metabolism coupled with real life experiences has led us to the conclusion that, although the use of the best Essential Amino Acids (EAAs) in the world has a tremendous benefit in longevity and overall health, there was something that could be done in order to significantly enhance the already extraordinary results.

Now we know that this “something” is called L-Leucine,

L-Leucine is the master of essential amino acids(EAAs), the key to muscle recovery, health, longevity and body protein synthesis.

Download pDF version

I invite you to read this article in order to understand almost all there is to know about L-Leucine and its functions, benefits and uses. Enjoy!

DISCLAIMER AND COPYRIGH – Thot Nutrition S.R.L.

WARNING AND DISCLAIMER. The information provided and the products mentioned or provided by this document / site ( www.thotnutrition.com ) are not intended to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease or condition. The information provided by this website and by the materials published on this site is not a substitute for a medical consultation or for a medical advice of any kind. We certify that there is a possibility that the information provided by this document / site or certain information in the included pages or documents may be medically incorrect.

By using this information, or by reading it, the user understands and accepts that the entire responsibility belongs to the user in full, exonerating from any legal responsibility the Thot Nutrition S.R.L team, www.thotnutrition.com , shareholders, site owners, employees, partners, collaborators and suppliers mentioned herein or who provided the information or services mentioned in the submitted documents / site, including the incorrect information provided through negligence. The use of the information and techniques described in this document / site is entirely at your own risk. If you do not agree with this warning and disclaimer, please do not read further and delete any document downloaded from www.thotnutrition.com

1 Introduction and general information about L-Leucine

L-Leucine may be the most important of all the 9 essential amino acids (EAAs). This amino acid, a branched-chained amino acid (BCAA) is the most important one in muscle protein synthesis, but has many other essential roles in cell metabolism. All of these roles and pathways will be presented in detail. But first, let’s see what are Essential Amino Acids?

1.1 Essential Amino Acids in Longevity

1.1.1 Essential Amino Acids

Amino acids are the building blocks of life – they are the ones the body uses to build up proteins
There are 20 amino acids in nature, of which 9 are essential amino acids (they must be supplemented from food, as the human body cannot synthesize them): L-valine, L-Leucine, L-isoleucine, L-tryptophan, L-phenylalanine, L-methionine, L-lysine, L-threonine, L-histidine
Amino acids and enzymes are the key supplements that underlie the optimal functioning of protein metabolism. This is the indispensable team for the human body performance.
The quest for the perfect formula led to the best EAAs of all times: THOT AMINOS – 39% L-Leucine.
Read more by accessing the main article: Building blocks of life and nutrition – What are essential amino acids?

1.1.2 Muscle mass in Health and Longevity

As far as proteins and amino acids go, science seems to be at the very beginning in discovering amino acids and their importance, roles and pathways in the human body. This is good. It appears like someone has finally spotted the tip of the iceberg regarding amino acids and protein metabolism and willing to dig deeper in order to better understand how deep, how wide and how complex this domain actually is.

Recent studies have confirmed that muscle mass and muscle quality has a big impact on the metabolic age. It is only natural to study and to look for the best solutions available nowadays in order to build the highest quality muscle that can be built: the purest, the smartest and the most efficient. Therefore, the first element to look at when it comes to muscle is protein. More specifically – amino acids.

It is not protein that we need, it is amino acids: essential, bio-available, orthomolecular (left-packed).

1.2 L-Leucine and BCAAs in building muscle

1.2.1 BCAAs in building muscle

For many years BCAAs were the most used protein for building muscle mass[1].
”BCAAs” stands for ”Branched Chained Amino Acids”.
This means that the molecular structure of these type of amino acids is not linear, but it is a branched structure. There are three BCAAs: Leucine, Isoleucine and Valine.
Although BCAAs are well-known for efficiently building muscle mass, their use and efficacy is found to be highly inferior to a complete formula of Essential Amino Acids (EAAs)
Moreover, of the 3 BCAAs, L-Leucine is the one which actually has a role in protein synthesis, the other two not having a real contribution to the process.

1.2.2 EFSA (European Food Safety Administration) health claims for BCAAs

According to EFSA, BCAAs gained some important health claims[2] overtime. The most important ones are as follows:

BCAAs help in growth and maintenance of muscle mass
attenuation of the decline in muscle power output following high-altitude exercise
faster recovery from muscle fatigue after exercise
improved mental performance after exercise
reduction in perceived exertion during exercise
maintenance of a healthy immune system

2 What is L-Leucine and how it improves our body?

2.1 L-Leucine is a very important ESSENTIAL amino acid

L-Leucine cannot be produced by the body and must be obtained through diet.
L-Leucine is a BCAA (branch chained amino acid)
It is found in a variety of foods, including meat, fish, beans, and nuts.
Although it is the “superstar” of the essential amino acids (EAAs), it is recommended to combine L-Leucine with the rest of them: L-valine, L-isoleucine, L-tryptophan, L-phenylalanine, L-methionine, L-lysine, L-threonine, L-histidine[3].
The recommended way to administer L-Leucine in combination with other essential amino acids (EAAs) depends on the specific goal or purpose of supplementation. There isn’t a general recommendation, since every organism is unique, but there are some science-based guidelines which can be of great use.
For example, in muscle protein synthesis and recovery, it is recommended to consume a combination of EAAs, including L-Leucine, in a dose range of 10-15 grams per day. The optimal ratio of EAAs varies, but a common ratio is 2:1:1 of leucine, isoleucine, and valine. This ratio is based on the idea that leucine is the most potent stimulator of muscle protein synthesis, and the other two amino acids support the process.
For endurance performance, a combination of EAAs with carbohydrates may be more beneficial. This is because the combination can help reduce muscle damage, preserve glycogen stores in muscles, and delay fatigue during prolonged exercise. However, carbohydrate consumption has its undesired effects which should be considered. If there are better solutions which do not involve sugars to get the same result, why not use them? Continue reading to find out more.
For weight loss, a combination of EAAs may help preserve muscle mass while in a caloric deficit[4]. This can be particularly important for individuals on a low-calorie diet, as they may be at risk of losing muscle mass along with body fat.
In older individuals, it is found that the daily protein intake should be at least 1.2 g/kg/day, with emphasis on L-Leucine[5].
In general, it is best to consume EAAs in a balanced and varied diet, as they work together to support many important functions in the body. However, for individuals who may not be able to consume enough EAAs through diet alone, supplementation may be beneficial. It is important to consult with a healthcare provider before starting any supplementation regimen.

2.2 MAIN Body Functions for L-Leucine

L-Leucine has several important functions in the body. The mechanisms and pathways in which this essential amino acid operates in the body are many more, but diving too deep is not really the purpose of the article.

The purpose is to deliver an overall image of its benefits along with the most efficient ways to use L-Leucine, as far as it has been discovered.

Therefore, as a big picture, L-Leucine has an important effect in:

Muscle building: L-Leucine is one of the three branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) and has been shown to stimulate muscle protein synthesis, which can help increase muscle mass and strength.
Athletic performance: it has been shown that L-Leucine may improve endurance and exercise performance by reducing muscle damage and fatigue during prolonged exercise.
Blood sugar control: L-Leucine may help regulate blood sugar levels by promoting glucose uptake in cells and increasing insulin sensitivity.
Wound healing: being an anabolic amino acid, L-Leucine may aid in the healing of wounds by stimulating the production of new tissue.
Cognitive function: L-Leucine has been found to have potential cognitive benefits, such as improving memory and reducing cognitive decline that come along with the aging process.

2.3 L-Leucine in Health and Nutrition – General Knowledge

Most of the scientific studies and experiments regarding L-Leucine are chosen in accordance to a few main pathways which have been discovered to be of huge importance in the main aspects of human health.
The most important of all is the activation of a protein named mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin). This pathway alone is now known to be at the core of the most important processes.
Leucine, like Valine and Isoleucine, is a BCAA. It is one of the two exclusive ketogenic amino acids, Lysine being the other one[6]. They are degraded into the precursors for ketonebody synthesis, acetyl-CoA and acetoacetate[7]. This means they can be very easily used for ATP synthesis, a.k.a. energy production, in a very clean manner, via ketosis.
Leucine stimulates muscle protein synthesis, being directly involved in the functions of anabolism or body growth and development[8]. It seems to be one of the most abundant essential amino acids in high quality protein foods.
Leucine helps in protein synthesis through activation of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway. It promotes energy metabolism (glucose uptake, mitochondrial biogenesis, and fatty acid oxidation) to provide energy for protein synthesis and inhibits protein degradation. Approximately 80 % of Leucine is normally used for protein synthesis, while the rest is converted to its metabolites (α-KIC and HMB) in skeletal muscle, which are also believed to increase protein synthesis, inhibit protein degradation, and regulate energy[9].
To summarize its main benefits, L-Leucine influences many cell functions including activation of allosteric enzymes[10] (Allosteric Enzyme Regulation. Allosteric enzymes are activated or inhibited by substances produced in the pathway in which the enzymes function. These substances are called modulators and can alter the activity of allosteric enzymes by changing their conformation. Adenosine monophosphate (AMP), adenosine diphosphate (ADP), and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) are important modulators of allosteric enzymes in carbohydrate metabolism. The effect of ATP is opposed by AMP and ADP. When energy supply is adequate, ATP accumulates and negatively modulates enzymes that catalyze energy-producing or catabolic pathways, e.g., glycolysis. When energy is depleted and ATP concentration is decreased, AMP and ADP accumulate. As a result, there is a need for energy production and a positive modulation of allosteric enzymes in catabolic pathways. An increase in ATP inhibits further energy production and blocks glycolytic enzymes, whereas an increase in AMP or ADP stimulates glycolytic enzymes for energy production), enabling ATP synthesis, insulin secretion and activation of signaling pathways. It stimulates anabolic hormone secretion and directly signals protein deposition and growth through protein synthesis stimulation and proteolysis restriction. In animals, dietary L-Leucine has reversed adverse influences of a high fat diet. In humans, it showed a healthy weight maintenance, with evidence accumulating to sustain this[11].
A high human Leucine requirement may be explained due to a high demand in metabolic adaptation requirements.

2.4 L-Leucine SPECIFIC Functions – The “HOWs”

Now that we have seen the MAIN functions, accompanied by a general knowledge regarding this important essential amino acid, we’ll see some details about the SPECIFIC functions. This chapter is important in order to understand the mechanisms which lay at the basis of LONGEVITY and involve L-Leucine – the “HOW’s”. They each have a key role in this process, so make sure you check them all.

Additionally, individuals with certain medical conditions or taking certain medications should consult with a healthcare provider before taking L-Leucine supplements.

2.4.1 L-Leucine supports MUSCLE GROWTH. How?

First of all, L-Leucine is known to play a critical role in stimulating muscle protein synthesis, the process by which the body builds new muscle tissue. When we consume protein-rich foods, the body breaks down the protein into individual amino acids, including L-Leucine.
In response to exercise or resistance training, the body signals muscle protein synthesis to increase, which is necessary for muscle growth and repair. This is done via the protein known as mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), which is a key regulator of muscle protein synthesis.
Resistance exercise training (ex: Calisthenics Training – Building strength “The term calisthenics comes from the Greek words ‘Kalos’ meaning beauty and ‘Stenos’ which translates as strength”)[12] is undeniably the most efficient non-pharmacological tool to stimulate the internal mechanisms linked to muscular hypertrophy or countering disuse-induced muscle loss[13].
In addition to its role in muscle protein synthesis, L-Leucine has also been shown to reduce muscle breakdown (known as muscle catabolism), which can happen during fasting or intense exercise. By reducing muscle breakdown and increasing muscle protein synthesis, L-Leucine helps to create a more positive muscle protein balance, which is essential for muscle growth and maintenance.
It’s important to note that, while L-Leucine can support muscle growth, it is not a magic bullet by its own and should be combined with a well-rounded diet and exercise routine to achieve optimal results.

2.4.2 L-Leucine improves MUSCLE METABOLISM. How?

In addition to muscle growth, L-Leucine plays a key role in muscle metabolism. They are not quite the one and the same and this is because muscle metabolism includes many more aspects tied to energy production and overall cellular functions. Here are some ways in which L-Leucine can improve muscle metabolism:

Stimulating protein synthesis: This is important for promoting muscle growth and recovery after exercise.
Inhibiting protein breakdown: In addition to stimulating protein synthesis, L-Leucine can also help inhibit protein breakdown. This is important for preventing muscle loss and maintaining muscle mass, especially during periods of fasting or calories restriction.
Supporting energy production: Being a ketogenic amino acid, L-Leucine can be metabolized directly to produce energy in the form of ATP (adenosine triphosphate), which is the primary source of energy for muscle cells. This can help improve endurance and performance during exercise.
Regulating glucose metabolism: L-Leucine promotes the uptake and utilization of glucose by muscle cells. This is important for maintaining stable blood sugar levels, but also for providing the energy needed for exercise and other physical activities.
Supporting mitochondrial function: Mitochondria are the “powerhouses” of cells and are responsible for producing ATP. L-Leucine has been shown to support mitochondrial function, which can help improve muscle metabolism and energy production.

2.4.3 L-Leucine aids MUSCLE RECOVERYafter exercise. How?

L-Leucine can aid in muscle recovery after exercise in several ways. When we exercise, we cause small amounts of damage to our muscle fibers, which triggers the body’s repair processes. L-Leucine can support these processes in a very effective manner by:

Reducing muscle damage: L-Leucine has been shown to reduce muscle damage caused by exercise by decreasing oxidative stress and inflammation.
Increasing muscle protein synthesis: As mentioned earlier, L-Leucine stimulates muscle protein synthesis, which is critical for repairing and building new muscle tissue after exercise.
Decreasing muscle catabolism: L-Leucine has been shown to reduce muscle breakdown, which can occur during periods of intense exercise or fasting.
Enhancing muscle glycogen replenishment: L-Leucine may also help enhance glycogen synthesis[14], which is the process by which the body stores glucose for energy in the muscles. This can be particularly helpful after prolonged exercise or endurance training.
- Because human body does not store carbohydrates or sugars, and since glycogen is the one sugar we store for emergency situation, this pathway is one way to burn more sugars from our diet.
Reducing inflammation: L-Leucine has anti-inflammatory properties, which can help reduce inflammation associated with exercise-induced muscle damage, promoting muscle recovery and reducing muscle soreness.
Supporting immune function: L-Leucine is important for immune function and can help support the body’s ability to fight off infection and inflammation. It helps the body heal and repair muscle damage.

L-Leucine can aid in muscle recovery, but it should not be relied upon as the sole means of recovery. Adequate rest, proper nutrition, and hydration are also essential for optimal recovery and muscle growth.

2.4.4 L-Leucine attenuates the decline in power output following exercise at HIGH ALTITUDE [15]. How?

Exercising at high altitude can cause a decline in power output due to several factors, including decreased oxygen availability, increased oxidative stress, and muscle fatigue. L-Leucine has been shown to attenuate the decline in power output after exercise at high altitude through various mechanisms:

Maintaining muscle protein synthesis: L-Leucine has been shown to help maintain muscle protein synthesis, which is critical for muscle recovery and growth, helping to reduce muscle damage and fatigue, both of which are associated with high altitude exercise.
Reducing muscle breakdown: L-Leucine has been shown to reduce muscle breakdown during periods of intense exercise or high altitude exposure.
Enhancing energy production: L-Leucine may also enhance energy production by increasing glucose uptake in cells and promoting the use of fat as a fuel source (also known as ketosis) during exercise. This can help delay muscle fatigue and improve endurance.
Reducing oxidative stress: L-Leucine has been shown to have antioxidant properties, helping to reduce oxidative stress and inflammation associated with high altitude exercise.

All this mechanisms may help attenuate the decline in power output following exercise at high altitude. However, more research is needed to fully understand the effects and benefits of L-Leucine on high altitude exercise performance.

2.4.5 L-Leucine increases PROTEIN SYNTHESIS. How?

L-Leucine is one of the essential amino acids that plays a critical role in stimulating protein synthesis, which is the process by which the body builds new muscle tissue, but also other types of proteins. This is essential for the rest of the body to functions properly. L-Leucine increases protein synthesis mainly by:

Activating mTOR signaling: the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is a key regulator of muscle protein synthesis. Activation of mTOR signaling triggers a cascade of events that ultimately leads to the production of new muscle proteins.
Increasing eIF4E activity[16]: this is an important regulator of protein synthesis. By increasing eIF4E activity, L-Leucine can enhance the efficiency of the translation process – the process in which a messenger RNA (mRNA) is decoded and the information is used to build a polypeptide, or chain of amino acids[17] – usually proteins.
Enhancing translation initiation: L-Leucine promotes the formation of the eIF4F complex, which is a group of proteins that bind to the mRNA molecule and help recruit the ribosome to initiate protein synthesis.
Modulating gene expression: L-Leucine can also modulate gene expression by regulating the activity of transcription factors that control the expression of genes involved in muscle protein synthesis.

2.4.6 L- leucine increases recovery and protein synthesis in skeletal muscle after SUSTAINED STRENGTH EXERCISE. How?

L-Leucine can increase recovery and protein synthesis in skeletal muscle during recovery from sustained strength exercise. This is done by the already known mechanisms, such as:

Activating mTOR signaling
Stimulating muscle protein synthesis via increasing the activity of eukaryotic initiation factor 4E (eIF4E), enhancing the translation process for muscle protein synthesis.
Reducing muscle breakdown during periods of intense exercise or fasting.
Enhancing muscle glycogen synthesis. This can be particularly helpful after prolonged exercise or endurance training.
Reducing oxidative stress and inflammation, helping to reduce oxidative stress and inflammation associated with exercise-induced muscle damage.

Although these mechanisms may help increase recovery and protein synthesis in skeletal muscle during recovery from sustained strength exercise, it’s important to note that L-Leucine should be combined with a proper and individualized diet and a specific exercise routine to achieve optimal results in recovery.

2.4.7 L-Leucine improves MENTAL PERFORMANCE after exercise. How?

This is particularly interesting, since most people feel very tired or even exhausted after exercise, both physically and mentally. Who knew that L-Leucine could improve mental performance after exercise, leaving you fresh and good to work after your training? This involves the following mechanisms:

Enhancing brain energy metabolism: Firstly, L-Leucine is an important energy source for the brain, but it can also help enhance brain energy metabolism during and after exercise.
Reducing fatigue: L-Leucine promotes ketosis during exercise, sparing the muscle. This can help delay muscle fatigue and improve endurance, which may also improve mental performance, since fat as a fuel is much cleaner then carbohydrates or proteins.
Enhancing recovery: by reducing muscle damage and promoting muscle protein synthesis, L-Leucine reduces inflammation and oxidative stress, which can negatively impact cognitive function.
Increasing neurotransmitter synthesis: L-Leucine can also increase the synthesis of dopamine[18] and serotonin[19], which are two very important neurotransmitters for mood and cognitive function.
Regulating protein synthesis in the brain: L-Leucine can regulate protein synthesis in the brain, which is important for neuroplasticity. This can improve cognitive function and enhance mental performance.
To add to its potential, it has been found that L-Leucine could dramatically boost axonal outgrowth and regeneration[20], being a very good candidate for nervous system recovery.
Moreover, science has shown that it also may have a protective effect in epileptic seizures[21].

This area has a limited research and more research is needed to fully understand the effects of L-Leucine on mental performance and cognitive function. However, current data shows that it could have a good potential.

2.4.8 L-Leucine helps maintain a healthy IMMUNE SYSTEM. How?

L-Leucine is an essential amino acid that is important for maintaining a healthy immune system. Here are some ways in which L-Leucine helps support immune function:

Enhancing protein synthesis: L-Leucine is an important nutrient for the synthesis of proteins, including those that are involved in immune function. Immune cells require a steady supply of amino acids to produce the proteins necessary for immune function, and L-Leucine is particularly important for this process.
Supporting T cell function: L-Leucine has been shown to support T cell function by promoting T cell proliferation and activation[22].
Boosting natural killer cell activity: Natural killer (NK) cells are a type of immune cell that play a critical role in the body’s defense against viruses and cancer cells. L-Leucine has been shown to enhance NK cell activity.
Supporting gut health: The gut is an important component of the immune system, as it contains a large number of immune cells and is responsible for maintaining a healthy balance of bacteria in the body. L-Leucine has been shown to support gut health by promoting the growth of beneficial bacteria and reducing inflammation.
Reducing inflammation: Chronic inflammation can impair immune function and increase the risk of various diseases. L-Leucine has anti-inflammatory properties and can help reduce inflammation in the body, which may help support immune function.

2.4.9 L-Leucine improves HORMONAL BALANCE in the body. How?

L-Leucine plays a role in maintaining hormonal balance in the body through several mechanisms, including:

Stimulating growth hormone secretion: Growth hormone is an important hormone that is involved in muscle growth, bone health, and fat metabolism. L-Leucine has been shown to stimulate the secretion of growth hormone, which can help support muscle growth and recovery.
Regulating insulin levels: Insulin is a hormone that helps regulate blood sugar levels and is involved in the storage of nutrients in the body. L-Leucine has been shown to help regulate insulin levels and improve insulin sensitivity, which can help prevent insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes.
Supporting thyroid function: The thyroid gland produces hormones that are involved in regulating metabolism and energy levels in the body. L-Leucine has been shown to support thyroid function by helping to maintain the balance of thyroid hormones in the body.
Supporting adrenal function: The adrenal glands produce hormones that are involved in the body’s response to stress. L-Leucine has been shown to support adrenal function by promoting the production of cortisol, a hormone that helps the body cope with stress.
Supporting reproductive health: L-Leucine is involved in the synthesis of reproductive hormones, such as testosterone and estrogen, which are important for reproductive health and function.

Overall, L-Leucine plays an important role in maintaining hormonal balance in the body. However, it is important to note that excessive consumption of L-Leucine supplements can lead to imbalances in other amino acids and should be used under the guidance of a healthcare provider.

2.4.10 L-Leucine improves LONGEVITY. How?

There is some evidence to suggest that L-Leucine may help improve longevity by promoting cellular health and function. Here are some ways in which L-Leucine may help improve longevity:

Supporting protein synthesis: As we age, our bodies become less efficient at synthesizing new proteins, which can lead to a decline in muscle mass and function, which, if maintained, improve overall health and longevity.
Supporting mitochondrial function: L-Leucine has been shown to support mitochondrial function, which can help improve cellular energy production in the form of ATP. The math is simple, since it’s all about energy: the more energy you have, the younger you are.
Reducing oxidative stress: Oxidative stress is a major contributor to aging and age-related diseases. L-Leucine has been shown to reduce oxidative stress by increasing the production of antioxidants and reducing the production of reactive oxygen species[23], therefore being an effective antioxidant.
Regulating insulin levels: Insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes are major risk factors for aging and age-related diseases. L-Leucine has been shown to help regulate insulin levels and improve insulin sensitivity, which can help prevent insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes.
Supporting immune function: As we age, our immune systems become less efficient, increasing the risk of infections and other diseases. L-Leucine has been shown to support immune function by promoting the production of immune cells and enhancing their function.

These mechanisms suggest that L-Leucine may play a role in promoting healthy aging and extending lifespan. However, this is just the beginning…

3 L-Leucine – KEY ELEMENTS in LONGEVITY & REGENERATION

3.1 The Source – WHY is our L-Leucine no.1 in the world?

One of the most important aspects in the supplement industry, especially when it is about the building blocks of life itself, is THE SOURCE of the supplement. Being pure, with the least possible additives, and the label matching the actual product should not even be mentioned, it should be self-evident. Thot Nutrition has been searching and found the best of the best in every possible aspect of what a product can deliver. What does this mean?
So far, the best L-Leucine suppliers on the market have managed to deliver pretty effective whey-based products. In body building, they manage to raise the muscle protein synthesis up to 20-30%. But what if I told you that you can upgrade this efficacy percentage to nearly 80%?
Our L-Leucine supplement is orthomolecular. This means it is properly folded to the left, so the body can utilize it instantly, without any other process needed prior to utilization.
Our L-Leucine is plant-based. The basic protein source in nature is either plants or animals/ animal products. The reality is that animals are just an intermediate organism in the life chain, build to extract essential amino acids from plants and bring it into a single organism. Thot Nutrition understands the natural order of life and uses modern technology to produce and extract all 9 essential amino acids through biosynthesis, directly from plants, avoiding all the unnecessary effects of meat consumption. This is what you can have a steak and health in the same pill actually means. Most L-Leucine products are whey-based. Whey has passed the test of time, but modern technology brings us to the next level.
Our L-Leucine has a very low molecule. The reduced size allows it to enter places in the body other products could not even dream of. One of the secrets of its efficacy is that it can get to places others cannot, with a very high probability of surpassing the natural protection mechanisms like the blood brain barrier for the brain or the pericardium for the heart.
In addition to that, our L-Leucine is high density, so you have more molecules per dose than all the products currently available on the market.

We are proud to bring Japan quality to our country via our state of art products. We deserve the best. YOU deserve the best.

3.2 L-Leucine – BUILDING THE MUSCLE in a unique and highly efficient manner

The body building industry has come up so far with many working solutions. However, the quest for the most efficient and the closest to nature of them led to a simpler than expected formula. What do I mean by that? Let me explain it to you, step by step.

First of all, NO steroids are involved in any part of this story.

We aim for the best nature-mimic solutions that knowledge and technology can provide, in order to unlock, sustain and improve body functions at a superhuman level.

Secondly and the most important, it’s all happening around amino acids. This is already obvious, since they are the building blocks in muscle protein synthesis. The question is: what is it that one needs to do in order to determine those building blocks to build muscle in the correct, the fastest and with the least energy consumption possible?

Yes, everything is possible, if you give the body what it needs, when it needs it and how it needs it. This is where L-Leucine comes in. OUR L-Leucine.

The secret regarding this amazing essential amino acid is in knowing that, even if you offer the body all the other ingredients to build the muscle, the body doesn’t listen! It takes L-Leucine to switch on the button in order for all the machinery to start working. Otherwise, it’s like expecting a cake to be done just by watching the ingredients from the recipe.
Studies have shown that muscle synthesis is greatest when protein intake is enriched with high amounts of Leucine[24].
Moreover, few people and scientists know and understand that L-Leucine does not build up in the body. It is a free essential amino acid and free amino acids do not hang out in the body for too long: you either use it or you don’t. Use it or waste it. Therefore, the timing in supplementing with L-Leucine is essential. Usually, it is recommended at the beginning or during the workout.
Dr. Rhonda Patrick, in this interview with Dr. Peter Attia, provides useful and clear information on the subject of muscle protein synthesis along with other ones, like enhancing the uptake of other amino acids in this process and modulating the mTOR pathway.
In addition, even if you do have all the necessary ingredients to build that muscle, you need the know-how. You need to know HOW to train your muscles, Science has shown that the most effective and natural way to build up muscle is through resistance training. However, as with any other activity regarding your own personal body, training is more than personal. Training is intimate. That being said, I strongly recommend you to work with a professional. Working your muscles is far more complex than it seems and the correct and natural movements in order to strengthen your muscles, bones, joints and your whole body are not known by every rookie.
The muscle is one of the most energy consumptive organs, The brain is the other. Why is it important for you to know that? Well, since the mitochondria is the organelle responsible with the energy production in the cell, it makes sense why the mitochondria in the muscle deserve so much attention. The more and the healthy the mitochondria from muscle are, the more functional and healthy the muscle is. It is now proved that L-Leucine increased mitochondrial density in skeletal muscle cells[25]. It also improved mitochondrial respiration and reduced a marker of oxidative stress[26].

3.3 L-Leucine and THE HEART

Given the fact that the heart is a muscle, it is only natural to understand the potential benefits L-Leucine can have regarding heart’s activity: better contraction, high recovery rate, less oxidative stress.
Moreover, since the heart function is one of the basic metabolic functions, if the heart burns more calories by performing better, the basic metabolic rate goes up too. What does that mean? It means that you burn more fat if you have a stronger and healthier heart.
Our L-Leucine has a very low molecule: <100 nanometers
- The minimum size of a molecule to pass through the blood-brain barrier (BBB) is generally considered to be around 400-500 Daltons. However, it’s important to note that size alone is not the only factor that determines whether a molecule can cross the BBB. The molecular weight of an Amino acid, a protein or peptide is typically expressed in kilodaltons (kDa), which is equivalent to 1,000 daltons. Therefore, a 400-500 dalton molecule would have a molecular weight of 0.4-0.5 kDa. The physical size of a protein or peptide can vary widely depending on its shape and composition, but a rough estimate is that a 0.5 kDa molecule would have a radius of around 1 nm.)
- The low dimensions of this L-leucine allow it to pass through barriers other aminos can’t. They pass by the Blood Brain Barrier, by the pericardium and adventitia, and they even get to the cell’s DNA! The low molecule gets where the body needs it, unfolds, and only then it starts its function or it is used for protein synthesis. This may not happen deep enough if the molecule is bigger (largely folded).
To conclude on this last aspect, being L-folded is not enough! The size of the molecule matters.

3.4 L-Leucine and WEIGHT MANAGEMENT

A bonus secret is that L-Leucine amplifies the fat burning process and the basic metabolic functions in general. This is a game-changer for the ones who are looking for a way to lose fat in a smart manner. The goal is not only to look well, but to feel and to remain healthy and well. We have already discussed how L-Leucine overrides the insulin pathway, having a major contribution in preventing metabolic disorders or regulate them.
A ketogenic diet is found to be very effective for weight loss. However, it can be hard to implement in some cases, due to the difficulty in attaining the state of ketosis. You might be surprised, but Leucine is found to be great in enhancing the effects of high-fat diets, due to its role in improving lipid metabolism[27] and preventing mitochondrial disfunction[28]. Read more about ketogenic nutrition in the article The fundamentals of Keto Diet.
Regarding weight management, it is well known that when energy intake exceeds energy expenditure, the surplus energy is stored as fat in the adipose tissue. Data suggests that L-Leucine influences energy balance, regulating the physiological processes involved in obesity[29].
Yes, drugs like Metformin, Glucophage, Garcinia, Green Tea and other superfoods do work, they are actually pretty effective. However, they are not and will never be a substitute for what the body can do by its own if supplemented with the right supplements. The body is the most performant tool we have to play with, you just have to give it what it really needs. Having the element which “switches on” the whole body metabolism might be more powerful than any other known solutions coupled together,
Of course, one tool like L-Leucine is not enough. A healthy metabolism needs proper hydration, high quality omega-3 fish oils, the other 8 essential amino acids and an adequate sports training to begin with.

3.5 L-Leucine and THE ELDERLY

The elderly are a key element in a healthy society.

Their knowledge has been obtained through experience and has been tested by time. This is how the elderly gained their wisdom. Every ancient tribe or community had a council who were trusted by the people to make all the decisions in the community’s best interest. This council was made up of old and wise people. So what is it that can be done in order to genuinely help the elderly?

Well, since muscle mass and quality is highly related to health and longevity, improving the muscle mass and quality in the elderly helps significantly to raise their life quality.
Muscle quality and function declines with age and with lack of movement, leading to sarcopenia.
Studies show that L-Leucine improves criteria of sarcopenia in older individuals and significantly helps in restoring respiratory muscle function[30], mainly by improving lean muscle-mass content[31], but also muscle strength[32].
Moreover, L-Leucine has been suggested as an effective pharmaconutrient in preventing and improving the health of patients with sarcopenia and type 2 diabetes. Recent in vivo studies in humans show that free L-Leucine could improve muscle protein synthesis in the elderly[33].
The recommended daily dose is highly debatable. Some studies say it should be doubled compared to current recommendations[34], showing that more research needs to be done in this field. However, the international guidelines recommend that an intake of 3 g L-Leucine together with 25-30 g of protein could prevent the loss of lean mass in elderly[35].
However, a proper cellular hydration, a few supplements including L-Leucine and 60 minutes of walking everyday can perform wonders for old people, so make sure at least these three tasks are fulfilled in the lives of your dear ones that got to a certain respectable age.

Society could prioritize protecting the elderly in order to benefit from their wisdom and knowledge. Society needs the elderly to be as healthy as possible and as happy as possible.

4 Recommendation and posology

L-Leucine posology according to EFSA (European Food Safety Administration):

L-Leucine posology According to EFSA (European Food Safety Administration),

Reference body weights of population groups in Europe (SCF, 1993)
Age (years)	Male Mean weight (kg)	Female Mean weight (kg)
1-3	13	12.5
4-6	20	19
7-10	28.5	29
11-14	44.5	45
15-17	61.5	53.5
18-29	74.6	62.1
30-59	74.6	62.1
60-74	73.5	66.1
≥75	73.5	66.1

The recommended daily intake of L-leucine can vary depending on a person’s age, sex, weight, and activity level. The Dietary Reference Intake (DRI) for L-leucine has not been established separately, as it is part of the group of essential amino acids. However, the daily recommended intake of protein for adults is generally 0.8 grams per kilogram of body weight. For example, a person weighing 68 kg (150 lbs) would need about 55 grams of protein per day.

There are suggestions that the current recommended dietary intake of leucine be increased from 14 mg/kg bodyweight/day to a minimum of 45 mg/kg bodyweight/day for sedentary individuals, and more for those participating in intensive training in order to optimise rates of whole body protein synthesis. (Source: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10418071/)

L-leucine supplements are available in various forms, including powders, capsules, and tablets. The dosage and form of L-leucine supplementation can vary depending on the individual’s needs and goals. In general, a dosage of 2-5 grams of L-leucine per day is commonly used to promote muscle growth and recovery.

It is important to note that L-leucine supplements should not be used as a substitute for a healthy diet. It is best to consume L-leucine as part of a well-balanced diet that includes a variety of protein-rich foods, such as meat, poultry, fish, eggs, dairy, legumes, and nuts.

Of course, special situations require special adjustments and key factors like the timing of administration matter. Therefore it is recommended to speak with a healthcare provider or registered dietitian before starting any new supplements or making significant dietary changes.

5 TAKE at HOME

This article has taken L-Leucine from a large perspective to details, from general knowledge to a specific and unique approach. Here are the most important ideas and key elements for you to take and apply:

L-Leucine functions & benefits:

Supports muscle growth
Improves muscle metabolism
Aids in muscle recovery
Increases protein synthesis
Increases recovery after sustained strength exercise
Improves mental performance
Helps maintain a healthy immune system
Improves hormonal balance
Improves longevity

L- Leucine uses:

Sports PERFORMANCE and RECOVERY
- Muscle mass
- Resistance training
MENTAL strength and focus
ANTI-AGING
- Mitochondria activity improvement
- Antioxidant properties
- mTOR regulation
- SIRT1 activation
METABOLIC DISORDERS like
- Diabetes
- Cardiovascular disorders
- Obesity
WEIGHT management
SARCOPENIA in the elderly
Maintaining an OVERALL HEALTH

To conclude, L-Leucine is THOT NUTRITION’s gift to you. Whether you take it or not is up to you and only you. The deep respect and appreciation for that which we call “life” has been the engine to gather the best tools on the planet in order to protect, sustain and improve life and to enjoy what it has to offer in the best possible way. L-Leucine is one of them.

Thank you for taking time to read this article!

[1] Plotkin DL, Delcastillo K, Van Every DW, Tipton KD, Aragon AA, Schoenfeld BJ. Isolated Leucine and Branched-Chain Amino Acid Supplementation for Enhancing Muscular Strength and Hypertrophy: A Narrative Review. Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab. 2021 May 1;31(3):292-301.

[2] Scientific Opinion on the substantiation of health claims related to branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) pursuant to Article 13(1) of Regulation (EC) No 1924/2006

[3] Pasiakos SM, McClung HL, McClung JP, Margolis LM, Andersen NE, Cloutier GJ, Pikosky MA, Rood JC, Fielding RA, Young AJ. Leucine-enriched essential amino acid supplementation during moderate steady state exercise enhances postexercise muscle protein synthesis. Am J Clin Nutr. 2011 Sep;94(3):809-18.

[4] Coker RH, Miller S, Schutzler S, Deutz N, Wolfe RR. Whey protein and essential amino acids promote the reduction of adipose tissue and increased muscle protein synthesis during caloric restriction-induced weight loss in elderly, obese individuals. Nutr J. 2012 Dec 11;11:105

[5] Traylor DA, Gorissen SHM, Phillips SM. Perspective: Protein Requirements and Optimal Intakes in Aging: Are We Ready to Recommend More Than the Recommended Daily Allowance? Adv Nutr. 2018 May 1;9(3):171-182.

[6] Lippincott’s Illustrated Reviews: Biochemistry

[7] Ketogenic Amino Acid – an overview (ScienceDirect)

[8] PubChem: L-Leucine

[9] Duan Y, Li F, Li Y, Tang Y, Kong X, Feng Z, Anthony TG, Watford M, Hou Y, Wu G, Yin Y. The role of leucine and its metabolites in protein and energy metabolism. Amino Acids. 2016 Jan;48(1):41-51.

[10] https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/biochemistry-genetics-and-molecular-biology/allosteric-enzyme

[11] Millward DJ. Knowledge gained from studies of leucine consumption in animals and humans. J Nutr. 2012 Dec;142(12):2212S-2219S.

[12] https://www.menshealth.com/uk/building-muscle/a759641/complete-guide-to-calisthenics-everything-you-need-to-know/

[13] Lim C, Nunes EA, Currier BS, McLeod JC, Thomas ACQ, Phillips SM. An Evidence-Based Narrative Review of Mechanisms of Resistance Exercise-Induced Human Skeletal Muscle Hypertrophy. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2022 Sep 1;54(9):1546-1559.

[14] Kato H, Miura K, Suzuki K, Bannai M. Leucine-Enriched Essential Amino Acids Augment Muscle Glycogen Content in Rats Seven Days after Eccentric Contraction. Nutrients. 2017 Oct 23;9(10):1159.

[15] Schena F, Guerrini F, Tregnaghi P, Kayser B. Branched-chain amino acid supplementation during trekking at high altitude. The effects on loss of body mass, body composition, and muscle power. Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol. 1992;65(5):394-8.

[16] Pereira MG, Silva MT, da Cunha FM, Moriscot AS, Aoki MS, Miyabara EH. Leucine supplementation improves regeneration of skeletal muscles from old rats.

[17] mRNA Recruiting eIF4 Factors Involved in Protein Synthesis and Its Regulation – https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31765127/

[18] Han NR, Kim HY, Kim NR, Lee WK, Jeong H, Kim HM, Jeong HJ. Leucine and glycine dipeptides of porcine placenta ameliorate physical fatigue through enhancing dopaminergic systems. Mol Med Rep. 2018 Mar;17(3):4120-4130.

[19] Wessels AG, Kluge H, Hirche F, Kiowski A, Schutkowski A, Corrent E, Bartelt J, König B, Stangl GI. High Leucine Diets Stimulate Cerebral Branched-Chain Amino Acid Degradation and Modify Serotonin and Ketone Body Concentrations in a Pig Model. PLoS One. 2016 Mar 1;11(3):e0150376.

[20] Ma C, Teng L, Lin G, Guo B, Zhuo R, Qian X, Guan T, Wu R, Liu Y, Liu M. L-leucine promotes axonal outgrowth and regeneration via mTOR activation. FASEB J. 2021 May;35(5):e21526.

[21] Hartman AL, Santos P, O’Riordan KJ, Stafstrom CE, Marie Hardwick J. Potent anti-seizure effects of D-leucine. Neurobiol Dis. 2015 Oct;82:46-53.

[22] Elitsa A Ananieva, Jonathan D Powell, Susan M Hutson, Leucine Metabolism in T Cell Activation: mTOR Signaling and Beyond, Advances in Nutrition, Volume 7, Issue 4, July 2016, Pages 798S–805S.

[23] Erukainure OL, Atolani O, Banerjee P, Abel R, Pooe OJ, Adeyemi OS, Preissner R, Chukwuma CI, Koorbanally NA, Islam MS. Leziunea testiculară oxidativă: efectul L-leucinei asupra disfuncțiilor redox, colinergice și purinergice și a căilor metabolice dereglate. Aminoacizi. 2021 Mar;53(3):359-380.

[24] Churchward-Venne TA, Breen L, Di Donato DM, Hector AJ, Mitchell CJ, Moore DR, Stellingwerff T, Breuille D, Offord EA, Baker SK, Phillips SM. Leucine supplementation of a low-protein mixed macronutrient beverage enhances myofibrillar protein synthesis in young men: a double-blind, randomized trial. Am J Clin Nutr. 2014 Feb;99(2):276-86.

[25] Vaughan RA, Garcia-Smith R, Gannon NP, Bisoffi M, Trujillo KA, Conn CA. Leucine treatment enhances oxidative capacity through complete carbohydrate oxidation and increased mitochondrial density in skeletal muscle cells. Amino Acids. 2013 Oct;45(4):901-11.

[26] Arentson-Lantz EJ, Mikovic J, Bhattarai N, Fry CS, Lamon S, Porter C, Paddon-Jones D. Leucine augments specific skeletal muscle mitochondrial respiratory pathways during recovery following 7 days of physical inactivity in older adults. J Appl Physiol (1985). 2021 May 1;130(5):1522-1533.

[27] Zhang L, Li F, Guo Q, Duan Y, Wang W, Zhong Y, Yang Y, Yin Y. Leucine Supplementation: A Novel Strategy for Modulating Lipid Metabolism and Energy Homeostasis. Nutrients. 2020 May 2;12(5):1299.

[28] Li H, Xu M, Lee J, He C, Xie Z. Leucine supplementation increases SIRT1 expression and prevents mitochondrial dysfunction and metabolic disorders in high-fat diet-induced obese mice. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 2012 Nov 15;303(10):E1234-44.

[29] McAllan L, Cotter PD, Roche HM, Korpela R, Nilaweera KN. Impact of leucine on energy balance. J Physiol Biochem. 2013 Mar;69(1):155-63.

[30] Martínez-Arnau FM, Fonfría-Vivas R, Buigues C, Castillo Y, Molina P, Hoogland AJ, van Doesburg F, Pruimboom L, Fernández-Garrido J, Cauli O. Effects of Leucine Administration in Sarcopenia: A Randomized and Placebo-controlled Clinical Trial. Nutrients. 2020 Mar 27;12(4):932.

[31] Martínez-Arnau FM, Fonfría-Vivas R, Cauli O. Beneficial Effects of Leucine Supplementation on Criteria for Sarcopenia: A Systematic Review. Nutrients. 2019 Oct 17;11(10):2504.

[32] Lee SY, Lee HJ, Lim JY. Effects of leucine-rich protein supplements in older adults with sarcopenia: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Arch Gerontol Geriatr. 2022 Sep-Oct;102:104758. doi: 10.1016/j.archger.2022.104758. Epub 2022 Jun 24.

[33] Leenders M, van Loon LJ. Leucine as a pharmaconutrient to prevent and treat sarcopenia and type 2 diabetes. Nutr Rev. 2011 Nov;69(11):675-89.

[34] Millward DJ. Leucine requirements for the elderly. Am J Clin Nutr. 2021 Apr 6;113(4):1056-1057.

[35] Rondanelli M, Nichetti M, Peroni G, Faliva MA, Naso M, Gasparri C, Perna S, Oberto L, Di Paolo E, Riva A, Petrangolini G, Guerreschi G, Tartara A. Where to Find Leucine in Food and How to Feed Elderly With Sarcopenia in Order to Counteract Loss of Muscle Mass: Practical Advice. Front Nutr. 2021 Jan 26;7:622391.

Building blocks of life and nutrition – what are essential amino acids?

ThotNutrition2025 — Tue, 15 Feb 2022 20:54:59 +0000

Overview of the article:

Amino acids are the building blocks of life
There are 20 amino acids in nature, of which 9 are essential amino acids (which must be supplemented by food, because the body cannot synthesize them): L-valine, L-leucine, L-isoleucine, L-tryptophan, L-phenylalanine, L-methionine, L-lysine, L-threonine, L-histidine
Amino acids and enzymes are the key supplements that underlie the optimal functioning of protein metabolism. It is the indispensable team for the performance of the human body.
The quest for the perfect formula led to the best EAAs of all times: THOT AMINOS

We are far from truly understanding the importance of amino acids in health and nutrition, precisely because we do not even give them any importance.
Over the last years, nutrition has focused on fats and carbohydrates, and in terms of amino acids, we are a bit behind. Let’s see what we need to know about amino acids in order to introduce them into our diet properly.

What are amino acids?

Amino acids are organic compounds that contain in their molecule the amino groups (-NH2) and carboxyl (-COOH), the root (R) giving them specificity.

The general formula for amino acids is:

In nature, there are 20 amino acids, which through various combinations make up larger molecules, like proteins. In order for the human body to function properly, it is necessary to have ALL these amino acids.

Of the 20 amino acids, 9 are essential amino acids[1] (EAAs) (valine, leucine, isoleucine, tryptophan, phenylalanine, methionine, lysine, threonine, histidine). What exactly does that mean? It means that these essential amino acids cannot be synthesized by our body and it is necessary to take them from the diet.

Some sources say that there are just 8 essential amino acids, histidine being an essential amino acid for adults, when it can no longer be synthesized by the body. The others can be produced by our body and are called non-essential amino acids (NEAAs).

3 of the 9 EAAs are branch-chained amino acids (BCAAs): valine, leucine and isoleucine. These amino acids have a branched molecular structure, hence their name. What is also specific to these amino acids is that they are metabolized mainly in the muscles, not in the liver.

This means that without requiring too much digestion or processing, these 3 amino acids reach directly into the muscles, where they are used as a source of energy during the process of catabolism, preventing the destruction of muscles during exercise[2].

There are many BCAAs uses, including in medicine. However, recent studies confirm the fact that the single use of BCAA, without the other 6 EAAs, the benefits are considerably lower.

Why do we need AMINO ACIDS?

The reality is that we are all deficient in amino acids. For the curious people, there are test panels for amino acid deficiencies[3].

The body cannot absorb proteins. They are digested by enzymes and broken down into amino acids. They are absorbed and used to build the right proteins for the human body. I repeat. It’s the amino acids that we need.

When it comes to protein, most people think of muscle protein. OK, it’s good to know that muscles are made up of a lot of protein, but protein plays a much more important role than just being the building blocks for muscles. They don’t just act as a structure. All the functions of the body would not take place without amino acids.

Proteins are the molecules which are used to actually and physically express the information encoded in our DNA. How does that happen? Well, the information encoded in our genes is passed on to mRNA in a process called transcription. Then, based on the information now contained by mRNA, with the help of tRNA and using amino acids, the specific protein is synthesized in a process called translation. Basically, for every gene, there is a correspondent protein.

You can watch a short animation of how the information gets from DNA to proteins here. But (and this is a big but!) there is more: as epigenetic („above genetics”) takes the lead over genetics, the membrane and chromosomal proteins got the attention of scientists. They appear to be the regulatory proteins which regulate the expression of DNA and not the other way around. It turns out that, as Dr. Lipton describes in his article, DNA is not at the top of the chain of command, but proteins are[4].

Each protein has specific instruction regarding what it is designed to do in the body. So, let’s se some of the most important protein roles:

First of all, proteins have a STRUCTURAL role. Being part of the cell membrane structure of every cell of the body is enough to be said about this.
Secondly, proteins have a FUNCTIONAL role. This is by far the most complex and important role of them all. This means that each one of the synthetized proteins has a specific function and that, without a flawless activity, harmoniously intertwined with all the other ones, the whole organism has a very good chance of collapsing altogether, in time. The main functional roles of proteins are:
- Catalytic: this role is provided by a group of proteins named ENZYMES. Enzymes are both digestive and metabolic. They are the nanorobots which take care that every metabolic reaction from or body will happen.
- Regulatory: this role is offered by HORMONES. Yes, hormones have a protein structure. They help the nervous system to communicate the information and give instructions to the whole body.
- Immune: ANTIBODIES like immunoglobulins are proteins. They are the ones involved in the immune response regarding a foreign agent.
- Transport: proteins like hemoglobin transports O2 or CO2 to and from the tissues. It goes the same for ferritin, which transports the iron.
- Balance: they help maintaining pH and osmotic homeostasis throughout the body.
- Communication: signaling proteins like insulin tell the cells that there is some glucose that has to go inside them
- Contractility: proteins like actin in the muscle helps in muscle contraction
- Others
Thirdly, proteins can have an ENERGETIC role. This happens in exceptional situations. The body uses carbohydrates and fats and only when this two are depleted, protein is then considered an energy source.

Without these processes in the body, we would practically not be “alive”, life would not take place, we would be just a body and … and that’s it. Amino acids are THAT important … you wouldn’t say that, would you? Especially ESSENTIAL amino acids.

Why ESSENTIAL Amino Acids?

As I’ve already mentioned above, essential amino acids are those 9 amino acids that the human body, in the evolutionary process, has lost the genetic ability to synthetize. Therefore, they need to be supplemented from an outside source.

These are the 9 essential amino acids – their roles in the human body:

L-Leucine – stimulates muscle protein synthesis, being directly involved in the functions of anabolism or body growth and development[5].
L-Lysine – is involved in the most important regulatory processes like gene expression, cellular metabolism and protein stability. Practically, L-Lysine is the key to epigenetics[6] and is essential in longevity and regeneration.
L-Isoleucine – is an important regulator of blood sugar, muscle repair and energy regulation[7].
L-Valine – is both an EAA and a BCAA. It is needed for muscle, tissue repair and maintaining an optimal level of nitrogen in the body. Along with leucine and isoleucine, it helps protect muscle tissue[8].
L-Threonine – is important for the production of antibodies, for the immune system and can be converted to glycine and serine. It also contributes to the synthesis of collagen, elastin and tooth enamel and helps in liver metabolism[9].
L-Phenylalanine – stimulates the synthesis and release of neurotransmitters and hormones such as dopamine and norepinephrine, substances necessary for the optimal activity of the Central Nervous System and the Peripheral Nervous System. They are basically the two neurotransmitters that make us “feel good” and get over an intense pain or an unpleasant event more easily[10].
L-Methionine – provides the body with sulfur – sulfur is very important in the synthesis of glutathione – the most powerful antioxidant in the body, the synthesis of cysteine, taurine, as well as other compounds necessary for optimal functioning, growth and regeneration, detoxification[11].
L-Histidine – previously considered non-essential for adults, histidine is involved in important mechanisms involving the immune, inflammatory and digestive systems. It is a precursor for a powerful antioxidant and for an effective UV light protector[12].
L-Tryptophan – helps release basic neurotransmitters, hormones for well-being and sleep. Examples include serotonin (the “hormone of happiness”) and melatonin (the hormone that regulates the sleep-wake cycle)[13].

Of the nine amino acids, the ones that gained special attention over time are L-leucine and L-histidine. The first one is now scientifically proven to be the most important essential amino acid involved in muscle synthesis, improving performance and recovery. The latter, L-histidine, long time debated if it is or not essential, today it is, again, scientifically proven to be an EAA for both kids and adults.

L-leucine, apart from muscle protein synthesis, is known for regulating the production of anabolic endocrine hormones, for stimulating insulin and enhancing the uptake of other amino acids in this process, as well as for modulating the mTOR pathway. Dr. Rhonda Patrick, in this interview with Dr. Peter Attia, provides useful and clear information on the subject.

L-histidine, among the already mentioned benefit, it is shown to slow down the protein turnover[14]. That means that proteins stay younger and functional for a longer period of time and don’t need to be recycled as often as in a L-histidine deficiency, so the body can focus on more important issues than recycling proteins. For more benefits of L-histidine, read this article.

Between the two categories, there are also the ones known as “conditionally essential”. They are normally non-essential, but, under certain circumstances, they become essential. This is the case for L-Tyrosine, which becomes essential for people who lack the enzyme that produces this non-essential amino acid from the essential one, L-Phenylalanine.

Given the multiple roles of each EAA in particular and all together, it can be said that EAAs are good for literally everything. Moreover, their lack in one’s diet can most probably lead to serious health problems, imbalances and other issues[15].

The benefits of essential amino acids supplementation include:

Improved sport performance and rapid recovery
Cognitive enhancement and focus
Anti-aging benefits
Prevents burnout
Helps sustain an active lifestyle[16]
Improves mood and mental imbalances
Accelerated wound healing
Improved gut health
Healthy skin
Improved sight
Healthy bones and ligaments
AND MORE…

Amino Acids and Enzymes – the love-hate relationship

We need amino acids, not protein
Bralgei Shackry

Not just any amino acids. Essential, bioavailable, left-packed

We need amino acids to build protein, which we also get from protein. But … Man doesn’t eat protein. Only amino acids pass into the blood. Proteins are far too large; they are macromolecules made up of an average of 20-50,000 amino acids. The digestive system needs to break them down using acids and enzymes. If you have no enzymes, you don’t absorb amino acids. If you have no amino acids, you don’t make enzymes.

This is one of the most vicious and destructive nutritional cyclesthat causes the biggest problems, given that the solid part of the body is composed of over 50% of amino acids. Bone is 40% calcium and other elements, and 60% collagen and elastin, which are all amino acids.

The cyclic problem is due to poor processing and absorption of amino acids from proteins.

The secret lies in the concentration of enzymes.

Many years ago, when I was doing my bachelor’s thesis, I discovered that, after the age of 20-25, people have increasingly weaker enzymes in concentration. Intrinsically, the body’s ability to extract essential or non-essential amino acids is progressively diminished, which is reflected in a declining concentration of enzymes. Surprise: digestion is getting worse and worse, and more and more problems rise for the simple reason that the body has no tools for its repair, regeneration and detoxification.

And this is not all.

Let’s say the source of protein or meat is extremely good, which is not very common. The genetics of the animal, how it lived, where, what it ate (grass or fodder, etc.) how the animal was slaughtered, how the meat was processed, what pH it has, what information it contains matter. It all matters if you aim for details, but don’t be grumpy.

The protein has reached the body and is beginning to be broken down. IF you have enzymes. Let’s say we have everything, we have enzymes, we have good meat, we also have acids, but before they are absorbed or used by cells, amino acids from proteins must be folded.

What the hell is that? Yes. The amino acid chains are being folded. If they are folded to the left, the work that some heat shock proteins do is properly done and everything is wonderful. The amino acids on the left are called, for example: L-Arginine. They can be used by cells to build what is needed.

But… if the amino acids are wrongly folded to the right, what do you think happens?

When they reach the cells, the cells look at them, see that they are right-folded and the cells cannot use them. Then they are broken down, resulting nitrogen and sugar.

Surprise. You can eat only meat and half of it will turn into sugar because it does not have the correct configuration. And we wonder why there is so much sugar in the body.

In this interview hosted by Ben Greenfield, Dr. David Minkoff explains pretty well this amino acid – enzyme relationship.

The protein source matters. Enzymes matter. Water matters. It all matters if you want balance.

Amino acids are important. Especially the essentials ones, that the human body does not produce. They need to be assimilated from the outside. The secret is that, if you have enough of these, you have no problem. I am a living example who has not eaten meat for 30 years. I ate other forms of protein, but I was careful to cultivate my essential enzymes and essential amino acids. It’s science, not luck. It’s knowledge, not good genes.

I hope that now you realize how big the real nutritional deficiencies are in terms of amino acids, given that enzymes, hormones, neurotransmitters are built from amino acids and so on.

I believe the reasons why I recommend EAA supplementation over food protein are pretty obvious right now.

The Quest for The Perfect Formula

If it were for me to choose one term that defines a perfect formula, it would be… BALANCE. As I have experienced life as deep as possible, everything in every domain brought me back to the same thing, the only one that seemed to last through time: the middle way.

Finding the middle way is hard and tricky. Staying on it is… the supreme quest. The secret is that… the middle is never the same. It moves, it ADAPTS. Now, in terms of essential amino acids, we needed a formula adapted to our times, without forgetting the roots. With the use of the latest technology and data, we can put ancient knowledge in a pill and call it magic.

As everything matters, the focus is on quality, working hard to make the best there is. Top professional ingredients, complete range of EAAs, the perfect proportion, plant based, neutral taste, the best absorption and utilization there is, time adapted. This is how THOT AMINOS were created.

Beter absorption

Faster muscles

Less effort &

Excelent recovery

all 9 essential ortho-molecular amino acids

We use state of the art, profesional grade essential amino acids

with best nutrition proportion formula in the world

Supplementing with Essential Amino Acids

There are a bunch of sources that provide the EAAs that we absolutely need for a proper development, functioning and recovery. I recommend you to listen to Ben Greenfield’s podcast with Angelo Keely for a more detailed perspective over amino acid sources. I will summarize here a part of it.

Food

Starting with food sources, they are found in both plant and animal sources, each with its own advantages and disadvantages.

The quality of animal-based protein sources is now ranked by using Digestible Indispensable Amino Acid Score (DIAAS) as opposed to Protein digestibility corrected amino acid score (PDCAAS), which was used before. When it comes to animal protein, organ meats are at the top, followed by chicken and including dairy at the low end.

Plant based protein has soy at the top (tempeh, natto, fermented tofu) followed by other sources like pea protein, spirulina, quinoa, millet and hemp.

Protein powders

Then there are protein powders. My oh my. And there are a lots of them.

Basically, if it’s vegan, it has to be a mix in order to have the complete profile of the nine EAAs.

As for the animal sources, whey appears to be the favorite and to have passed the test of time, being used for thousands of years, including for medical uses. However, whey only provides a percentage of 50% protein. Therefore, there were developed different whey powders, like concentrate (providing 80% protein with good taste), isolate (providing 90% protein and low on fat and carbohydrates) and hydrolysate (providing 99% protein, with awful taste).

Amino acid powders and tablets/capsules.

EAA

NEAA

BCAA

Mixtures

In a consumer-type society and information overload, choosing a truly clean and effective product without any compromise has become the highest challenge there is in this field. And I am thinking performance, not survival. Whether we talk about physical performance or cognitive performance, performance is performance. To get performance, you got to get the best of the best.

Long story short, YOU NEED THE PERFECT BLEND OF TOP QUALITY EAAs, nothing more (like NEAAs), nothing less (like BCAAs). Everything added or removed, every compromise regarding the source, the ingredients, the production process, will reflect in your performance. I have nothing else to add to this statement, as it is pretty clear.

Thot nutrition, via THOT AMINOS, fulfills the most exigent request anyone can have from a essential amino acid supplement.

You can find a very good guides regarding the usage of EAAs (dosage, timing and more). However, the special thing about THOT AMINOS is that they are so effective, that you need to take 3-5 tablets/day, due to high density form, purity and absorption qualities.

Moreover, the highest quality ingredients allowed us to develop a supplement with almost neutral taste, making the intake an enjoyable pleasure accompanied by tangible results.

There is not much left to say.

But there’s a lot to do and try.

Make sure you choose the best for yourself! Stay tuned.

Resources:

[1] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK557845/

[2]https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16424141

[3]https://www.directlabs.com/bengreenfield/Home/tabid/21020/language/en-US/Default.aspx

[4] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6438088/

[5]https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/L-leucine

[6]https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/labs/pmc/articles/PMC6609103/

[7]https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/l-isoleucine

[8]https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/L-valine

[9]https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/L-threonine

[10]https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/L-phenylalanine#section=3D-Conformer

[11]https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/L-methionine

[12] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7527268/

[13]https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/L-tryptophan

[14] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/labs/pmc/articles/PMC7284872/

[15] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6247364/

[16] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/labs/pmc/articles/PMC3854183/

The benefits of Keto Diet – Super Energy for the body and brain

ThotNutrition2025 — Sun, 16 Jan 2022 11:45:45 +0000

Overview of the article:

The benefits of eating a healthy high-fat diet are nothing more than the results of returning to the way our bodies have naturally been created to use their energy resources over time.
A properly applied ketogenic diet can help to lose weight, optimize the nervous system, stabilize blood sugar levels, increase energy levels, reduce inflammation and protect the cardiovascular system, along with many other benefits.
Among the many applications of the ketogenic diet are the medical ones, where encouraging results have been reported in diseases such as: diabetes, epilepsy, Alzheimer’s, cardiovascular diseases, etc.

I look around and everyone wants to lose weight, everyone wants to be healthy, everyone wants to live longer (if possible, without doing anything, but that’s another story). Regardless of the method that everyone chooses or the motivation behind it, it is a growing trend.

It is not surprising that more and more advanced solutions have been sought and are still being sought, which aim at obtaining real and sustainable results in the shortest possible time, with as little as possible energy consumption.

We have at our disposal an ocean of tools, created out of necessity. But which one do we choose? We all want quality, we want the best. But is it right? Behind every instrument in the ocean of instruments is another ocean of science, which, in order to understand, for the majority, one lifetime is not enough.

A very powerful and effective tool is the ketogenic diet itself, which, along with hydration, in terms of nutrition, is perhaps even the “basis” through which we feed our body, to which we can add all sorts of fireworks, supplements, cycles, etc. to potentiate its effects.

In the ketogenic diet, we use fats as the main source of energy, a mechanism that entails a lot of benefits. To better understand how it works, read The Basis in Ketogenic Nutrition.

So let’s dive into what this diet has to offer and explore the benefits, one by one.

Can Ketogenic Diet (KD) be used for weight loss?

Although it is not the solution to all problems, an optimal weight helps a person in many ways. Many people are overweight or obese, and from this situation a number of other physical, mental and emotional problems can develop. Therefore, it is understandable why it is desirable to have a weight within normal limits. As long as the body is in ketosis, it learns to use fat as fuel, including fat stored in adipose tissue[1].

Combined with intermittent fasting, the ketogenic diet can work wonders.

See also: article on ketogenic diet and intermittent fasting.

Ketone bodies, in which fat is broken down, also influence the hormones that control appetite, and a decrease in appetite is observed, by decreasing the secretion of ghrelin (hunger hormone) and increasing cholecystokinin, which amplifies the feeling of satiety after eating[2].

By drastically reducing the amount of carbohydrates (5%), food no longer triggers an increase in post-food insulin levels. Insulin is the hormone that deals with the introduction of energy substrate into the cell, either as glucose or as fat. Since this pathway is no longer used, less fat will be stored in fat cells. Insulin suppresses the activity of leptin, the hormone that transmits to the brain that we have enough stored energy and no need to eat.

Ketogenic nutrition influences and is influenced by hormones. The main interactions involve metabolic imbalances, polycystic ovary syndrome, thyroid hormones, hypothalamic-pituitary system, sex hormones and stress.

A meal rich in carbohydrates provides energy in the short term, but a few hours later, we get hungry again. In a fat-based diet, this is not the case, as fat is a long-term source of energy, and when it is depleted, the body moves on to energy stored in cells as fat. If carbohydrates are needed, the body adapts over time and can synthesize them on its own.

In addition to eating high in healthy fats to stimulate weight loss, there are all sorts of helpful tricks that fit perfectly into the ketogenic diet. These include: intermittent fasting, drinking black or green coffee or tea, exercising, proper hydration, etc.

You have here an article and here a podcast about how to use fat for weight loss.

Bonus: an astonishing skin! Each of our cells has a membrane made up of lipids and proteins, but especially lipids. Providing a good building material for each cell, along with proper hydration (see here the Hydration protocol), to which we add the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of ketone bodies, it is not surprising that all these things are reflected on the surface.

Can KD optimize the nervous system?

If it weren’t for the large number of people who want to lose weight, personally, I would put this topic first. Why? Because the nervous system is the basis of everything. It’s our operating system, our software if you will. It commands, it receives and transmits information both inside the body and in relation to the outside. If it is “fried”, we are also “fried”. Let’s see how a ketogenic diet can influence this essential system.

We are taught that glucose is the main fuel for our brain. Indeed, to be used by the brain, glucose does not need insulin to enter the brain cells, as do the rest of the cells in the body, but the harmful effects that sugar has on the whole body have pushed us to look for an energy resource that brings more advantages than sugar. Thus, it has been found that ketones (What are Ketones?) are an immediate source of energy for the brain and much more powerful than glucose, being able to provide up to 70% of the energy needed for the nervous system to function[3].

At the same time, the brain is the “fattiest” organ we have, being about 60% fat (saturated fat and cholesterol). That’s why it makes sense to be fed lipids. In the structure of neurons is the myelin sheath, a sheath made of fat, which wraps the neuron along its length, with a particularly important role in the isolation and protection of the neuron and the transmission of the nerve impulse. It’s like a wire conducting an electric current. Do you want it to be well insulated with quality material? Or you can afford a short circuit? Here you have an article about myelin sheath.

For maintenance to be quality, you need to make sure the food is quality. Hence the importance of consuming quality fats, rich in saturated fats and cholesterol and DHA. For more details on omega fats, I suggest a podcast regarding this subject.

Can KD reduce inflammation in the whole body?

Inflammation is a natural response of our body, which occurs when it is injured or when a microbe or foreign body enters from the outside. It is an extraordinary protection mechanism, which helps the body either to fight against an infection or a foreign body, or to heal. This is an acute inflammation.

What is less natural is chronic inflammation. Because of stress, toxins, unhealthy physical habits and eating, our body is constantly on alert, constantly in a fight, constantly on the defensive. This is how many inflammatory, localized or systemic diseases appear, which, apparently, do not have a specific cause, and science has not come to know enough about the mechanisms of these diseases. These are diseases in which inflammation is the “star”, but it is present in most diseases.

Seeing what place of “honor” inflammation occupies in our lives, it becomes obvious that we should do something about it. How does our regime contribute to this? Studies show that a ketogenic diet reduces inflammation from a carbohydrate-based diet by producing fewer free radicals during digestion and food metabolism.[4]. This podcast on the role of ketones in inflammation may clarify some aspects in more detail.

It should be noted, however, that there are foods that correspond to the ketogenic diet, but they themselves are inflammatory and harmful, so do not forget to choose those sources of healthy fats!

An excellent guide in choosing good food sources is this one.

The Keto diet stabilizes blood glucose levels

Carbohydrates consumed through food are broken down by the process of digestion into simple sugars such as glucose. Once in the blood, glucose automatically triggers the secretion of insulin from the pancreas, the hypoglycemic hormone that lowers blood glucose levels by introducing it into the cells. By changing the energy source, this pathway is no longer accessed, the blood glucose level no longer increases and insulin secretion is no longer needed. In diabetics, either the insulin secretion is affected or the cells are no longer sensitive to insulin in the blood, and glucose remains in the blood in higher than normal concentrations.

Here you can listen to an interview about the mechanism of insulin resistance. The ketogenic diet is beneficial for diabetics, many of whom may be able to give up the underlying medication they are taking. In a ketogenic diet, as this insulin-dependent pathway is no longer used, diabetes medication becomes useless[5].

Here is another situation: diabetic ketoacidosis. Ketoacidosis in diabetic disease is pathological and occurs when the level of ketone bodies in the blood rises so much, due to the inability of the body to use glucose as the first source of energy, that acidosis occurs (ketone bodies being acidic).

In the ketogenic diet, the level of ketone bodies is at an optimal level, far from the state of acidosis, and during the diet, the body learns to use fats properly as the first source of energy, this being the mechanism by which diabetic disease could be solved[6]. There is debate as to whether high-fat diets do or do not lead to diabetes. This article may shed light on this, along with other myths about the ketogenic diet. And this one shows how one can lower your blood glucose levels in a variety of ways.

Yes, there is a possibility that a ketogenic diet, used for a long time and using unhealthy types of fats, can harm your health and even decrease your insulin sensitivity, but this is another topic.

The Ketogenic Diet provides more energy

When the brain begins to use fat for energy, those sudden increases in energy no longer occur as when carbohydrates are used, but neither do those sudden decreases in energy. So the brain, if it is not supplied with fat from the outside, does not panic, knowing that it has at its disposal the reserves of fat in the body, which it can use at its discretion. Good news? We have more energy, while carbohydrate cravings disappear[7].

Bonus: we no longer have moments of lack of energy or mental fatigue. However, if there is a mental fog and slowness, it is not due to lack of glucose, but to electrolyte deficiency, a side effect specific to the ketogenic diet, which can be known and solved very easily.

There are situations, especially in performance sports, where you really need a big “boost” of immediate energy, in key moments, but those are special situations, in which a objective-based ketogenic diet like Targeted Ketogenic Diet (TKD) fits perfectly, combining the benefits of a ketogenic diet with the immediate energy provided by carbohydrates. In endurance sports, studies show that using exogenous ketones improves athletic performance[8]. The HVMN team wrote some very good articles about nutrition and supplements in sports.

Ketosis helps the brain produce more mitochondria[9], which are the energy factories of each cell and protect them[10]. The more mitochondria and the better their condition, the more energy we have available for our cells to function in our bodies and our bodies to reach a better state.

Biohacker Dave Asprey is very good at his book, Head strong, ceea which is related to the activity of mitochondria.

Medical applications of the ketogenic diet

There is that term “metabolic disease” or “metabolic syndrome”, which refers to a series of diseases that resonate throughout the body and usually have multiple causes. Metabolic syndrome is defined as the presence of at least 3 of the following 5 factors: abdominal obesity, high blood pressure, diabetes, hypertriglyceridemia, and hypo-HDL-cholesterolemia. We have already covered the weight loss part, the diabetes part, so let’s see how it is with the heart and fats.

Using the right fats, the ketogenic diet has a protective effect on the cardiovascular system, increasing HDL (known as “good cholesterol”)[11], lowering the level of triglycerides in the blood, both situations being closely correlated with cardiovascular diseases. For more details on how cholesterol in the ketogenic diet works, I recommend this podcast. To these effects is added the anti-inflammatory effect, the antioxidant effect of ketone bodies. Significantly improving mitochondrial function and having antioxidant action throughout the body[12], Ketone bodies neutralize the effects of free radicals in the body, contributing to the well-being of the cardiovascular system.

Cases of high-fat diets have been reported to significantly improve the symptoms of epilepsy[13] [14], Alzheimer’s Disease[15], Parkinson’s Disease, migraines and even traumatic injuries. Here and here You have two podcasts that contain information and cases of Alzheimer’s disease.

Regarding cancer, the disease of our century, studies show promising results, but this approach is a gray one, and research is just beginning.

Following this article, the ketogenic diet seems like a miracle diet, which, through its antioxidant, regenerating, anti-inflammatory properties, could solve most of our body’s problems. I would say that it is possible, if it is applied properly and adapted to each person. But we must also keep in mind that the diet is just a slice, which is true, important, of what we need to do to be truly healthy.

The question that remains is, well, but doesn’t this diet have any bad parts? Of course he has! Like all things in this world, nothing is just good, just white, it’s not clear every day and after night comes night. Yes, it has side effects, and it is wise to know how to avoid or manage or compensate. But that is already the subject of another article, which we encourage you to read here:

The fundamentals of Keto diet – 100% Powerful Ketogenic Nutrition

Basic rules in ketogenic diet

The Undesired Efects of Ketogenic Nutrition.

I also recommend the movie “The magic pill”, which can also be found on Netflix.

References:

[1] Bueno, N., De Melo, I., De Oliveira, S., & Da Rocha Ataide, T. (2013). Very-low-carbohydrate ketogenic diet v. low-fat diet for long-term weight loss: A meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. British Journal of Nutrition, 110(7), 1178-1187

[2] Gibson, A. A., Seimon, R. V., Lee, C. M., Ayre, J. , Franklin, J. , Markovic, T. P., Caterson, I. D. and Sainsbury, A. (2015), Do ketogenic diets really suppress appetite?. Obes Rev, 16: 64-76

[3] White, H., and Venkatesh, B. (2011). Clinical review: ketones and brain injury. Crit. Care 15:219. doi: 10.1186/cc10020

[4] Veech, Richard L. The therapeutic implications of ketone bodies: the effects of ketone bodies in pathological conditions: ketosis, ketogenic diet, redox states, insulin resistance, and mitochondrial metabolism. Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty Acids, Volume 70, Issue 3, 309 – 319.

[5] Westman, E.C., Yancy, W.S. Jr., Mavropoulos, J.C. et al, The effect of a low-carbohydrate, ketogenic diet versus a low-glycemic index diet on glycemic control in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Nutr Metab (Lond). 2008;5:36

[6] Richard D. Feinman, Wendy K. Pogozelski, Arne Astrup, Richard K. Bernstein et al. Dietary carbohydrate restriction as the first approach in diabetes management: Critical review and evidence base. Nutrition,

[7] Martin, C. K., Rosenbaum, D., Han, H., Geiselman, P. J., et al. (2011), Change in Food Cravings, Food Preferences, and Appetite During a Low‐Carbohydrate and Low‐Fat Diet. Obesity, 19: 1963-1970.

[8] Cox, Pete J. et al. Nutritional Ketosis Alters Fuel Preference and Thereby Endurance Performance in Athletes. Cell Metabolism, Volume 24, Issue 2, 256 – 268.

[9] Tieu K, Perier C, Caspersen C, et al. D-beta-hydroxybutyrate rescues mitochondrial respiration and mitigates features of Parkinson disease. J Clin Invest. 2003;112(6):892–901.

[10] Bough, K. J., Wetherington, J., Hassel, B., Pare, J. F. et al (2006), Mitochondrial biogenesis in the anticonvulsant mechanism of the ketogenic diet. Ann Neurol., 60: 223-235.

[11] Bueno, N., De Melo, I., De Oliveira, S., & Da Rocha Ataide, T. (2013). Very-low-carbohydrate ketogenic diet v. low-fat diet for long-term weight loss: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. British Journal of Nutrition, 110(7), 1178-1187.

[12] Haces M. L., Hernández-Fonseca K., Medina-Campos O. N., Montiel T. et al (2008). Antioxidant capacity contributes to protection of ketone bodies against oxidative damage induced during hypoglycemic conditions. Experimental Neurology, Vol. 211 (1), 85-96.

[13] Simeone T., Simeone K., Stafstrom C. , Rho J. (2018) Do ketone bodies mediate the anti-seizure effects of the ketogenic diet?. Neuropharmacology, Vol. 133 (1) 233-241.

[14] Simeone, T.A., Simeone, K.A. & Rho. Ketone Bodies as Anti-Seizure Agents. J.M. Neurochem Res (2017) 42: 2011.

[15] Y. Kashiwaya, T. Takeshima, N. Mori, K. Nakashima, K. Clarke, and R. L. Veech, “D-β-Hydroxybutyrate protects neurons in models of Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease,” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol. 97, no. 10, pp. 5440–5444, 2000.

ThotNutrition2025 – Thot Nutrition – Power of Essential Amino Acids

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The Smartest Way to Boost Nitric Oxide

The Breakthrough – A Master Formula that Boosts Your Nitric Oxide Levels in a 360ᵒ Way

Diseases & Dysfunctions associated with low Nitric Oxide (NO)

Nitric Oxide (NO) and LONGEVITY – key points

Boosting nitric oxide (NO) Synthesis and Activity

● Red spinach Extract (Oxystorm®)

4. The B-Vitamin Triad (B3, B6, B12): Powering Mitochondria, Methylation, and Nitric Oxide Signaling

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Big muscle hypertrophy biohacks with creatine, caffeine and nano-molecular leucine in 2026

How to grow and develop muscles more effectively with creatine, leucine, and caffeine? Plus, exercise, of course.

Creatine Monohydrate vs. Creatine HCL: Benefits, Personalized Dosages, and Optimizations for Biohackers and Advanced Nutrition Enthusiasts

Muscle growth and protein synthesis. Tips and biohacks

Thot L-Methionine “The game-changer” in BIO REGENERATION – Nr.1 Amino Acid for Your Regeneration and Recovery

“The Game changer” in Recovery is here

2.2 L-Methionine – The Most Important Essential Amino Acid for REGENERATION

3.2.4 L-Methionine offers powerful ANTIOXIDANT SUPPORT & DETOX

3.2.6 L-Methionine helps in FAT METABOLISM

3.2.7 L-Methionine supports BRAIN HEALTH and MOOD ENHANCEMENT

3.2.9 L-Methionine helps maintain CARDIOVASCULAR HEALTH

4. MEDICAL USES for L-Methionine

4.1. L-Methionine in DEPRESSION, ANXIETY & STRESS

4.2. L-Methionine in FIBROMYALGIA

4.3. L-Methionine in LIVER DISEASE

4.6. L-Methionine in BIRTH DEFECTS

5.1. The Source – WHY is our L-Methionine no.1 in the world?

[34] EFSA – Safety and efficacy of l‐methionine produced by fermentation with Corynebacterium glutamicum KCCM 80184 and Escherichia coli KCCM 80096 for all animal species

Thot Leptin RX – The Eloquent Solution to Losing Weight in 2024 (World Premiere Formula)

Synopsis to burn fat in 2024

LEPTIN Rx

Introduction to losing weight smart

Boost your brain and optimize neurotransmitters with L-Tryptophan – Outstanding 100% plant based nootropic;

L-Tryptophan the best natural nootropic for the brain and neurotransmitters.

1 Overview of the brain and the functions of L-Tryptophan

2 L-Tryptophan and Essential Amino Acids in Brain Health and nootropic

3.2.1 L-Tryptophan helps in MOOD REGULATION

3.2.2 L-Tryptophan helps in SLEEP REGULATION

3.2.3 L-Tryptophan helps in COGNITION & MEMORY ENHANCEMENT

3.2.5 L-Tryptophan helps in HORMONE REGULATION

3.2.6 L-Tryptophan helps in IMMUNE SYSTEM SUPPORT

3.2.7 L-Tryptophan helps in ENERGY METABOLISM, DNA REPAIR and CELL FUNCTIONS

3.2.8 L-Tryptophan helps in BOOSTING EXERCISE PERFORMANCE [8]

3.2.9 L-Tryptophan helps in PROTEIN SYNTHESIS

3.3 Therapeutical uses for L-Tryptophan

3.4 THE SCIENCE behind. How does L-Tryptophan work? Pathways.

4.1 The Source – WHY is our L-Tryptophan no.1 in the world?

L-Lysine the best and only key to collagen and healthy body in 2023

1. Introduction

Is that all? Yes. Your body can produce collagen if you have these 2 ingredients.

We give you the highest grade and the highest concentration of L-Lysine on the market.

You take care of the vitamin C

Table of Contents

2. L-Lysine and Essential Amino Acids in Health, Body Structure and Beauty

^[34] EFSA – Safety and efficacy of l‐methionine produced by fermentation with Corynebacterium glutamicum KCCM 80184 and Escherichia coli KCCM 80096 for all animal species

3.2.8 L-Tryptophan helps in BOOSTING EXERCISE PERFORMANCE ^[8]